bitwarden/src/Core/Utilities/JsonHelpers.cs

using System.Globalization;
using System.Text.Json;
using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
using NS = Newtonsoft.Json;

namespace Bit.Core.Utilities
{
    public static class JsonHelpers
    {
        public static JsonSerializerOptions Default { get; }
        public static JsonSerializerOptions Indented { get; }
        public static JsonSerializerOptions IgnoreCase { get; }
        public static JsonSerializerOptions IgnoreWritingNull { get; }
        public static JsonSerializerOptions CamelCase { get; }
        public static JsonSerializerOptions IgnoreWritingNullAndCamelCase { get; }

        static JsonHelpers()
        {
            Default = new JsonSerializerOptions();

            Indented = new JsonSerializerOptions
            {
                WriteIndented = true,
            };

            IgnoreCase = new JsonSerializerOptions
            {
                PropertyNameCaseInsensitive = true,
            };

            IgnoreWritingNull = new JsonSerializerOptions
            {
                DefaultIgnoreCondition = JsonIgnoreCondition.WhenWritingNull,
            };

            CamelCase = new JsonSerializerOptions
            {
                PropertyNamingPolicy = JsonNamingPolicy.CamelCase,
            };

            IgnoreWritingNullAndCamelCase = new JsonSerializerOptions
            {
                PropertyNamingPolicy = JsonNamingPolicy.CamelCase,
                DefaultIgnoreCondition = JsonIgnoreCondition.WhenWritingNull,
            };
        }

        [Obsolete("This is built into .NET 6, it SHOULD be removed when we upgrade")]
        public static T ToObject<T>(this JsonElement element, JsonSerializerOptions options = null)
        {
            return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<T>(element.GetRawText(), options ?? Default);
        }

        [Obsolete("This is built into .NET 6, it SHOULD be removed when we upgrade")]
        public static T ToObject<T>(this JsonDocument document, JsonSerializerOptions options = null)
        {
            return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<T>(document.RootElement.GetRawText(), options ?? default);
        }

        public static T DeserializeOrNew<T>(string json, JsonSerializerOptions options = null)
            where T : new()
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(json))
            {
                return new T();
            }

            return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<T>(json, options);
        }

        #region Legacy Newtonsoft.Json usage
        private const string LegacyMessage = "Usage of Newtonsoft.Json should be kept to a minimum and will further be removed when we move to .NET 6";

        [Obsolete(LegacyMessage)]
        public static NS.JsonSerializerSettings LegacyEnumKeyResolver { get; } = new NS.JsonSerializerSettings
        {
            ContractResolver = new EnumKeyResolver<byte>(),
        };

        [Obsolete(LegacyMessage)]
        public static string LegacySerialize(object value, NS.JsonSerializerSettings settings = null)
        {
            return NS.JsonConvert.SerializeObject(value, settings);
        }

        [Obsolete(LegacyMessage)]
        public static T LegacyDeserialize<T>(string value, NS.JsonSerializerSettings settings = null)
        {
            return NS.JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(value, settings);
        }
        #endregion
    }

    public class EnumKeyResolver<T> : NS.Serialization.DefaultContractResolver
        where T : struct
    {
        protected override NS.Serialization.JsonDictionaryContract CreateDictionaryContract(Type objectType)
        {
            var contract = base.CreateDictionaryContract(objectType);
            var keyType = contract.DictionaryKeyType;

            if (keyType.BaseType == typeof(Enum))
            {
                contract.DictionaryKeyResolver = propName => ((T)Enum.Parse(keyType, propName)).ToString();
            }

            return contract;
        }
    }

    public class MsEpochConverter : JsonConverter<DateTime?>
    {
        public override DateTime? Read(ref Utf8JsonReader reader, Type typeToConvert, JsonSerializerOptions options)
        {
            if (reader.TokenType == JsonTokenType.Null)
            {
                return null;
            }

            if (!long.TryParse(reader.GetString(), out var milliseconds))
            {
                return null;
            }

            return CoreHelpers.FromEpocMilliseconds(milliseconds);
        }

        public override void Write(Utf8JsonWriter writer, DateTime? value, JsonSerializerOptions options)
        {
            if (!value.HasValue)
            {
                writer.WriteNullValue();
            }

            writer.WriteStringValue(CoreHelpers.ToEpocMilliseconds(value.Value).ToString());
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Allows reading a string from a JSON number or string, should only be used on <see cref="string" /> properties
    /// </summary>
    public class PermissiveStringConverter : JsonConverter<string>
    {
        internal static readonly PermissiveStringConverter Instance = new();
        private static readonly CultureInfo _cultureInfo = new("en-US");

        public override string Read(ref Utf8JsonReader reader, Type typeToConvert, JsonSerializerOptions options)
        {
            return reader.TokenType switch
            {
                JsonTokenType.String => reader.GetString(),
                JsonTokenType.Number => reader.GetDecimal().ToString(_cultureInfo),
                JsonTokenType.True => bool.TrueString,
                JsonTokenType.False => bool.FalseString,
                _ => throw new JsonException($"Unsupported TokenType: {reader.TokenType}"),
            };
        }

        public override void Write(Utf8JsonWriter writer, string value, JsonSerializerOptions options)
        {
            writer.WriteStringValue(value);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Allows reading a JSON array of number or string, should only be used on <see cref="IEnumerable{T}" /> whose generic type is <see cref="string" />
    /// </summary>
    public class PermissiveStringEnumerableConverter : JsonConverter<IEnumerable<string>>
    {
        public override IEnumerable<string> Read(ref Utf8JsonReader reader, Type typeToConvert, JsonSerializerOptions options)
        {
            var stringList = new List<string>();

            // Handle special cases or throw
            if (reader.TokenType != JsonTokenType.StartArray)
            {
                // An array was expected but to be extra permissive allow reading from anything other than an object
                if (reader.TokenType == JsonTokenType.StartObject)
                {
                    throw new JsonException("Cannot read JSON Object to an IEnumerable<string>.");
                }

                stringList.Add(PermissiveStringConverter.Instance.Read(ref reader, typeof(string), options));
                return stringList;
            }

            while (reader.Read() && reader.TokenType != JsonTokenType.EndArray)
            {
                stringList.Add(PermissiveStringConverter.Instance.Read(ref reader, typeof(string), options));
            }

            return stringList;
        }

        public override void Write(Utf8JsonWriter writer, IEnumerable<string> value, JsonSerializerOptions options)
        {
            writer.WriteStartArray();

            foreach (var str in value)
            {
                PermissiveStringConverter.Instance.Write(writer, str, options);
            }

            writer.WriteEndArray();
        }
    }
}