[Captcha] Implement failed logins ceiling (#1870)

* [Hacker1] Failed Login Attempts Captcha

* [Captcha] Implement failed logins ceiling

* Formatting

* Updated approach after implementation talks with Kyle

* Updated email templates // Updated calling arch for failed attempts

* Formatting

* Updated 2fa email links

* Renamed baserequest methods to better match their actions

* EF migrations/scripts

* Updated with requested changes

* Defaults for MaxiumumFailedLoginAttempts

util/MySqlMigrations/Migrations/20220301215315_FailedLoginCaptcha.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+using System;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Migrations;
+
+namespace Bit.MySqlMigrations.Migrations
+{
+    public partial class FailedLoginCaptcha : Migration
+    {
+        protected override void Up(MigrationBuilder migrationBuilder)
+        {
+            migrationBuilder.AddColumn<int>(
+                name: "FailedLoginCount",
+                table: "User",
+                type: "int",
+                nullable: false,
+                defaultValue: 0);
+
+            migrationBuilder.AddColumn<DateTime>(
+                name: "LastFailedLoginDate",
+                table: "User",
+                type: "datetime(6)",
+                nullable: true);
+        }
+
+        protected override void Down(MigrationBuilder migrationBuilder)
+        {
+            migrationBuilder.DropColumn(
+                name: "FailedLoginCount",
+                table: "User");
+
+            migrationBuilder.DropColumn(
+                name: "LastFailedLoginDate",
+                table: "User");
+        }
+    }
+}

util/MySqlMigrations/Migrations/DatabaseContextModelSnapshot.cs

@@ -1068,6 +1068,9 @@ namespace Bit.MySqlMigrations.Migrations
                     b.Property<string>("ExcludedGlobalEquivalentDomains")
                         .HasColumnType("longtext");
 
+                    b.Property<int>("FailedLoginCount")
+                        .HasColumnType("int");
+
                     b.Property<bool>("ForcePasswordReset")
                         .HasColumnType("tinyint(1)");
 
@@ -1091,6 +1094,9 @@ namespace Bit.MySqlMigrations.Migrations
                     b.Property<string>("Key")
                         .HasColumnType("longtext");
 
+                    b.Property<DateTime?>("LastFailedLoginDate")
+                        .HasColumnType("datetime(6)");
+
                     b.Property<string>("LicenseKey")
                         .HasMaxLength(100)
                         .HasColumnType("varchar(100)");

util/MySqlMigrations/Scripts/2022-02-10_00_FailedLoginCaptcha.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+START TRANSACTION;
+
+ALTER TABLE `User` ADD `FailedLoginCount` int NOT NULL DEFAULT 0;
+
+ALTER TABLE `User` ADD `LastFailedLoginDate` datetime(6) NULL;
+
+INSERT INTO `__EFMigrationsHistory` (`MigrationId`, `ProductVersion`)
+VALUES ('20220301215315_FailedLoginCaptcha', '5.0.12');
+
+COMMIT;