[PM-19585] Use Authorize attributes for simple role authorization (#5555)

- Add Authorize<T> attribute
- Add IOrganizationRequirement and example implementation
- Add OrganizationRequirementHandler
- Add extension methods (replacing ICurrentContext)
- Move custom permissions claim definitions

---
Co-authored-by: Justin Baur <19896123+justindbaur@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: ✨ Audrey ✨ <ajensen@bitwarden.com>

test/Core.Test/AdminConsole/Helpers/PermissionsHelpers.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+using Bit.Core.Context;
+using Bit.Core.Enums;
+using Bit.Core.Models.Data;
+
+namespace Bit.Core.Test.AdminConsole.Helpers;
+
+public static class PermissionsHelpers
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Return a new Permission object with inverted permissions.
+    /// This is useful to test negative cases, e.g. "all other permissions should fail".
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="permissions"></param>
+    /// <returns></returns>
+    public static Permissions Invert(this Permissions permissions)
+    {
+        // Get all false boolean properties of input object
+        var inputsToFlip = permissions
+            .GetType()
+            .GetProperties()
+            .Where(p =>
+                p.PropertyType == typeof(bool) &&
+                (bool)p.GetValue(permissions, null)! == false)
+            .Select(p => p.Name);
+
+        var result = new Permissions();
+
+        // Set these to true on the result object
+        result
+            .GetType()
+            .GetProperties()
+            .Where(p => inputsToFlip.Contains(p.Name))
+            .ToList()
+            .ForEach(p => p.SetValue(result, true));
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Returns a sequence of Permission objects, where each Permission object has a different permission flag set.
+    /// </summary>
+    public static IEnumerable<Permissions> GetAllPermissions()
+    {
+        // Get all boolean properties of input object
+        var props = typeof(Permissions)
+            .GetProperties()
+            .Where(p => p.PropertyType == typeof(bool));
+
+        foreach (var prop in props)
+        {
+            var result = new Permissions();
+            prop.SetValue(result, true);
+            yield return result;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Returns a sequence of all possible roles and permissions represented as CurrentContextOrganization objects.
+    /// Used largely for authorization testing.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <returns></returns>
+    public static IEnumerable<CurrentContextOrganization> AllRoles() => new List<CurrentContextOrganization>
+    {
+        new () { Type = OrganizationUserType.Owner },
+        new () { Type = OrganizationUserType.Admin },
+        new () { Type = OrganizationUserType.Custom, Permissions = new Permissions() },
+        new () { Type = OrganizationUserType.Custom, Permissions = new Permissions().Invert() },
+        new () { Type = OrganizationUserType.User },
+    };
+}