[PM-19585] Use Authorize attributes for simple role authorization (#5555)

- Add Authorize<T> attribute
- Add IOrganizationRequirement and example implementation
- Add OrganizationRequirementHandler
- Add extension methods (replacing ICurrentContext)
- Move custom permissions claim definitions

---
Co-authored-by: Justin Baur <19896123+justindbaur@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: ✨ Audrey ✨ <ajensen@bitwarden.com>

test/Api.Test/AdminConsole/Authorization/HttpContextExtensionsTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+using Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
+using NSubstitute;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace Bit.Api.Test.AdminConsole.Authorization;
+
+public class HttpContextExtensionsTests
+{
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task WithFeaturesCacheAsync_OnlyExecutesCallbackOnce()
+    {
+        var httpContext = new DefaultHttpContext();
+        var callback = Substitute.For<Func<Task<string>>>();
+        callback().Returns(Task.FromResult("hello world"));
+
+        // Call once
+        var result1 = await httpContext.WithFeaturesCacheAsync(callback);
+        Assert.Equal("hello world", result1);
+        await callback.ReceivedWithAnyArgs(1).Invoke();
+
+        // Call again - callback not executed again
+        var result2 = await httpContext.WithFeaturesCacheAsync(callback);
+        Assert.Equal("hello world", result2);
+        await callback.ReceivedWithAnyArgs(1).Invoke();
+    }
+
+}

test/Api.Test/AdminConsole/Authorization/OrganizationClaimsExtensionsTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+using System.Security.Claims;
+using Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Authorization;
+using Bit.Core.Context;
+using Bit.Core.Entities;
+using Bit.Core.Enums;
+using Bit.Core.Test.AdminConsole.Helpers;
+using Bit.Core.Utilities;
+using Bit.Test.Common.AutoFixture.Attributes;
+using Bit.Test.Common.Helpers;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace Bit.Api.Test.AdminConsole.Authorization;
+
+public class OrganizationClaimsExtensionsTests
+{
+    [Theory, BitMemberAutoData(nameof(GetTestOrganizations))]
+    public void GetCurrentContextOrganization_ParsesOrganizationFromClaims(CurrentContextOrganization expected, User user)
+    {
+        var claims = CoreHelpers.BuildIdentityClaims(user, [expected], [], false)
+            .Select(c => new Claim(c.Key, c.Value));
+
+        var claimsPrincipal = new ClaimsPrincipal();
+        claimsPrincipal.AddIdentities([new ClaimsIdentity(claims)]);
+
+        var actual = claimsPrincipal.GetCurrentContextOrganization(expected.Id);
+
+        AssertHelper.AssertPropertyEqual(expected, actual);
+    }
+
+    public static IEnumerable<object[]> GetTestOrganizations()
+    {
+        var roles = new List<OrganizationUserType> { OrganizationUserType.Owner, OrganizationUserType.Admin, OrganizationUserType.User };
+        foreach (var role in roles)
+        {
+            yield return
+            [
+                new CurrentContextOrganization
+                {
+                    Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
+                    Type = role,
+                    AccessSecretsManager = true
+                }
+            ];
+        }
+
+        var permissions = PermissionsHelpers.GetAllPermissions();
+        foreach (var permission in permissions)
+        {
+            yield return
+            [
+                new CurrentContextOrganization
+                {
+                    Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
+                    Type = OrganizationUserType.Custom,
+                    Permissions = permission
+                }
+            ];
+        }
+    }
+}

test/Api.Test/AdminConsole/Authorization/OrganizationRequirementHandlerTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+using System.Security.Claims;
+using Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Authorization;
+using Bit.Core.Services;
+using Bit.Test.Common.AutoFixture;
+using Bit.Test.Common.AutoFixture.Attributes;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
+using NSubstitute;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace Bit.Api.Test.AdminConsole.Authorization;
+
+[SutProviderCustomize]
+public class OrganizationRequirementHandlerTests
+{
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData((string)null)]
+    [BitAutoData("malformed guid")]
+    public async Task IfInvalidOrganizationId_Throws(string orgId, Guid userId, SutProvider<OrganizationRequirementHandler> sutProvider)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        ArrangeRouteAndUser(sutProvider, orgId, userId);
+        var testRequirement = Substitute.For<IOrganizationRequirement>();
+        var authContext = new AuthorizationHandlerContext([testRequirement], new ClaimsPrincipal(), null);
+
+        // Act
+        var exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => sutProvider.Sut.HandleAsync(authContext));
+        Assert.Contains(HttpContextExtensions.NoOrgIdError, exception.Message);
+        Assert.False(authContext.HasSucceeded);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task IfHttpContextIsNull_Throws(SutProvider<OrganizationRequirementHandler> sutProvider)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IHttpContextAccessor>().HttpContext = null;
+        var testRequirement = Substitute.For<IOrganizationRequirement>();
+        var authContext = new AuthorizationHandlerContext([testRequirement], new ClaimsPrincipal(), null);
+
+        // Act
+        var exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => sutProvider.Sut.HandleAsync(authContext));
+        Assert.Contains(OrganizationRequirementHandler.NoHttpContextError, exception.Message);
+        Assert.False(authContext.HasSucceeded);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task IfUserIdIsNull_Throws(Guid orgId, SutProvider<OrganizationRequirementHandler> sutProvider)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        ArrangeRouteAndUser(sutProvider, orgId.ToString(), null);
+        var testRequirement = Substitute.For<IOrganizationRequirement>();
+        var authContext = new AuthorizationHandlerContext([testRequirement], new ClaimsPrincipal(), null);
+
+        // Act
+        var exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => sutProvider.Sut.HandleAsync(authContext));
+        Assert.Contains(OrganizationRequirementHandler.NoUserIdError, exception.Message);
+        Assert.False(authContext.HasSucceeded);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task DoesNotAuthorize_IfAuthorizeAsync_ReturnsFalse(
+        SutProvider<OrganizationRequirementHandler> sutProvider, Guid organizationId, Guid userId)
+    {
+        // Arrange route values
+        ArrangeRouteAndUser(sutProvider, organizationId.ToString(), userId);
+
+        // Arrange requirement
+        var testRequirement = Substitute.For<IOrganizationRequirement>();
+        testRequirement
+            .AuthorizeAsync(null, Arg.Any<Func<Task<bool>>>())
+            .ReturnsForAnyArgs(false);
+        var authContext = new AuthorizationHandlerContext([testRequirement], new ClaimsPrincipal(), null);
+
+        // Act
+        await sutProvider.Sut.HandleAsync(authContext);
+
+        // Assert
+        await testRequirement.Received(1).AuthorizeAsync(null, Arg.Any<Func<Task<bool>>>());
+        Assert.False(authContext.HasSucceeded);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task Authorizes_IfAuthorizeAsync_ReturnsTrue(
+        SutProvider<OrganizationRequirementHandler> sutProvider, Guid organizationId, Guid userId)
+    {
+        // Arrange route values
+        ArrangeRouteAndUser(sutProvider, organizationId.ToString(), userId);
+
+        // Arrange requirement
+        var testRequirement = Substitute.For<IOrganizationRequirement>();
+        testRequirement
+            .AuthorizeAsync(null, Arg.Any<Func<Task<bool>>>())
+            .ReturnsForAnyArgs(true);
+        var authContext = new AuthorizationHandlerContext([testRequirement], new ClaimsPrincipal(), null);
+
+        // Act
+        await sutProvider.Sut.HandleAsync(authContext);
+
+        // Assert
+        await testRequirement.Received(1).AuthorizeAsync(null, Arg.Any<Func<Task<bool>>>());
+        Assert.True(authContext.HasSucceeded);
+    }
+
+    private static void ArrangeRouteAndUser(SutProvider<OrganizationRequirementHandler> sutProvider, string orgIdRouteValue,
+        Guid? userId)
+    {
+        var httpContext = new DefaultHttpContext();
+        httpContext.Request.RouteValues["orgId"] = orgIdRouteValue;
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IHttpContextAccessor>().HttpContext = httpContext;
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserService>().GetProperUserId(Arg.Any<ClaimsPrincipal>()).Returns(userId);
+    }
+}