2025-05-09 23:12:14 -05:00
167 changed files with 7694 additions and 11407 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ jobs:
        with:
          path: ./repo
      - name: Virtualized Install, Prepare & Build
-        uses: yt-dlp/run-on-arch-action@v3
+        uses: yt-dlp/run-on-arch-action@v2
        with:
          # Ref: https://github.com/uraimo/run-on-arch-action/issues/55
          env: |
@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ jobs:
        run: | # Custom pyinstaller built with https://github.com/yt-dlp/pyinstaller-builds
          python devscripts/install_deps.py -o --include build
          python devscripts/install_deps.py --include curl-cffi
-          python -m pip install -U "https://yt-dlp.github.io/Pyinstaller-Builds/x86_64/pyinstaller-6.13.0-py3-none-any.whl"
+          python -m pip install -U "https://yt-dlp.github.io/Pyinstaller-Builds/x86_64/pyinstaller-6.11.1-py3-none-any.whl"
      - name: Prepare
        run: |
@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          python devscripts/install_deps.py -o --include build
          python devscripts/install_deps.py
-          python -m pip install -U "https://yt-dlp.github.io/Pyinstaller-Builds/i686/pyinstaller-6.13.0-py3-none-any.whl"
+          python -m pip install -U "https://yt-dlp.github.io/Pyinstaller-Builds/i686/pyinstaller-6.11.1-py3-none-any.whl"
      - name: Prepare
        run: |
--- a/.github/workflows/core.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/core.yml
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ on:
      - devscripts/**
      - test/**
      - yt_dlp/**.py
-      - '!yt_dlp/extractor/**.py'
+      - '!yt_dlp/extractor/*.py'
      - yt_dlp/extractor/__init__.py
      - yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
      - yt_dlp/extractor/extractors.py
@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ on:
      - devscripts/**
      - test/**
      - yt_dlp/**.py
-      - '!yt_dlp/extractor/**.py'
+      - '!yt_dlp/extractor/*.py'
      - yt_dlp/extractor/__init__.py
      - yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
      - yt_dlp/extractor/extractors.py
--- a/.github/workflows/quick-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/quick-test.yml
@ -38,5 +38,3 @@ jobs:
      run: ruff check --output-format github .
    - name: Run autopep8
      run: autopep8 --diff .
    - name: Check file mode
      run: git ls-files --format="%(objectmode) %(path)" yt_dlp/ | ( ! grep -v "^100644" )
--- a/28
+++ b/28
@ -742,31 +742,3 @@ lfavole
 mp3butcher
 slipinthedove
 YoshiTabletopGamer
 Arc8ne
 benfaerber
 chrisellsworth
 fries1234
 Kenshin9977
 MichaelDeBoey
 msikma
 pedro
 pferreir
 red-acid
 refack
 rysson
 somini
 thedenv
 vallovic
 arabcoders
 mireq
 mlabeeb03
 1271
 CasperMcFadden95
 Kicer86
 Kiritomo
 leeblackc
 meGAmeS1
 NeonMan
 pj47x
 troex
 WouterGordts
--- a/Changelog.md
+++ b/Changelog.md
@ -4,221 +4,6 @@
 # To create a release, dispatch the https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/actions/workflows/release.yml workflow on master
 -->
 ### 2025.04.30
 #### Important changes
 - **New option `--preset-alias`/`-t` has been added**
 This provides convenient predefined aliases for common use cases. Available presets include `mp4`, `mp3`, `mkv`, `aac`, and `sleep`. See [the README](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/README.md#preset-aliases) for more details.
 #### Core changes
 - [Add `--preset-alias` option](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/88eb1e7a9a2720ac89d653c0d0e40292388823bb) ([#12839](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12839)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **utils**
    - `_yield_json_ld`: [Make function less fatal](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/45f01de00e1bc076b7f676a669736326178647b1) ([#12855](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12855)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
    - `url_or_none`: [Support WebSocket URLs](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a473e592337edb8ca40cde52c1fcaee261c54df9) ([#12848](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12848)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
 #### Extractor changes
 - **abematv**: [Fix thumbnail extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f5736bb35bde62348caebf7b188668655e316deb) ([#12859](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12859)) by [Kiritomo](https://github.com/Kiritomo)
 - **atresplayer**: [Rework extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/839d64325356310e6de6cd9cad28fb546619ca63) ([#11424](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11424)) by [meGAmeS1](https://github.com/meGAmeS1), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **bpb**: [Fix formats extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/80736b9c90818adee933a155079b8535bc06819f) ([#13015](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13015)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **cda**: [Fix formats extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9032f981362ea0be90626fab51ec37934feded6d) ([#12975](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12975)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **cdafolder**: [Extend `_VALID_URL`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/cb271d445bc2d866c9a3404b1d8f59bcb77447df) ([#12919](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12919)) by [fireattack](https://github.com/fireattack), [Kicer86](https://github.com/Kicer86)
 - **crowdbunker**: [Make format extraction non-fatal](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/4ebf41309d04a6e196944f1c0f5f0154cff0055a) ([#12836](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12836)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **dacast**: [Support tokenized URLs](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/e7e3b7a55c456da4a5a812b4fefce4dce8e6a616) ([#12979](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12979)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **dzen.ru**: [Rework extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a3f2b54c2535d862de6efa9cfaa6ca9a2b2f7dd6) ([#12852](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12852)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **generic**: [Fix MPD extraction for `file://` URLs](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/34a061a295d156934417c67ee98070b94943006b) ([#12978](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12978)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **getcourseru**: [Fix extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/741fd809bc4d301c19b53877692ae510334a6750) ([#12943](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12943)) by [troex](https://github.com/troex)
 - **ivoox**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7faa18b83dcfc74a1a1e2034e6b0369c495ca645) ([#12768](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12768)) by [NeonMan](https://github.com/NeonMan), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **kika**: [Add playlist extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/3c1c75ecb8ab352f422b59af46fff2be992e4115) ([#12832](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12832)) by [1100101](https://github.com/1100101)
 - **linkedin**
    - [Support feed URLs](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/73a26f9ee68610e33c0b4407b77355f2ab7afd0e) ([#12927](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12927)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
    - events: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b37ff4de5baf4e4e70c6a0ec34e136a279ad20af) ([#12926](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12926)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **loco**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f5a37ea40e20865b976ffeeff13eeae60292eb23) ([#12934](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12934)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **lrtradio**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/74e90dd9b8f9c1a5c48a2515126654f4d398d687) ([#12801](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12801)) by [subrat-lima](https://github.com/subrat-lima)
 - **manyvids**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/77aa15e98f34c4ad425aabf39dd1ee37b48f772c) ([#10907](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/10907)) by [pj47x](https://github.com/pj47x)
 - **mixcloud**: [Refactor extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/db6d1f145ad583e0220637726029f8f2fa6200a0) ([#12830](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12830)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev), [WouterGordts](https://github.com/WouterGordts)
 - **mlbtv**: [Fix device ID caching](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/36da6360e130197df927ee93409519ce3f4075f5) ([#12980](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12980)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **niconico**
    - [Fix login support](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/25cd7c1ecbb6cbf21dd3a6e59608e4af94715ecc) ([#13008](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13008)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
    - [Remove DMC formats support](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7d05aa99c65352feae1cd9a3ff8784b64bfe382a) ([#12916](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12916)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
    - live: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/1d45e30537bf83e069184a440703e4c43b2e0198) ([#12809](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12809)) by [Snack-X](https://github.com/Snack-X)
 - **panopto**: [Fix formats extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9d26daa04ad5108257bc5e30f7f040c7f1fe7a5a) ([#12925](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12925)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **parti**: [Add extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/425017531fbc3369becb5a44013e26f26efabf45) ([#12769](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12769)) by [benfaerber](https://github.com/benfaerber)
 - **raiplay**: [Fix DRM detection](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/dce82346245e35a46fda836ca2089805d2347935) ([#12971](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12971)) by [DTrombett](https://github.com/DTrombett)
 - **reddit**: [Support `--ignore-no-formats-error`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/28f04e8a5e383ff531db646190b4be45554610d6) ([#12993](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12993)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **royalive**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/e1847535e28788414a25546a45bebcada2f34558) ([#12817](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12817)) by [CasperMcFadden95](https://github.com/CasperMcFadden95)
 - **rtve**: [Rework extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f07ee91c71920ab1187a7ea756720e81aa406a9d) ([#10388](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/10388)) by [meGAmeS1](https://github.com/meGAmeS1), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **rumble**: [Improve format extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/58d0c83457b93b3c9a81eb6bc5a4c65f25e949df) ([#12838](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12838)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **tokfmpodcast**: [Fix formats extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/91832111a12d87499294a0f430829b8c2254c339) ([#12842](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12842)) by [selfisekai](https://github.com/selfisekai)
 - **tv2dk**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a3e91df30a45943f40759d2c1e0b6c2ca4b2a263) ([#12945](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12945)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **tvp**: vod: [Improve `_VALID_URL`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/4e69a626cce51428bc1d66dc606a56d9498b03a5) ([#12923](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12923)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **tvw**: tvchannels: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ed8ad1b4d6b9d7a1426ff5192ff924f3371e4721) ([#12721](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12721)) by [fries1234](https://github.com/fries1234)
 - **twitcasting**: [Fix livestream extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/de271a06fd6d20d4f55597ff7f90e4d913de0a52) ([#12977](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12977)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **twitch**: clips: [Fix uploader metadata extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/1ae6bff564a65af41e94f1a4727892471ecdd05a) ([#13022](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13022)) by [1271](https://github.com/1271)
 - **twitter**
    - [Fix extraction when logged-in](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/1cf39ddf3d10b6512daa7dd139e5f6c0dc548bbc) ([#13024](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13024)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - spaces: [Improve metadata extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/70599e53b736bb75922b737e6e0d4f76e419bb20) ([#12911](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12911)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
 - **vimeo**: [Extract from mobile API](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/22ac81a0692019ac833cf282e4ef99718e9ef3fa) ([#13034](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13034)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **vk**
    - [Fix chapters extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5361a7c6e2933c919716e0cb1e3116c28c40419f) ([#12821](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12821)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
    - [Fix uploader extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/2381881fe58a723853350a6ab750a5efc9f10c85) ([#12985](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12985)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **youtube**
    - [Add context to video request rate limit error](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/26feac3dd142536ad08ad1ed731378cb88e63602) ([#12958](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12958)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
    - [Add extractor arg to skip "initial_data" request](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ed6c6d7eefbc78fa72e4e60ad6edaa3ee2acc715) ([#12865](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12865)) by [leeblackc](https://github.com/leeblackc)
    - [Add warning on video captcha challenge](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f484c51599a6cd01eb078ea7dc9bbba942967774) ([#12939](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12939)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
    - [Cache signature timestamps](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/61c9a938b390b8334ee3a879fe2d93f714e30138) ([#13047](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13047)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - [Detect and warn when account cookies are rotated](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/8cb08028f5be2acb9835ce1670b196b9b077052f) ([#13014](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13014)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
    - [Detect player JS variants for any locale](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c2d6659d1069f8cff97e1fd61d1c59e949e1e63d) ([#13003](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13003)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - [Do not strictly deprioritize `missing_pot` formats](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/74fc2ae12c24eb6b4e02c6360c89bd05f3c8f740) ([#13061](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13061)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - [Improve warning for SABR-only/SSAP player responses](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/fd8394bc50301ac5e930aa65aa71ab1b8372b8ab) ([#13049](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13049)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - tab: [Extract continuation from empty page](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/72ba4879304c2082fecbb472e6cc05ee2d154a3b) ([#12938](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12938)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
 - **zdf**: [Fix extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7be14109a6bd493a2e881da4f9e30adaf3e7e5d5) ([#12779](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12779)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [InvalidUsernameException](https://github.com/InvalidUsernameException)
 #### Downloader changes
 - **niconicodmc**: [Remove downloader](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/8d127b18f81131453eaba05d3bb810d9b73adb75) ([#12916](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12916)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
 #### Networking changes
 - [Add PATCH request shortcut](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ceab4d5ed63a1f135a1816fe967c9d9a1ec7e6e8) ([#12884](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12884)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
 #### Misc. changes
 - **ci**: [Add file mode test to code check](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/3690e91265d1d0bbeffaf6a9b8cc9baded1367bd) ([#13036](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/13036)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
 - **cleanup**: Miscellaneous: [505b400](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/505b400795af557bdcfd9d4fa7e9133b26ef431c) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 ### 2025.03.31
 #### Core changes
 - [Add `--compat-options 2024`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/22e34adbd741e1c7072015debd615dc3fb71c401) ([#12789](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12789)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 #### Extractor changes
 - **francaisfacile**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/bb321cfdc3fd4400598ddb12a15862bc2ac8fc10) ([#12787](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12787)) by [mlabeeb03](https://github.com/mlabeeb03)
 - **generic**: [Validate response before checking m3u8 live status](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9a1ec1d36e172d252714cef712a6d091e0a0c4f2) ([#12784](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12784)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **microsoftlearnepisode**: [Extract more formats](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/d63696f23a341ee36a3237ccb5d5e14b34c2c579) ([#12799](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12799)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **mlbtv**: [Fix radio-only extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f033d86b96b36f8c5289dd7c3304f42d4d9f6ff4) ([#12792](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12792)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **on24**: [Support `mainEvent` URLs](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/e465b078ead75472fcb7b86f6ccaf2b5d3bc4c21) ([#12800](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12800)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **sbs**: [Fix subtitles extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/29560359120f28adaaac67c86fa8442eb72daa0d) ([#12785](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12785)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **stvr**: [Rename extractor from RTVS to STVR](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5fc521cbd0ce7b2410d0935369558838728e205d) ([#12788](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12788)) by [mireq](https://github.com/mireq)
 - **twitch**: clips: [Extract portrait formats](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/61046c31612b30c749cbdae934b7fe26abe659d7) ([#12763](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12763)) by [DmitryScaletta](https://github.com/DmitryScaletta)
 - **youtube**
    - [Add `player_js_variant` extractor-arg](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/07f04005e40ebdb368920c511e36e98af0077ed3) ([#12767](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12767)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - tab: [Fix playlist continuation extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/6a6d97b2cbc78f818de05cc96edcdcfd52caa259) ([#12777](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12777)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
 #### Misc. changes
 - **cleanup**: Miscellaneous: [5e457af](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5e457af57fae9645b1b8fa0ed689229c8fb9656b) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 ### 2025.03.27
 #### Core changes
 - **jsinterp**: [Fix nested attributes and object extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a8b9ff3c2a0ae25735e580173becc78545b92572) ([#12760](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12760)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 #### Extractor changes
 - **youtube**: [Make signature and nsig extraction more robust](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/48be862b32648bff5b3e553e40fca4dcc6e88b28) ([#12761](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12761)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 ### 2025.03.26
 #### Extractor changes
 - **youtube**
    - [Fix signature and nsig extraction for player `4fcd6e4a`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a550dfc904a02843a26369ae50dbb7c0febfb30e) ([#12748](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12748)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
    - [Only cache nsig code on successful decoding](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ecee97b4fa90d51c48f9154c3a6d5a8ffe46cd5c) ([#12750](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12750)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 ### 2025.03.25
 #### Core changes
 - [Fix attribute error on failed VT init](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b872ffec50fd50f790a5a490e006a369a28a3df3) ([#12696](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12696)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
 - **utils**: `js_to_json`: [Make function less fatal](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9491b44032b330e05bd5eaa546187005d1e8538e) ([#12715](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12715)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 #### Extractor changes
 - [Fix sorting of HLS audio formats by `GROUP-ID`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/86ab79e1a5182092321102adf6ca34195803b878) ([#12714](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12714)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **17live**: vod: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/3396eb50dcd245b49c0f4aecd6e80ec914095d16) ([#12723](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12723)) by [subrat-lima](https://github.com/subrat-lima)
 - **9now.com.au**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9d5e6de2e7a47226d1f72c713ad45c88ba01db68) ([#12702](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12702)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **chzzk**: video: [Fix extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/e2dfccaf808b406d5bcb7dd04ae9ce420752dd6f) ([#12692](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12692)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [dirkf](https://github.com/dirkf)
 - **deezer**: [Remove extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/be5af3f9e91747768c2b41157851bfbe14c663f7) ([#12704](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12704)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **generic**: [Fix MPD base URL parsing](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/5086d4aed6aeb3908c62f49e2d8f74cc0cb05110) ([#12718](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12718)) by [fireattack](https://github.com/fireattack)
 - **streaks**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/801afeac91f97dc0b58cd39cc7e8c50f619dc4e1) ([#12679](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12679)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
 - **tver**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/66e0bab814e4a52ef3e12d81123ad992a29df50e) ([#12659](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12659)) by [arabcoders](https://github.com/arabcoders), [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **viki**: [Remove extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/fe4f14b8369038e7c58f7de546d76de1ce3a91ce) ([#12703](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12703)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **vrsquare**: [Add extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b7fbb5a0a16a8e8d3e29c29e26ebed677d0d6ea3) ([#12515](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12515)) by [doe1080](https://github.com/doe1080)
 - **youtube**
    - [Fix PhantomJS nsig fallback](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/4054a2b623bd1e277b49d2e9abc3d112a4b1c7be) ([#12728](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12728)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - [Fix signature and nsig extraction for player `363db69b`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b9c979461b244713bf42691a5bc02834e2ba4b2c) ([#12725](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12725)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 #### Networking changes
 - **Request Handler**: curl_cffi: [Support `curl_cffi` 0.10.x](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9bf23902ceb948b9685ce1dab575491571720fc6) ([#12670](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12670)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
 #### Misc. changes
 - **cleanup**: Miscellaneous: [9dde546](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9dde546e7ee3e1515d88ee3af08b099351455dc0) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 ### 2025.03.21
 #### Core changes
 - [Fix external downloader availability when using `--ffmpeg-location`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9f77e04c76e36e1cbbf49bc9eb385fa6ef804b67) ([#12318](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12318)) by [Kenshin9977](https://github.com/Kenshin9977)
 - [Load plugins on demand](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/4445f37a7a66b248dbd8376c43137e6e441f138e) ([#11305](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11305)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz), [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [pukkandan](https://github.com/pukkandan) (With fixes in [c034d65](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c034d655487be668222ef9476a16f374584e49a7))
 - [Support emitting ConEmu progress codes](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f7a1f2d8132967a62b0f6d5665c6d2dde2d42c09) ([#10649](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/10649)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
 #### Extractor changes
 - **azmedien**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/26a502fc727d0e91b2db6bf4a112823bcc672e85) ([#12375](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12375)) by [goggle](https://github.com/goggle)
 - **bilibiliplaylist**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f5fb2229e66cf59d5bf16065bc041b42a28354a0) ([#12690](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12690)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **bunnycdn**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/3a1583ca75fb523cbad0e5e174387ea7b477d175) ([#11586](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11586)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **canalsurmas**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/01a8be4c23f186329d85f9c78db34a55f3294ac5) ([#12497](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12497)) by [Arc8ne](https://github.com/Arc8ne)
 - **cda**: [Fix login support](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/be0d819e1103195043f6743650781f0d4d343f6d) ([#12552](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12552)) by [rysson](https://github.com/rysson)
 - **cultureunplugged**: [Extend `_VALID_URL`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/3042afb5fe342d3a00de76704cd7de611acc350e) ([#12486](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12486)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **dailymotion**: [Improve embed detection](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ad60137c141efa5023fbc0ac8579eaefe8b3d8cc) ([#12464](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12464)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **gem.cbc.ca**: [Fix login support](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/eb1417786a3027b1e7290ec37ef6aaece50ebed0) ([#12414](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12414)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **globo**: [Fix subtitles extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/0e1697232fcbba7551f983fd1ba93bb445cbb08b) ([#12270](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12270)) by [pedro](https://github.com/pedro)
 - **instagram**
    - [Add `app_id` extractor-arg](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a90641c8363fa0c10800b36eb6b01ee22d3a9409) ([#12359](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12359)) by [chrisellsworth](https://github.com/chrisellsworth)
    - [Fix extraction of older private posts](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a59abe0636dc49b22a67246afe35613571b86f05) ([#12451](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12451)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - [Improve error handling](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/480125560a3b9972d29ae0da850aba8109e6bd41) ([#12410](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12410)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - story: [Support `--no-playlist`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/65c3c58c0a67463a150920203cec929045c95a24) ([#12397](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12397)) by [fireattack](https://github.com/fireattack)
 - **jamendo**: [Fix thumbnail extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/89a68c4857ddbaf937ff22f12648baaf6b5af840) ([#12622](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12622)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [JChris246](https://github.com/JChris246)
 - **ketnet**: [Remove extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/bbada3ec0779422cde34f1ce3dcf595da463b493) ([#12628](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12628)) by [MichaelDeBoey](https://github.com/MichaelDeBoey)
 - **lbry**
    - [Make m3u8 format extraction non-fatal](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9807181cfbf87bfa732f415c30412bdbd77cbf81) ([#12463](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12463)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - [Raise appropriate error for non-media files](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7126b472601814b7fd8c9de02069e8fff1764891) ([#12462](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12462)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **loco**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/983095485c731240aae27c950cb8c24a50827b56) ([#12667](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12667)) by [DTrombett](https://github.com/DTrombett)
 - **magellantv**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/172d5fcd778bf2605db7647ebc56b29ed18d24ac) ([#12505](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12505)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **mitele**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7223d29569a48a35ad132a508c115973866838d3) ([#12689](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12689)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **msn**: [Rework extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/4815dac131d42c51e12c1d05232db0bbbf607329) ([#12513](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12513)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev), [thedenv](https://github.com/thedenv)
 - **n1**: [Fix extraction of newer articles](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9d70abe4de401175cbbaaa36017806f16b2df9af) ([#12514](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12514)) by [u-spec-png](https://github.com/u-spec-png)
 - **nbcstations**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/ebac65aa9e0bf9a97c24d00f7977900d2577364b) ([#12534](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12534)) by [refack](https://github.com/refack)
 - **niconico**
    - [Fix format sorting](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7508e34f203e97389f1d04db92140b13401dd724) ([#12442](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12442)) by [xpadev-net](https://github.com/xpadev-net)
    - live: [Fix thumbnail extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/c2e6e1d5f77f3b720a6266f2869eb750d20e5dc1) ([#12419](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12419)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **openrec**: [Fix `_VALID_URL`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/17504f253564cfad86244de2b6346d07d2300ca5) ([#12608](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12608)) by [fireattack](https://github.com/fireattack)
 - **pinterest**: [Fix extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/bd0a66816934de70312eea1e71c59c13b401dc3a) ([#12538](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12538)) by [mikf](https://github.com/mikf)
 - **playsuisse**: [Fix login support](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/6933f5670cea9c3e2fb16c1caa1eda54d13122c5) ([#12444](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12444)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **reddit**: [Truncate title](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/d9a53cc1e6fd912daf500ca4f19e9ca88994dbf9) ([#12567](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12567)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **rtp**: [Rework extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/8eb9c1bf3b9908cca22ef043602aa24fb9f352c6) ([#11638](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11638)) by [pferreir](https://github.com/pferreir), [red-acid](https://github.com/red-acid), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev), [somini](https://github.com/somini), [vallovic](https://github.com/vallovic)
 - **softwhiteunderbelly**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/652827d5a076c9483c36654ad2cf3fe46219baf4) ([#12281](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12281)) by [benfaerber](https://github.com/benfaerber)
 - **soop**: [Fix timestamp extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/8305df00012ff8138a6ff95279d06b54ac607f63) ([#12609](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12609)) by [msikma](https://github.com/msikma)
 - **soundcloud**
    - [Extract tags](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9deed13d7cce6d3647379e50589c92de89227509) ([#12420](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12420)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - [Fix thumbnail extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/6deeda5c11f34f613724fa0627879f0d607ba1b4) ([#12447](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12447)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
 - **tiktok**
    - [Improve error handling](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/99ea2978757a431eeb2a265b3395ccbe4ce202cf) ([#12445](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12445)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - [Truncate title](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/83b119dadb0f267f1fb66bf7ed74c097349de79e) ([#12566](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12566)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **tv8.it**: [Add live and playlist extractors](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/2ee3a0aff9be2be3bea60640d3d8a0febaf0acb6) ([#12569](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12569)) by [DTrombett](https://github.com/DTrombett)
 - **tvw**: [Add extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/42b7440963866e31ff84a5b89030d1c596fa2e6e) ([#12271](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12271)) by [fries1234](https://github.com/fries1234)
 - **twitter**
    - [Fix syndication token generation](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/b8b47547049f5ebc3dd680fc7de70ed0ca9c0d70) ([#12537](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12537)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly)
    - [Truncate title](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/06f6de78db2eceeabd062ab1a3023e0ff9d4df53) ([#12560](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12560)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **vk**: [Improve metadata extraction](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/05c8023a27dd37c49163c0498bf98e3e3c1cb4b9) ([#12510](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12510)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **vrtmax**: [Rework extractor](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/df9ebeec00d658693252978d1ffb885e67aa6ab6) ([#12479](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12479)) by [bergoid](https://github.com/bergoid), [MichaelDeBoey](https://github.com/MichaelDeBoey), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **weibo**: [Support playlists](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/0bb39788626002a8a67e925580227952c563c8b9) ([#12284](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12284)) by [4ft35t](https://github.com/4ft35t)
 - **wsj**: [Support opinion URLs and impersonation](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7f3006eb0c0659982bb956d71b0bc806bcb0a5f2) ([#12431](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12431)) by [refack](https://github.com/refack)
 - **youtube**
    - [Fix nsig and signature extraction for player `643afba4`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/9b868518a15599f3d7ef5a1c730dda164c30da9b) ([#12684](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12684)) by [bashonly](https://github.com/bashonly), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
    - [Player client maintenance](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/3380febe9984c21c79c3147c1d390a4cf339bc4c) ([#12603](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12603)) by [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
    - [Split into package](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/4432a9390c79253ac830702b226d2e558b636725) ([#12557](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12557)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
    - [Warn on DRM formats](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/e67d786c7cc87bd449d22e0ddef08306891c1173) ([#12593](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12593)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
    - [Warn on missing formats due to SSAP](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/79ec2fdff75c8c1bb89b550266849ad4dec48dd3) ([#12483](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12483)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz)
 #### Networking changes
 - [Add `keep_header_casing` extension](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/7d18fed8f1983fe6de4ddc810dfb2761ba5744ac) ([#11652](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11652)) by [coletdjnz](https://github.com/coletdjnz), [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
 - [Always add unsupported suffix on version mismatch](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/95f8df2f796d0048119615200758199aedcd7cf4) ([#12626](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12626)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
 #### Misc. changes
 - **cleanup**: Miscellaneous: [f36e4b6](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/f36e4b6e65cb8403791aae2f520697115cb88dec) by [dirkf](https://github.com/dirkf), [gamer191](https://github.com/gamer191), [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K), [seproDev](https://github.com/seproDev)
 - **test**: [Show all differences for `expect_value` and `expect_dict`](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/a3e0c7d3b267abdf3933b709704a28d43bb46503) ([#12334](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12334)) by [Grub4K](https://github.com/Grub4K)
 ### 2025.02.19
 #### Core changes
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -337,11 +337,10 @@ If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.git
    --plugin-dirs PATH              Path to an additional directory to search
                                    for plugins. This option can be used
                                    multiple times to add multiple directories.
-                                    Use "default" to search the default plugin
+                                    Note that this currently only works for
-                                    directories (default)
+                                    extractor plugins; postprocessor plugins can
-    --no-plugin-dirs                Clear plugin directories to search,
+                                    only be loaded from the default plugin
-                                    including defaults and those provided by
+                                    directories
                                    previous --plugin-dirs
    --flat-playlist                 Do not extract a playlist's URL result
                                    entries; some entry metadata may be missing
                                    and downloading may be bypassed
@ -386,12 +385,6 @@ If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.git
                                    recursive options. As a safety measure, each
                                    alias may be triggered a maximum of 100
                                    times. This option can be used multiple times
    -t, --preset-alias PRESET       Applies a predefined set of options. e.g.
                                    --preset-alias mp3. The following presets
                                    are available: mp3, aac, mp4, mkv, sleep.
                                    See the "Preset Aliases" section at the end
                                    for more info. This option can be used
                                    multiple times
 ## Network Options:
    --proxy URL                     Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS proxy. To
@ -1104,23 +1097,6 @@ Make chapter entries for, or remove various segments (sponsor,
                                    can use this option multiple times to give
                                    arguments for different extractors
 ## Preset Aliases:
    -t mp3                          -f 'ba[acodec^=mp3]/ba/b' -x --audio-format
                                    mp3
    -t aac                          -f
                                    'ba[acodec^=aac]/ba[acodec^=mp4a.40.]/ba/b'
                                    -x --audio-format aac
    -t mp4                          --merge-output-format mp4 --remux-video mp4
                                    -S vcodec:h264,lang,quality,res,fps,hdr:12,a
                                    codec:aac
    -t mkv                          --merge-output-format mkv --remux-video mkv
    -t sleep                        --sleep-subtitles 5 --sleep-requests 0.75
                                    --sleep-interval 10 --max-sleep-interval 20
 # CONFIGURATION
 You can configure yt-dlp by placing any supported command line option in a configuration file. The configuration is loaded from the following locations:
@ -1792,8 +1768,8 @@ The following extractors use this feature:
 #### youtube
 * `lang`: Prefer translated metadata (`title`, `description` etc) of this language code (case-sensitive). By default, the video primary language metadata is preferred, with a fallback to `en` translated. See [youtube.py](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/c26f9b991a0681fd3ea548d535919cec1fbbd430/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py#L381-L390) for list of supported content language codes
 * `skip`: One or more of `hls`, `dash` or `translated_subs` to skip extraction of the m3u8 manifests, dash manifests and [auto-translated subtitles](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4090#issuecomment-1158102032) respectively
-* `player_client`: Clients to extract video data from. The currently available clients are `web`, `web_safari`, `web_embedded`, `web_music`, `web_creator`, `mweb`, `ios`, `android`, `android_vr`, `tv` and `tv_embedded`. By default, `tv,ios,web` is used, or `tv,web` is used when authenticating with cookies. The `web_music` client is added for `music.youtube.com` URLs when logged-in cookies are used. The `web_embedded` client is added for age-restricted videos but only works if the video is embeddable. The `tv_embedded` and `web_creator` clients are added for age-restricted videos if account age-verification is required. Some clients, such as `web` and `web_music`, require a `po_token` for their formats to be downloadable. Some clients, such as `web_creator`, will only work with authentication. Not all clients support authentication via cookies. You can use `default` for the default clients, or you can use `all` for all clients (not recommended). You can prefix a client with `-` to exclude it, e.g. `youtube:player_client=default,-ios`
+* `player_client`: Clients to extract video data from. The main clients are `web`, `ios` and `android`, with variants `_music` and `_creator` (e.g. `ios_creator`); and `mweb`, `android_vr`, `web_safari`, `web_embedded`, `tv` and `tv_embedded` with no variants. By default, `tv,ios,web` is used, or `tv,web` is used when authenticating with cookies. The `web_music` client is added for `music.youtube.com` URLs when logged-in cookies are used. The `tv_embedded` and `web_creator` clients are added for age-restricted videos if account age-verification is required. Some clients, such as `web` and `web_music`, require a `po_token` for their formats to be downloadable. Some clients, such as the `_creator` variants, will only work with authentication. Not all clients support authentication via cookies. You can use `default` for the default clients, or you can use `all` for all clients (not recommended). You can prefix a client with `-` to exclude it, e.g. `youtube:player_client=default,-ios`
-* `player_skip`: Skip some network requests that are generally needed for robust extraction. One or more of `configs` (skip client configs), `webpage` (skip initial webpage), `js` (skip js player), `initial_data` (skip initial data/next ep request). While these options can help reduce the number of requests needed or avoid some rate-limiting, they could cause issues such as missing formats or metadata.  See [#860](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/860) and [#12826](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12826) for more details
+* `player_skip`: Skip some network requests that are generally needed for robust extraction. One or more of `configs` (skip client configs), `webpage` (skip initial webpage), `js` (skip js player). While these options can help reduce the number of requests needed or avoid some rate-limiting, they could cause some issues. See [#860](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/860) for more details
 * `player_params`: YouTube player parameters to use for player requests. Will overwrite any default ones set by yt-dlp.
 * `comment_sort`: `top` or `new` (default) - choose comment sorting mode (on YouTube's side)
 * `max_comments`: Limit the amount of comments to gather. Comma-separated list of integers representing `max-comments,max-parents,max-replies,max-replies-per-thread`. Default is `all,all,all,all`
@ -1805,7 +1781,6 @@ The following extractors use this feature:
 * `data_sync_id`: Overrides the account Data Sync ID used in Innertube API requests. This may be needed if you are using an account with `youtube:player_skip=webpage,configs` or `youtubetab:skip=webpage`
 * `visitor_data`: Overrides the Visitor Data used in Innertube API requests. This should be used with `player_skip=webpage,configs` and without cookies. Note: this may have adverse effects if used improperly. If a session from a browser is wanted, you should pass cookies instead (which contain the Visitor ID)
 * `po_token`:  Proof of Origin (PO) Token(s) to use. Comma seperated list of PO Tokens in the format `CLIENT.CONTEXT+PO_TOKEN`, e.g. `youtube:po_token=web.gvs+XXX,web.player=XXX,web_safari.gvs+YYY`. Context can be either `gvs` (Google Video Server URLs) or `player` (Innertube player request)
 * `player_js_variant`: The player javascript variant to use for signature and nsig deciphering. The known variants are: `main`, `tce`, `tv`, `tv_es6`, `phone`, `tablet`. Only `main` is recommended as a possible workaround; the others are for debugging purposes. The default is to use what is prescribed by the site, and can be selected with `actual`
 #### youtubetab (YouTube playlists, channels, feeds, etc.)
 * `skip`: One or more of `webpage` (skip initial webpage download), `authcheck` (allow the download of playlists requiring authentication when no initial webpage is downloaded. This may cause unwanted behavior, see [#1122](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/1122) for more details)
@ -1822,6 +1797,9 @@ The following extractors use this feature:
 #### vikichannel
 * `video_types`: Types of videos to download - one or more of `episodes`, `movies`, `clips`, `trailers`
 #### niconico
 * `segment_duration`: Segment duration in milliseconds for HLS-DMC formats. Use it at your own risk since this feature **may result in your account termination.**
 #### youtubewebarchive
 * `check_all`: Try to check more at the cost of more requests. One or more of `thumbnails`, `captures`
@ -1833,9 +1811,6 @@ The following extractors use this feature:
 * `vcodec`: vcodec to ignore - one or more of `h264`, `h265`, `dvh265`
 * `dr`: dynamic range to ignore - one or more of `sdr`, `hdr10`, `dv`
 #### instagram
 * `app_id`: The value of the `X-IG-App-ID` header used for API requests. Default is the web app ID, `936619743392459`
 #### niconicochannelplus
 * `max_comments`: Maximum number of comments to extract - default is `120`
@ -1887,9 +1862,6 @@ The following extractors use this feature:
 #### sonylivseries
 * `sort_order`: Episode sort order for series extraction - one of `asc` (ascending, oldest first) or `desc` (descending, newest first). Default is `asc`
 #### tver
 * `backend`: Backend API to use for extraction - one of `streaks` (default) or `brightcove` (deprecated)
 **Note**: These options may be changed/removed in the future without concern for backward compatibility
 <!-- MANPAGE: MOVE "INSTALLATION" SECTION HERE -->
@ -2173,7 +2145,7 @@ with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
 * **[Format Sorting](#sorting-formats)**: The default format sorting options have been changed so that higher resolution and better codecs will be now preferred instead of simply using larger bitrate. Furthermore, you can now specify the sort order using `-S`. This allows for much easier format selection than what is possible by simply using `--format` ([examples](#format-selection-examples))
-* **Merged with animelover1984/youtube-dl**: You get most of the features and improvements from [animelover1984/youtube-dl](https://github.com/animelover1984/youtube-dl) including `--write-comments`, `BiliBiliSearch`, `BilibiliChannel`, Embedding thumbnail in mp4/ogg/opus, playlist infojson etc. See [#31](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/31) for details.
+* **Merged with animelover1984/youtube-dl**: You get most of the features and improvements from [animelover1984/youtube-dl](https://github.com/animelover1984/youtube-dl) including `--write-comments`, `BiliBiliSearch`, `BilibiliChannel`, Embedding thumbnail in mp4/ogg/opus, playlist infojson etc. Note that NicoNico livestreams are not available. See [#31](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/31) for details.
 * **YouTube improvements**:
    * Supports Clips, Stories (`ytstories:<channel UCID>`), Search (including filters)**\***, YouTube Music Search, Channel-specific search, Search prefixes (`ytsearch:`, `ytsearchdate:`)**\***, Mixes, and Feeds (`:ytfav`, `:ytwatchlater`, `:ytsubs`, `:ythistory`, `:ytrec`, `:ytnotif`)
@ -2239,7 +2211,7 @@ Some of yt-dlp's default options are different from that of youtube-dl and youtu
 * Live chats (if available) are considered as subtitles. Use `--sub-langs all,-live_chat` to download all subtitles except live chat. You can also use `--compat-options no-live-chat` to prevent any live chat/danmaku from downloading
 * YouTube channel URLs download all uploads of the channel. To download only the videos in a specific tab, pass the tab's URL. If the channel does not show the requested tab, an error will be raised. Also, `/live` URLs raise an error if there are no live videos instead of silently downloading the entire channel. You may use `--compat-options no-youtube-channel-redirect` to revert all these redirections
 * Unavailable videos are also listed for YouTube playlists. Use `--compat-options no-youtube-unavailable-videos` to remove this
-* The upload dates extracted from YouTube are in UTC.
+* The upload dates extracted from YouTube are in UTC [when available](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/89e4d86171c7b7c997c77d4714542e0383bf0db0/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py#L3898-L3900). Use `--compat-options no-youtube-prefer-utc-upload-date` to prefer the non-UTC upload date.
 * If `ffmpeg` is used as the downloader, the downloading and merging of formats happen in a single step when possible. Use `--compat-options no-direct-merge` to revert this
 * Thumbnail embedding in `mp4` is done with mutagen if possible. Use `--compat-options embed-thumbnail-atomicparsley` to force the use of AtomicParsley instead
 * Some internal metadata such as filenames are removed by default from the infojson. Use `--no-clean-infojson` or `--compat-options no-clean-infojson` to revert this
@ -2258,10 +2230,9 @@ For ease of use, a few more compat options are available:
 * `--compat-options all`: Use all compat options (**Do NOT use this!**)
 * `--compat-options youtube-dl`: Same as `--compat-options all,-multistreams,-playlist-match-filter,-manifest-filesize-approx,-allow-unsafe-ext,-prefer-vp9-sort`
 * `--compat-options youtube-dlc`: Same as `--compat-options all,-no-live-chat,-no-youtube-channel-redirect,-playlist-match-filter,-manifest-filesize-approx,-allow-unsafe-ext,-prefer-vp9-sort`
-* `--compat-options 2021`: Same as `--compat-options 2022,no-certifi,filename-sanitization`
+* `--compat-options 2021`: Same as `--compat-options 2022,no-certifi,filename-sanitization,no-youtube-prefer-utc-upload-date`
 * `--compat-options 2022`: Same as `--compat-options 2023,playlist-match-filter,no-external-downloader-progress,prefer-legacy-http-handler,manifest-filesize-approx`
-* `--compat-options 2023`: Same as `--compat-options 2024,prefer-vp9-sort`
+* `--compat-options 2023`: Same as `--compat-options prefer-vp9-sort`. Use this to enable all future compat options
 * `--compat-options 2024`: Currently does nothing. Use this to enable all future compat options
 The following compat options restore vulnerable behavior from before security patches:
--- a/devscripts/changelog_override.json
+++ b/devscripts/changelog_override.json
@ -245,14 +245,5 @@
        "when": "76ac023ff02f06e8c003d104f02a03deeddebdcd",
        "short": "[ie/youtube:tab] Improve shorts title extraction (#11997)",
        "authors": ["bashonly", "d3d9"]
    },
    {
        "action": "add",
        "when": "88eb1e7a9a2720ac89d653c0d0e40292388823bb",
        "short": "[priority] **New option `--preset-alias`/`-t` has been added**\nThis provides convenient predefined aliases for common use cases. Available presets include `mp4`, `mp3`, `mkv`, `aac`, and `sleep`. See [the README](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/README.md#preset-aliases) for more details."
    },
    {
        "action": "remove",
        "when": "d596824c2f8428362c072518856065070616e348"
    }
 ]
--- a/devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
+++ b/devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
@ -10,9 +10,6 @@ sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
 from inspect import getsource
 from devscripts.utils import get_filename_args, read_file, write_file
 from yt_dlp.extractor import import_extractors
 from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
 from yt_dlp.globals import extractors
 NO_ATTR = object()
 STATIC_CLASS_PROPERTIES = [
@ -41,7 +38,8 @@ def main():
    lazy_extractors_filename = get_filename_args(default_outfile='yt_dlp/extractor/lazy_extractors.py')
-    import_extractors()
+    from yt_dlp.extractor.extractors import _ALL_CLASSES
    from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
    DummyInfoExtractor = type('InfoExtractor', (InfoExtractor,), {'IE_NAME': NO_ATTR})
    module_src = '\n'.join((
@ -49,7 +47,7 @@ def main():
        '    _module = None',
        *extra_ie_code(DummyInfoExtractor),
        '\nclass LazyLoadSearchExtractor(LazyLoadExtractor):\n    pass\n',
-        *build_ies(list(extractors.value.values()), (InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor), DummyInfoExtractor),
+        *build_ies(_ALL_CLASSES, (InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor), DummyInfoExtractor),
    ))
    write_file(lazy_extractors_filename, f'{module_src}\n')
@ -75,7 +73,7 @@ def build_ies(ies, bases, attr_base):
        if ie in ies:
            names.append(ie.__name__)
-    yield '\n_CLASS_LOOKUP = {%s}' % ', '.join(f'{name!r}: {name}' for name in names)
+    yield f'\n_ALL_CLASSES = [{", ".join(names)}]'
 def sort_ies(ies, ignored_bases):
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ default = [
    "websockets>=13.0",
 ]
 curl-cffi = [
-    "curl-cffi>=0.5.10,!=0.6.*,!=0.7.*,!=0.8.*,!=0.9.*,<0.11; implementation_name=='cpython'",
+    "curl-cffi==0.5.10; os_name=='nt' and implementation_name=='cpython'",
    "curl-cffi>=0.5.10,!=0.6.*,<0.7.2; os_name!='nt' and implementation_name=='cpython'",
 ]
 secretstorage = [
    "cffi",
@ -75,14 +76,14 @@ dev = [
 ]
 static-analysis = [
    "autopep8~=2.0",
-    "ruff~=0.11.0",
+    "ruff~=0.9.0",
 ]
 test = [
    "pytest~=8.1",
    "pytest-rerunfailures~=14.0",
 ]
 pyinstaller = [
-    "pyinstaller>=6.13.0",  # Windows temp cleanup fixed in 6.13.0
+    "pyinstaller>=6.11.1",  # Windows temp cleanup fixed in 6.11.1
 ]
 [project.urls]
@ -383,14 +384,9 @@ select = [
    "W391",
    "W504",
 ]
 exclude = "*/extractor/lazy_extractors.py,*venv*,*/test/testdata/sigs/player-*.js,.idea,.vscode"
 [tool.pytest.ini_options]
-addopts = [
+addopts = "-ra -v --strict-markers"
    "-ra",  # summary: all except passed
    "--verbose",
    "--strict-markers",
 ]
 markers = [
    "download",
 ]
--- a/supportedsites.md
+++ b/supportedsites.md
@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **17live**
 - **17live:clip**
 - **17live:vod**
 - **1News**: 1news.co.nz article videos
 - **1tv**: Первый канал
 - **20min**
@ -201,7 +200,7 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **blogger.com**
 - **Bloomberg**
 - **Bluesky**
- - **BokeCC**: CC视频
+ - **BokeCC**
 - **BongaCams**
 - **Boosty**
 - **BostonGlobe**
@ -225,7 +224,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **bt:vestlendingen**: Bergens Tidende - Vestlendingen
 - **Bundesliga**
 - **Bundestag**
 - **BunnyCdn**
 - **BusinessInsider**
 - **BuzzFeed**
 - **BYUtv**: (**Currently broken**)
@ -244,7 +242,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **CanalAlpha**
 - **canalc2.tv**
 - **Canalplus**: mycanal.fr and piwiplus.fr
 - **Canalsurmas**
 - **CaracolTvPlay**: [*caracoltv-play*](## "netrc machine")
 - **CartoonNetwork**
 - **cbc.ca**
@ -348,6 +345,8 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **daystar:clip**
 - **DBTV**
 - **DctpTv**
 - **DeezerAlbum**
 - **DeezerPlaylist**
 - **democracynow**
 - **DestinationAmerica**
 - **DetikEmbed**
@ -394,8 +393,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **dvtv**: http://video.aktualne.cz/
 - **dw**: (**Currently broken**)
 - **dw:article**: (**Currently broken**)
 - **dzen.ru**: Дзен (dzen) formerly Яндекс.Дзен (Yandex Zen)
 - **dzen.ru:channel**
 - **EaglePlatform**
 - **EbaumsWorld**
 - **Ebay**
@ -474,7 +471,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **FoxNewsVideo**
 - **FoxSports**
 - **fptplay**: fptplay.vn
 - **FrancaisFacile**
 - **FranceCulture**
 - **FranceInter**
 - **francetv**
@ -613,10 +609,10 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **Inc**
 - **IndavideoEmbed**
 - **InfoQ**
- - **Instagram**
+ - **Instagram**: [*instagram*](## "netrc machine")
- - **instagram:story**
+ - **instagram:story**: [*instagram*](## "netrc machine")
- - **instagram:tag**: Instagram hashtag search URLs
+ - **instagram:tag**: [*instagram*](## "netrc machine") Instagram hashtag search URLs
- - **instagram:user**: Instagram user profile (**Currently broken**)
+ - **instagram:user**: [*instagram*](## "netrc machine") Instagram user profile (**Currently broken**)
 - **InstagramIOS**: IOS instagram:// URL
 - **Internazionale**
 - **InternetVideoArchive**
@ -636,7 +632,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **ivi**: ivi.ru
 - **ivi:compilation**: ivi.ru compilations
 - **ivideon**: Ivideon TV
 - **Ivoox**
 - **IVXPlayer**
 - **iwara**: [*iwara*](## "netrc machine")
 - **iwara:playlist**: [*iwara*](## "netrc machine")
@ -666,6 +661,7 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **KelbyOne**: (**Currently broken**)
 - **Kenh14Playlist**
 - **Kenh14Video**
 - **Ketnet**
 - **khanacademy**
 - **khanacademy:unit**
 - **kick:clips**
@ -674,7 +670,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **Kicker**
 - **KickStarter**
 - **Kika**: KiKA.de
 - **KikaPlaylist**
 - **kinja:embed**
 - **KinoPoisk**
 - **Kommunetv**
@ -727,7 +722,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **limelight:channel**
 - **limelight:channel_list**
 - **LinkedIn**: [*linkedin*](## "netrc machine")
 - **linkedin:events**: [*linkedin*](## "netrc machine")
 - **linkedin:learning**: [*linkedin*](## "netrc machine")
 - **linkedin:learning:course**: [*linkedin*](## "netrc machine")
 - **Liputan6**
@ -739,11 +733,9 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **Livestreamfails**
 - **Lnk**
 - **loc**: Library of Congress
 - **Loco**
 - **loom**
 - **loom:folder**
 - **LoveHomePorn**
 - **LRTRadio**
 - **LRTStream**
 - **LRTVOD**
 - **LSMLREmbed**
@ -765,7 +757,7 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **ManotoTV**: Manoto TV (Episode)
 - **ManotoTVLive**: Manoto TV (Live)
 - **ManotoTVShow**: Manoto TV (Show)
- - **ManyVids**
+ - **ManyVids**: (**Currently broken**)
 - **MaoriTV**
 - **Markiza**: (**Currently broken**)
 - **MarkizaPage**: (**Currently broken**)
@ -835,11 +827,11 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **MotherlessUploader**
 - **Motorsport**: motorsport.com (**Currently broken**)
 - **MovieFap**
- - **moviepilot**: Moviepilot trailer
+ - **Moviepilot**
 - **MoviewPlay**
 - **Moviezine**
 - **MovingImage**
- - **MSN**
+ - **MSN**: (**Currently broken**)
 - **mtg**: MTG services
 - **mtv**
 - **mtv.de**: (**Currently broken**)
@ -952,7 +944,7 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **nickelodeonru**
 - **niconico**: [*niconico*](## "netrc machine") ニコニコ動画
 - **niconico:history**: NicoNico user history or likes. Requires cookies.
- - **niconico:live**: [*niconico*](## "netrc machine") ニコニコ生放送
+ - **niconico:live**: ニコニコ生放送
 - **niconico:playlist**
 - **niconico:series**
 - **niconico:tag**: NicoNico video tag URLs
@ -1059,8 +1051,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **Parler**: Posts on parler.com
 - **parliamentlive.tv**: UK parliament videos
 - **Parlview**: (**Currently broken**)
 - **parti:livestream**
 - **parti:video**
 - **patreon**
 - **patreon:campaign**
 - **pbs**: Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) and member stations: PBS: Public Broadcasting Service, APT - Alabama Public Television (WBIQ), GPB/Georgia Public Broadcasting (WGTV), Mississippi Public Broadcasting (WMPN), Nashville Public Television (WNPT), WFSU-TV (WFSU), WSRE (WSRE), WTCI (WTCI), WPBA/Channel 30 (WPBA), Alaska Public Media (KAKM), Arizona PBS (KAET), KNME-TV/Channel 5 (KNME), Vegas PBS (KLVX), AETN/ARKANSAS ETV NETWORK (KETS), KET (WKLE), WKNO/Channel 10 (WKNO), LPB/LOUISIANA PUBLIC BROADCASTING (WLPB), OETA (KETA), Ozarks Public Television (KOZK), WSIU Public Broadcasting (WSIU), KEET TV (KEET), KIXE/Channel 9 (KIXE), KPBS San Diego (KPBS), KQED (KQED), KVIE Public Television (KVIE), PBS SoCal/KOCE (KOCE), ValleyPBS (KVPT), CONNECTICUT PUBLIC TELEVISION (WEDH), KNPB Channel 5 (KNPB), SOPTV (KSYS), Rocky Mountain PBS (KRMA), KENW-TV3 (KENW), KUED Channel 7 (KUED), Wyoming PBS (KCWC), Colorado Public Television / KBDI 12 (KBDI), KBYU-TV (KBYU), Thirteen/WNET New York (WNET), WGBH/Channel 2 (WGBH), WGBY (WGBY), NJTV Public Media NJ (WNJT), WLIW21 (WLIW), mpt/Maryland Public Television (WMPB), WETA Television and Radio (WETA), WHYY (WHYY), PBS 39 (WLVT), WVPT - Your Source for PBS and More! (WVPT), Howard University Television (WHUT), WEDU PBS (WEDU), WGCU Public Media (WGCU), WPBT2 (WPBT), WUCF TV (WUCF), WUFT/Channel 5 (WUFT), WXEL/Channel 42 (WXEL), WLRN/Channel 17 (WLRN), WUSF Public Broadcasting (WUSF), ETV (WRLK), UNC-TV (WUNC), PBS Hawaii - Oceanic Cable Channel 10 (KHET), Idaho Public Television (KAID), KSPS (KSPS), OPB (KOPB), KWSU/Channel 10 & KTNW/Channel 31 (KWSU), WILL-TV (WILL), Network Knowledge - WSEC/Springfield (WSEC), WTTW11 (WTTW), Iowa Public Television/IPTV (KDIN), Nine Network (KETC), PBS39 Fort Wayne (WFWA), WFYI Indianapolis (WFYI), Milwaukee Public Television (WMVS), WNIN (WNIN), WNIT Public Television (WNIT), WPT (WPNE), WVUT/Channel 22 (WVUT), WEIU/Channel 51 (WEIU), WQPT-TV (WQPT), WYCC PBS Chicago (WYCC), WIPB-TV (WIPB), WTIU (WTIU), CET  (WCET), ThinkTVNetwork (WPTD), WBGU-TV (WBGU), WGVU TV (WGVU), NET1 (KUON), Pioneer Public Television (KWCM), SDPB Television (KUSD), TPT (KTCA), KSMQ (KSMQ), KPTS/Channel 8 (KPTS), KTWU/Channel 11 (KTWU), East Tennessee PBS (WSJK), WCTE-TV (WCTE), WLJT, Channel 11 (WLJT), WOSU TV (WOSU), WOUB/WOUC (WOUB), WVPB (WVPB), WKYU-PBS (WKYU), KERA 13 (KERA), MPBN (WCBB), Mountain Lake PBS (WCFE), NHPTV (WENH), Vermont PBS (WETK), witf (WITF), WQED Multimedia (WQED), WMHT Educational Telecommunications (WMHT), Q-TV (WDCQ), WTVS Detroit Public TV (WTVS), CMU Public Television (WCMU), WKAR-TV (WKAR), WNMU-TV Public TV 13 (WNMU), WDSE - WRPT (WDSE), WGTE TV (WGTE), Lakeland Public Television (KAWE), KMOS-TV - Channels 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 (KMOS), MontanaPBS (KUSM), KRWG/Channel 22 (KRWG), KACV (KACV), KCOS/Channel 13 (KCOS), WCNY/Channel 24 (WCNY), WNED (WNED), WPBS (WPBS), WSKG Public TV (WSKG), WXXI (WXXI), WPSU (WPSU), WVIA Public Media Studios (WVIA), WTVI (WTVI), Western Reserve PBS (WNEO), WVIZ/PBS ideastream (WVIZ), KCTS 9 (KCTS), Basin PBS (KPBT), KUHT / Channel 8 (KUHT), KLRN (KLRN), KLRU (KLRU), WTJX Channel 12 (WTJX), WCVE PBS (WCVE), KBTC Public Television (KBTC)
@ -1235,7 +1225,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **RoosterTeeth**: [*roosterteeth*](## "netrc machine")
 - **RoosterTeethSeries**: [*roosterteeth*](## "netrc machine")
 - **RottenTomatoes**
 - **RoyaLive**
 - **Rozhlas**
 - **RozhlasVltava**
 - **RTBF**: [*rtbf*](## "netrc machine") (**Currently broken**)
@ -1256,10 +1245,12 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **RTVCKaltura**
 - **RTVCPlay**
 - **RTVCPlayEmbed**
- - **rtve.es:alacarta**: RTVE a la carta and Play
+ - **rtve.es:alacarta**: RTVE a la carta
 - **rtve.es:audio**: RTVE audio
 - **rtve.es:infantil**: RTVE infantil
 - **rtve.es:live**: RTVE.es live streams
 - **rtve.es:television**
 - **RTVS**
 - **rtvslo.si**
 - **rtvslo.si:show**
 - **RudoVideo**
@ -1314,8 +1305,8 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **sejm**
 - **Sen**
 - **SenalColombiaLive**: (**Currently broken**)
- - **senate.gov**
+ - **SenateGov**
- - **senate.gov:isvp**
+ - **SenateISVP**
 - **SendtoNews**: (**Currently broken**)
 - **Servus**
 - **Sexu**: (**Currently broken**)
@ -1351,7 +1342,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **Smotrim**
 - **SnapchatSpotlight**
 - **Snotr**
 - **SoftWhiteUnderbelly**: [*softwhiteunderbelly*](## "netrc machine")
 - **Sohu**
 - **SohuV**
 - **SonyLIV**: [*sonyliv*](## "netrc machine")
@ -1408,14 +1398,12 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **StoryFire**
 - **StoryFireSeries**
 - **StoryFireUser**
 - **Streaks**
 - **Streamable**
 - **StreamCZ**
 - **StreetVoice**
 - **StretchInternet**
 - **Stripchat**
 - **stv:player**
 - **stvr**: Slovak Television and Radio (formerly RTVS)
 - **Subsplash**
 - **subsplash:playlist**
 - **Substack**
@ -1548,8 +1536,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **tv5unis**
 - **tv5unis:video**
 - **tv8.it**
 - **tv8.it:live**: TV8 Live
 - **tv8.it:playlist**: TV8 Playlist
 - **TVANouvelles**
 - **TVANouvellesArticle**
 - **tvaplus**: TVA+
@ -1570,8 +1556,6 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **tvp:vod:series**
 - **TVPlayer**
 - **TVPlayHome**
 - **tvw**
 - **tvw:tvchannels**
 - **Tweakers**
 - **TwitCasting**
 - **TwitCastingLive**
@ -1653,6 +1637,8 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **viewlift**
 - **viewlift:embed**
 - **Viidea**
 - **viki**: [*viki*](## "netrc machine")
 - **viki:channel**: [*viki*](## "netrc machine")
 - **vimeo**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine")
 - **vimeo:album**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine")
 - **vimeo:channel**: [*vimeo*](## "netrc machine")
@ -1690,12 +1676,8 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **vpro**: npo.nl, ntr.nl, omroepwnl.nl, zapp.nl and npo3.nl
 - **vqq:series**
 - **vqq:video**
 - **vrsquare**: VR SQUARE
 - **vrsquare:channel**
 - **vrsquare:search**
 - **vrsquare:section**
 - **VRT**: VRT NWS, Flanders News, Flandern Info and Sporza
- - **vrtmax**: [*vrtnu*](## "netrc machine") VRT MAX (formerly VRT NU)
+ - **VrtNU**: [*vrtnu*](## "netrc machine") VRT MAX
 - **VTM**: (**Currently broken**)
 - **VTV**
 - **VTVGo**
@ -1830,12 +1812,14 @@ The only reliable way to check if a site is supported is to try it.
 - **ZattooLive**: [*zattoo*](## "netrc machine")
 - **ZattooMovies**: [*zattoo*](## "netrc machine")
 - **ZattooRecordings**: [*zattoo*](## "netrc machine")
- - **zdf**
+ - **ZDF**
- - **zdf:channel**
+ - **ZDFChannel**
 - **Zee5**: [*zee5*](## "netrc machine")
 - **zee5:series**
 - **ZeeNews**: (**Currently broken**)
 - **ZenPorn**
 - **ZenYandex**
 - **ZenYandexChannel**
 - **ZetlandDKArticle**
 - **Zhihu**
 - **zingmp3**: zingmp3.vn
--- a/test/helper.py
+++ b/test/helper.py
@ -101,109 +101,87 @@ def getwebpagetestcases():
 md5 = lambda s: hashlib.md5(s.encode()).hexdigest()
 def _iter_differences(got, expected, field):
    if isinstance(expected, str):
        op, _, val = expected.partition(':')
        if op in ('mincount', 'maxcount', 'count'):
            if not isinstance(got, (list, dict)):
                yield field, f'expected either {list.__name__} or {dict.__name__}, got {type(got).__name__}'
                return
            expected_num = int(val)
            got_num = len(got)
            if op == 'mincount':
                if got_num < expected_num:
                    yield field, f'expected at least {val} items, got {got_num}'
                return
            if op == 'maxcount':
                if got_num > expected_num:
                    yield field, f'expected at most {val} items, got {got_num}'
                return
            assert op == 'count'
            if got_num != expected_num:
                yield field, f'expected exactly {val} items, got {got_num}'
            return
        if not isinstance(got, str):
            yield field, f'expected {str.__name__}, got {type(got).__name__}'
            return
        if op == 're':
            if not re.match(val, got):
                yield field, f'should match {val!r}, got {got!r}'
            return
        if op == 'startswith':
            if not got.startswith(val):
                yield field, f'should start with {val!r}, got {got!r}'
            return
        if op == 'contains':
            if not val.startswith(got):
                yield field, f'should contain {val!r}, got {got!r}'
            return
        if op == 'md5':
            hash_val = md5(got)
            if hash_val != val:
                yield field, f'expected hash {val}, got {hash_val}'
            return
        if got != expected:
            yield field, f'expected {expected!r}, got {got!r}'
        return
    if isinstance(expected, dict) and isinstance(got, dict):
        for key, expected_val in expected.items():
            if key not in got:
                yield field, f'missing key: {key!r}'
                continue
            field_name = key if field is None else f'{field}.{key}'
            yield from _iter_differences(got[key], expected_val, field_name)
        return
    if isinstance(expected, type):
        if not isinstance(got, expected):
            yield field, f'expected {expected.__name__}, got {type(got).__name__}'
        return
    if isinstance(expected, list) and isinstance(got, list):
        # TODO: clever diffing algorithm lmao
        if len(expected) != len(got):
            yield field, f'expected length of {len(expected)}, got {len(got)}'
            return
        for index, (got_val, expected_val) in enumerate(zip(got, expected)):
            field_name = str(index) if field is None else f'{field}.{index}'
            yield from _iter_differences(got_val, expected_val, field_name)
        return
    if got != expected:
        yield field, f'expected {expected!r}, got {got!r}'
 def _expect_value(message, got, expected, field):
    mismatches = list(_iter_differences(got, expected, field))
    if not mismatches:
        return
    fields = [field for field, _ in mismatches if field is not None]
    return ''.join((
        message, f' ({", ".join(fields)})' if fields else '',
        *(f'\n\t{field}: {message}' for field, message in mismatches)))
 def expect_value(self, got, expected, field):
-    if message := _expect_value('values differ', got, expected, field):
+    if isinstance(expected, str) and expected.startswith('re:'):
-        self.fail(message)
+        match_str = expected[len('re:'):]
        match_rex = re.compile(match_str)
        self.assertTrue(
            isinstance(got, str),
            f'Expected a {str.__name__} object, but got {type(got).__name__} for field {field}')
        self.assertTrue(
            match_rex.match(got),
            f'field {field} (value: {got!r}) should match {match_str!r}')
    elif isinstance(expected, str) and expected.startswith('startswith:'):
        start_str = expected[len('startswith:'):]
        self.assertTrue(
            isinstance(got, str),
            f'Expected a {str.__name__} object, but got {type(got).__name__} for field {field}')
        self.assertTrue(
            got.startswith(start_str),
            f'field {field} (value: {got!r}) should start with {start_str!r}')
    elif isinstance(expected, str) and expected.startswith('contains:'):
        contains_str = expected[len('contains:'):]
        self.assertTrue(
            isinstance(got, str),
            f'Expected a {str.__name__} object, but got {type(got).__name__} for field {field}')
        self.assertTrue(
            contains_str in got,
            f'field {field} (value: {got!r}) should contain {contains_str!r}')
    elif isinstance(expected, type):
        self.assertTrue(
            isinstance(got, expected),
            f'Expected type {expected!r} for field {field}, but got value {got!r} of type {type(got)!r}')
    elif isinstance(expected, dict) and isinstance(got, dict):
        expect_dict(self, got, expected)
    elif isinstance(expected, list) and isinstance(got, list):
        self.assertEqual(
            len(expected), len(got),
            f'Expect a list of length {len(expected)}, but got a list of length {len(got)} for field {field}')
        for index, (item_got, item_expected) in enumerate(zip(got, expected)):
            type_got = type(item_got)
            type_expected = type(item_expected)
            self.assertEqual(
                type_expected, type_got,
                f'Type mismatch for list item at index {index} for field {field}, '
                f'expected {type_expected!r}, got {type_got!r}')
            expect_value(self, item_got, item_expected, field)
    else:
        if isinstance(expected, str) and expected.startswith('md5:'):
            self.assertTrue(
                isinstance(got, str),
                f'Expected field {field} to be a unicode object, but got value {got!r} of type {type(got)!r}')
            got = 'md5:' + md5(got)
        elif isinstance(expected, str) and re.match(r'^(?:min|max)?count:\d+', expected):
            self.assertTrue(
                isinstance(got, (list, dict)),
                f'Expected field {field} to be a list or a dict, but it is of type {type(got).__name__}')
            op, _, expected_num = expected.partition(':')
            expected_num = int(expected_num)
            if op == 'mincount':
                assert_func = assertGreaterEqual
                msg_tmpl = 'Expected %d items in field %s, but only got %d'
            elif op == 'maxcount':
                assert_func = assertLessEqual
                msg_tmpl = 'Expected maximum %d items in field %s, but got %d'
            elif op == 'count':
                assert_func = assertEqual
                msg_tmpl = 'Expected exactly %d items in field %s, but got %d'
            else:
                assert False
            assert_func(
                self, len(got), expected_num,
                msg_tmpl % (expected_num, field, len(got)))
            return
        self.assertEqual(
            expected, got,
            f'Invalid value for field {field}, expected {expected!r}, got {got!r}')
 def expect_dict(self, got_dict, expected_dict):
-    if message := _expect_value('dictionaries differ', got_dict, expected_dict, None):
+    for info_field, expected in expected_dict.items():
-        self.fail(message)
+        got = got_dict.get(info_field)
        expect_value(self, got, expected, info_field)
 def sanitize_got_info_dict(got_dict):
--- a/test/test_InfoExtractor.py
+++ b/test/test_InfoExtractor.py
@ -638,7 +638,6 @@ jwplayer("mediaplayer").setup({"abouttext":"Visit Indie DB","aboutlink":"http:\/
                'img_bipbop_adv_example_fmp4',
                'https://devstreaming-cdn.apple.com/videos/streaming/examples/img_bipbop_adv_example_fmp4/master.m3u8',
                [{
                    # 60kbps (bitrate not provided in m3u8); sorted as worst because it's grouped with lowest bitrate video track
                    'format_id': 'aud1-English',
                    'url': 'https://devstreaming-cdn.apple.com/videos/streaming/examples/img_bipbop_adv_example_fmp4/a1/prog_index.m3u8',
                    'manifest_url': 'https://devstreaming-cdn.apple.com/videos/streaming/examples/img_bipbop_adv_example_fmp4/master.m3u8',
@ -646,19 +645,7 @@ jwplayer("mediaplayer").setup({"abouttext":"Visit Indie DB","aboutlink":"http:\/
                    'ext': 'mp4',
                    'protocol': 'm3u8_native',
                    'audio_ext': 'mp4',
                    'source_preference': 0,
                }, {
                    # 192kbps (bitrate not provided in m3u8)
                    'format_id': 'aud3-English',
                    'url': 'https://devstreaming-cdn.apple.com/videos/streaming/examples/img_bipbop_adv_example_fmp4/a3/prog_index.m3u8',
                    'manifest_url': 'https://devstreaming-cdn.apple.com/videos/streaming/examples/img_bipbop_adv_example_fmp4/master.m3u8',
                    'language': 'en',
                    'ext': 'mp4',
                    'protocol': 'm3u8_native',
                    'audio_ext': 'mp4',
                    'source_preference': 1,
                }, {
                    # 384kbps (bitrate not provided in m3u8); sorted as best because it's grouped with the highest bitrate video track
                    'format_id': 'aud2-English',
                    'url': 'https://devstreaming-cdn.apple.com/videos/streaming/examples/img_bipbop_adv_example_fmp4/a2/prog_index.m3u8',
                    'manifest_url': 'https://devstreaming-cdn.apple.com/videos/streaming/examples/img_bipbop_adv_example_fmp4/master.m3u8',
@ -666,7 +653,14 @@ jwplayer("mediaplayer").setup({"abouttext":"Visit Indie DB","aboutlink":"http:\/
                    'ext': 'mp4',
                    'protocol': 'm3u8_native',
                    'audio_ext': 'mp4',
-                    'source_preference': 2,
+                }, {
                    'format_id': 'aud3-English',
                    'url': 'https://devstreaming-cdn.apple.com/videos/streaming/examples/img_bipbop_adv_example_fmp4/a3/prog_index.m3u8',
                    'manifest_url': 'https://devstreaming-cdn.apple.com/videos/streaming/examples/img_bipbop_adv_example_fmp4/master.m3u8',
                    'language': 'en',
                    'ext': 'mp4',
                    'protocol': 'm3u8_native',
                    'audio_ext': 'mp4',
                }, {
                    'format_id': '530',
                    'url': 'https://devstreaming-cdn.apple.com/videos/streaming/examples/img_bipbop_adv_example_fmp4/v2/prog_index.m3u8',
--- a/test/test_YoutubeDL.py
+++ b/test/test_YoutubeDL.py
@ -6,8 +6,6 @@ import sys
 import unittest
 from unittest.mock import patch
 from yt_dlp.globals import all_plugins_loaded
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
@ -1429,12 +1427,6 @@ class TestYoutubeDL(unittest.TestCase):
        self.assertFalse(result.get('cookies'), msg='Cookies set in cookies field for wrong domain')
        self.assertFalse(ydl.cookiejar.get_cookie_header(fmt['url']), msg='Cookies set in cookiejar for wrong domain')
    def test_load_plugins_compat(self):
        # Should try to reload plugins if they haven't already been loaded
        all_plugins_loaded.value = False
        FakeYDL().close()
        assert all_plugins_loaded.value
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()
--- a/test/test_http_proxy.py
+++ b/test/test_http_proxy.py
@ -331,6 +331,10 @@ class TestHTTPConnectProxy:
                assert proxy_info['proxy'] == server_address
                assert 'Proxy-Authorization' in proxy_info['headers']
    @pytest.mark.skip_handler(
        'Requests',
        'bug in urllib3 causes unclosed socket: https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/3374',
    )
    def test_http_connect_bad_auth(self, handler, ctx):
        with ctx.http_server(HTTPConnectProxyHandler, username='test', password='test') as server_address:
            with handler(verify=False, proxies={ctx.REQUEST_PROTO: f'http://test:bad@{server_address}'}) as rh:
--- a/test/test_jsinterp.py
+++ b/test/test_jsinterp.py
@ -118,7 +118,6 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
        self._test('function f(){var x = 20; x = 30 + 1; return x;}', 31)
        self._test('function f(){var x = 20; x += 30 + 1; return x;}', 51)
        self._test('function f(){var x = 20; x -= 30 + 1; return x;}', -11)
        self._test('function f(){var x = 2; var y = ["a", "b"]; y[x%y["length"]]="z"; return y}', ['z', 'b'])
    @unittest.skip('Not implemented')
    def test_comments(self):
@ -385,7 +384,7 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
    @unittest.skip('Not implemented')
    def test_packed(self):
        jsi = JSInterpreter('''function f(p,a,c,k,e,d){while(c--)if(k[c])p=p.replace(new RegExp('\\b'+c.toString(a)+'\\b','g'),k[c]);return p}''')
-        self.assertEqual(jsi.call_function('f', '''h 7=g("1j");7.7h({7g:[{33:"w://7f-7e-7d-7c.v.7b/7a/79/78/77/76.74?t=73&s=2s&e=72&f=2t&71=70.0.0.1&6z=6y&6x=6w"}],6v:"w://32.v.u/6u.31",16:"r%",15:"r%",6t:"6s",6r:"",6q:"l",6p:"l",6o:"6n",6m:\'6l\',6k:"6j",9:[{33:"/2u?b=6i&n=50&6h=w://32.v.u/6g.31",6f:"6e"}],1y:{6d:1,6c:\'#6b\',6a:\'#69\',68:"67",66:30,65:r,},"64":{63:"%62 2m%m%61%5z%5y%5x.u%5w%5v%5u.2y%22 2k%m%1o%22 5t%m%1o%22 5s%m%1o%22 2j%m%5r%22 16%m%5q%22 15%m%5p%22 5o%2z%5n%5m%2z",5l:"w://v.u/d/1k/5k.2y",5j:[]},\'5i\':{"5h":"5g"},5f:"5e",5d:"w://v.u",5c:{},5b:l,1x:[0.25,0.50,0.75,1,1.25,1.5,2]});h 1m,1n,5a;h 59=0,58=0;h 7=g("1j");h 2x=0,57=0,56=0;$.55({54:{\'53-52\':\'2i-51\'}});7.j(\'4z\',6(x){c(5>0&&x.1l>=5&&1n!=1){1n=1;$(\'q.4y\').4x(\'4w\')}});7.j(\'13\',6(x){2x=x.1l});7.j(\'2g\',6(x){2w(x)});7.j(\'4v\',6(){$(\'q.2v\').4u()});6 2w(x){$(\'q.2v\').4t();c(1m)19;1m=1;17=0;c(4s.4r===l){17=1}$.4q(\'/2u?b=4p&2l=1k&4o=2t-4n-4m-2s-4l&4k=&4j=&4i=&17=\'+17,6(2r){$(\'#4h\').4g(2r)});$(\'.3-8-4f-4e:4d("4c")\').2h(6(e){2q();g().4b(0);g().4a(l)});6 2q(){h $14=$("<q />").2p({1l:"49",16:"r%",15:"r%",48:0,2n:0,2o:47,46:"45(10%, 10%, 10%, 0.4)","44-43":"42"});$("<41 />").2p({16:"60%",15:"60%",2o:40,"3z-2n":"3y"}).3x({\'2m\':\'/?b=3w&2l=1k\',\'2k\':\'0\',\'2j\':\'2i\'}).2f($14);$14.2h(6(){$(3v).3u();g().2g()});$14.2f($(\'#1j\'))}g().13(0);}6 3t(){h 9=7.1b(2e);2d.2c(9);c(9.n>1){1r(i=0;i<9.n;i++){c(9[i].1a==2e){2d.2c(\'!!=\'+i);7.1p(i)}}}}7.j(\'3s\',6(){g().1h("/2a/3r.29","3q 10 28",6(){g().13(g().27()+10)},"2b");$("q[26=2b]").23().21(\'.3-20-1z\');g().1h("/2a/3p.29","3o 10 28",6(){h 12=g().27()-10;c(12<0)12=0;g().13(12)},"24");$("q[26=24]").23().21(\'.3-20-1z\');});6 1i(){}7.j(\'3n\',6(){1i()});7.j(\'3m\',6(){1i()});7.j("k",6(y){h 9=7.1b();c(9.n<2)19;$(\'.3-8-3l-3k\').3j(6(){$(\'#3-8-a-k\').1e(\'3-8-a-z\');$(\'.3-a-k\').p(\'o-1f\',\'11\')});7.1h("/3i/3h.3g","3f 3e",6(){$(\'.3-1w\').3d(\'3-8-1v\');$(\'.3-8-1y, .3-8-1x\').p(\'o-1g\',\'11\');c($(\'.3-1w\').3c(\'3-8-1v\')){$(\'.3-a-k\').p(\'o-1g\',\'l\');$(\'.3-a-k\').p(\'o-1f\',\'l\');$(\'.3-8-a\').1e(\'3-8-a-z\');$(\'.3-8-a:1u\').3b(\'3-8-a-z\')}3a{$(\'.3-a-k\').p(\'o-1g\',\'11\');$(\'.3-a-k\').p(\'o-1f\',\'11\');$(\'.3-8-a:1u\').1e(\'3-8-a-z\')}},"39");7.j("38",6(y){1d.37(\'1c\',y.9[y.36].1a)});c(1d.1t(\'1c\')){35("1s(1d.1t(\'1c\'));",34)}});h 18;6 1s(1q){h 9=7.1b();c(9.n>1){1r(i=0;i<9.n;i++){c(9[i].1a==1q){c(i==18){19}18=i;7.1p(i)}}}}',36,270,'|||jw|||function|player|settings|tracks|submenu||if||||jwplayer|var||on|audioTracks|true|3D|length|aria|attr|div|100|||sx|filemoon|https||event|active||false|tt|seek|dd|height|width|adb|current_audio|return|name|getAudioTracks|default_audio|localStorage|removeClass|expanded|checked|addButton|callMeMaybe|vplayer|0fxcyc2ajhp1|position|vvplay|vvad|220|setCurrentAudioTrack|audio_name|for|audio_set|getItem|last|open|controls|playbackRates|captions|rewind|icon|insertAfter||detach|ff00||button|getPosition|sec|png|player8|ff11|log|console|track_name|appendTo|play|click|no|scrolling|frameborder|file_code|src|top|zIndex|css|showCCform|data|1662367683|383371|dl|video_ad|doPlay|prevt|mp4|3E||jpg|thumbs|file|300|setTimeout|currentTrack|setItem|audioTrackChanged|dualSound|else|addClass|hasClass|toggleClass|Track|Audio|svg|dualy|images|mousedown|buttons|topbar|playAttemptFailed|beforePlay|Rewind|fr|Forward|ff|ready|set_audio_track|remove|this|upload_srt|prop|50px|margin|1000001|iframe|center|align|text|rgba|background|1000000|left|absolute|pause|setCurrentCaptions|Upload|contains|item|content|html|fviews|referer|prem|embed|3e57249ef633e0d03bf76ceb8d8a4b65|216|83|hash|view|get|TokenZir|window|hide|show|complete|slow|fadeIn|video_ad_fadein|time||cache|Cache|Content|headers|ajaxSetup|v2done|tott|vastdone2|vastdone1|vvbefore|playbackRateControls|cast|aboutlink|FileMoon|abouttext|UHD|1870|qualityLabels|sites|GNOME_POWER|link|2Fiframe|3C|allowfullscreen|22360|22640|22no|marginheight|marginwidth|2FGNOME_POWER|2F0fxcyc2ajhp1|2Fe|2Ffilemoon|2F|3A||22https|3Ciframe|code|sharing|fontOpacity|backgroundOpacity|Tahoma|fontFamily|303030|backgroundColor|FFFFFF|color|userFontScale|thumbnails|kind|0fxcyc2ajhp10000|url|get_slides|start|startparam|none|preload|html5|primary|hlshtml|androidhls|duration|uniform|stretching|0fxcyc2ajhp1_xt|image|2048|sp|6871|asn|127|srv|43200|_g3XlBcu2lmD9oDexD2NLWSmah2Nu3XcDrl93m9PwXY|m3u8||master|0fxcyc2ajhp1_x|00076|01|hls2|to|s01|delivery|storage|moon|sources|setup'''.split('|')))  # noqa: SIM905
+        self.assertEqual(jsi.call_function('f', '''h 7=g("1j");7.7h({7g:[{33:"w://7f-7e-7d-7c.v.7b/7a/79/78/77/76.74?t=73&s=2s&e=72&f=2t&71=70.0.0.1&6z=6y&6x=6w"}],6v:"w://32.v.u/6u.31",16:"r%",15:"r%",6t:"6s",6r:"",6q:"l",6p:"l",6o:"6n",6m:\'6l\',6k:"6j",9:[{33:"/2u?b=6i&n=50&6h=w://32.v.u/6g.31",6f:"6e"}],1y:{6d:1,6c:\'#6b\',6a:\'#69\',68:"67",66:30,65:r,},"64":{63:"%62 2m%m%61%5z%5y%5x.u%5w%5v%5u.2y%22 2k%m%1o%22 5t%m%1o%22 5s%m%1o%22 2j%m%5r%22 16%m%5q%22 15%m%5p%22 5o%2z%5n%5m%2z",5l:"w://v.u/d/1k/5k.2y",5j:[]},\'5i\':{"5h":"5g"},5f:"5e",5d:"w://v.u",5c:{},5b:l,1x:[0.25,0.50,0.75,1,1.25,1.5,2]});h 1m,1n,5a;h 59=0,58=0;h 7=g("1j");h 2x=0,57=0,56=0;$.55({54:{\'53-52\':\'2i-51\'}});7.j(\'4z\',6(x){c(5>0&&x.1l>=5&&1n!=1){1n=1;$(\'q.4y\').4x(\'4w\')}});7.j(\'13\',6(x){2x=x.1l});7.j(\'2g\',6(x){2w(x)});7.j(\'4v\',6(){$(\'q.2v\').4u()});6 2w(x){$(\'q.2v\').4t();c(1m)19;1m=1;17=0;c(4s.4r===l){17=1}$.4q(\'/2u?b=4p&2l=1k&4o=2t-4n-4m-2s-4l&4k=&4j=&4i=&17=\'+17,6(2r){$(\'#4h\').4g(2r)});$(\'.3-8-4f-4e:4d("4c")\').2h(6(e){2q();g().4b(0);g().4a(l)});6 2q(){h $14=$("<q />").2p({1l:"49",16:"r%",15:"r%",48:0,2n:0,2o:47,46:"45(10%, 10%, 10%, 0.4)","44-43":"42"});$("<41 />").2p({16:"60%",15:"60%",2o:40,"3z-2n":"3y"}).3x({\'2m\':\'/?b=3w&2l=1k\',\'2k\':\'0\',\'2j\':\'2i\'}).2f($14);$14.2h(6(){$(3v).3u();g().2g()});$14.2f($(\'#1j\'))}g().13(0);}6 3t(){h 9=7.1b(2e);2d.2c(9);c(9.n>1){1r(i=0;i<9.n;i++){c(9[i].1a==2e){2d.2c(\'!!=\'+i);7.1p(i)}}}}7.j(\'3s\',6(){g().1h("/2a/3r.29","3q 10 28",6(){g().13(g().27()+10)},"2b");$("q[26=2b]").23().21(\'.3-20-1z\');g().1h("/2a/3p.29","3o 10 28",6(){h 12=g().27()-10;c(12<0)12=0;g().13(12)},"24");$("q[26=24]").23().21(\'.3-20-1z\');});6 1i(){}7.j(\'3n\',6(){1i()});7.j(\'3m\',6(){1i()});7.j("k",6(y){h 9=7.1b();c(9.n<2)19;$(\'.3-8-3l-3k\').3j(6(){$(\'#3-8-a-k\').1e(\'3-8-a-z\');$(\'.3-a-k\').p(\'o-1f\',\'11\')});7.1h("/3i/3h.3g","3f 3e",6(){$(\'.3-1w\').3d(\'3-8-1v\');$(\'.3-8-1y, .3-8-1x\').p(\'o-1g\',\'11\');c($(\'.3-1w\').3c(\'3-8-1v\')){$(\'.3-a-k\').p(\'o-1g\',\'l\');$(\'.3-a-k\').p(\'o-1f\',\'l\');$(\'.3-8-a\').1e(\'3-8-a-z\');$(\'.3-8-a:1u\').3b(\'3-8-a-z\')}3a{$(\'.3-a-k\').p(\'o-1g\',\'11\');$(\'.3-a-k\').p(\'o-1f\',\'11\');$(\'.3-8-a:1u\').1e(\'3-8-a-z\')}},"39");7.j("38",6(y){1d.37(\'1c\',y.9[y.36].1a)});c(1d.1t(\'1c\')){35("1s(1d.1t(\'1c\'));",34)}});h 18;6 1s(1q){h 9=7.1b();c(9.n>1){1r(i=0;i<9.n;i++){c(9[i].1a==1q){c(i==18){19}18=i;7.1p(i)}}}}',36,270,'|||jw|||function|player|settings|tracks|submenu||if||||jwplayer|var||on|audioTracks|true|3D|length|aria|attr|div|100|||sx|filemoon|https||event|active||false|tt|seek|dd|height|width|adb|current_audio|return|name|getAudioTracks|default_audio|localStorage|removeClass|expanded|checked|addButton|callMeMaybe|vplayer|0fxcyc2ajhp1|position|vvplay|vvad|220|setCurrentAudioTrack|audio_name|for|audio_set|getItem|last|open|controls|playbackRates|captions|rewind|icon|insertAfter||detach|ff00||button|getPosition|sec|png|player8|ff11|log|console|track_name|appendTo|play|click|no|scrolling|frameborder|file_code|src|top|zIndex|css|showCCform|data|1662367683|383371|dl|video_ad|doPlay|prevt|mp4|3E||jpg|thumbs|file|300|setTimeout|currentTrack|setItem|audioTrackChanged|dualSound|else|addClass|hasClass|toggleClass|Track|Audio|svg|dualy|images|mousedown|buttons|topbar|playAttemptFailed|beforePlay|Rewind|fr|Forward|ff|ready|set_audio_track|remove|this|upload_srt|prop|50px|margin|1000001|iframe|center|align|text|rgba|background|1000000|left|absolute|pause|setCurrentCaptions|Upload|contains|item|content|html|fviews|referer|prem|embed|3e57249ef633e0d03bf76ceb8d8a4b65|216|83|hash|view|get|TokenZir|window|hide|show|complete|slow|fadeIn|video_ad_fadein|time||cache|Cache|Content|headers|ajaxSetup|v2done|tott|vastdone2|vastdone1|vvbefore|playbackRateControls|cast|aboutlink|FileMoon|abouttext|UHD|1870|qualityLabels|sites|GNOME_POWER|link|2Fiframe|3C|allowfullscreen|22360|22640|22no|marginheight|marginwidth|2FGNOME_POWER|2F0fxcyc2ajhp1|2Fe|2Ffilemoon|2F|3A||22https|3Ciframe|code|sharing|fontOpacity|backgroundOpacity|Tahoma|fontFamily|303030|backgroundColor|FFFFFF|color|userFontScale|thumbnails|kind|0fxcyc2ajhp10000|url|get_slides|start|startparam|none|preload|html5|primary|hlshtml|androidhls|duration|uniform|stretching|0fxcyc2ajhp1_xt|image|2048|sp|6871|asn|127|srv|43200|_g3XlBcu2lmD9oDexD2NLWSmah2Nu3XcDrl93m9PwXY|m3u8||master|0fxcyc2ajhp1_x|00076|01|hls2|to|s01|delivery|storage|moon|sources|setup'''.split('|')))
    def test_join(self):
        test_input = list('test')
@ -404,8 +403,6 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
        test_result = list('test')
        tests = [
            'function f(a, b){return a.split(b)}',
            'function f(a, b){return a["split"](b)}',
            'function f(a, b){let x = ["split"]; return a[x[0]](b)}',
            'function f(a, b){return String.prototype.split.call(a, b)}',
            'function f(a, b){return String.prototype.split.apply(a, [b])}',
        ]
@ -444,9 +441,6 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
        self._test('function f(){return "012345678".slice(-1, 1)}', '')
        self._test('function f(){return "012345678".slice(-3, -1)}', '67')
    def test_splice(self):
        self._test('function f(){var T = ["0", "1", "2"]; T["splice"](2, 1, "0")[0]; return T }', ['0', '1', '0'])
    def test_js_number_to_string(self):
        for test, radix, expected in [
            (0, None, '0'),
@ -468,16 +462,6 @@ class TestJSInterpreter(unittest.TestCase):
        ]:
            assert js_number_to_string(test, radix) == expected
    def test_extract_function(self):
        jsi = JSInterpreter('function a(b) { return b + 1; }')
        func = jsi.extract_function('a')
        self.assertEqual(func([2]), 3)
    def test_extract_function_with_global_stack(self):
        jsi = JSInterpreter('function c(d) { return d + e + f + g; }')
        func = jsi.extract_function('c', {'e': 10}, {'f': 100, 'g': 1000})
        self.assertEqual(func([1]), 1111)
 if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()
--- a/test/test_networking.py
+++ b/test/test_networking.py
@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ from yt_dlp.cookies import YoutubeDLCookieJar
 from yt_dlp.dependencies import brotli, curl_cffi, requests, urllib3
 from yt_dlp.networking import (
    HEADRequest,
    PATCHRequest,
    PUTRequest,
    Request,
    RequestDirector,
@ -615,6 +614,7 @@ class TestHTTPRequestHandler(TestRequestHandlerBase):
                rh, Request(f'http://127.0.0.1:{self.http_port}/source_address')).read().decode()
            assert source_address == data
    # Not supported by CurlCFFI
    @pytest.mark.skip_handler('CurlCFFI', 'not supported by curl-cffi')
    def test_gzip_trailing_garbage(self, handler):
        with handler() as rh:
@ -720,15 +720,6 @@ class TestHTTPRequestHandler(TestRequestHandlerBase):
                    rh, Request(
                        f'http://127.0.0.1:{self.http_port}/headers', proxies={'all': 'http://10.255.255.255'})).close()
    @pytest.mark.skip_handlers_if(lambda _, handler: handler not in ['Urllib', 'CurlCFFI'], 'handler does not support keep_header_casing')
    def test_keep_header_casing(self, handler):
        with handler() as rh:
            res = validate_and_send(
                rh, Request(
                    f'http://127.0.0.1:{self.http_port}/headers', headers={'X-test-heaDer': 'test'}, extensions={'keep_header_casing': True})).read().decode()
            assert 'X-test-heaDer: test' in res
@pytest.mark.parametrize('handler', ['Urllib', 'Requests', 'CurlCFFI'], indirect=True)
 class TestClientCertificate:
@ -1298,7 +1289,6 @@ class TestRequestHandlerValidation:
            ({'legacy_ssl': False}, False),
            ({'legacy_ssl': True}, False),
            ({'legacy_ssl': 'notabool'}, AssertionError),
            ({'keep_header_casing': True}, UnsupportedRequest),
        ]),
        ('Requests', 'http', [
            ({'cookiejar': 'notacookiejar'}, AssertionError),
@ -1309,9 +1299,6 @@ class TestRequestHandlerValidation:
            ({'legacy_ssl': False}, False),
            ({'legacy_ssl': True}, False),
            ({'legacy_ssl': 'notabool'}, AssertionError),
            ({'keep_header_casing': False}, False),
            ({'keep_header_casing': True}, False),
            ({'keep_header_casing': 'notabool'}, AssertionError),
        ]),
        ('CurlCFFI', 'http', [
            ({'cookiejar': 'notacookiejar'}, AssertionError),
@ -1857,7 +1844,6 @@ class TestRequest:
    def test_request_helpers(self):
        assert HEADRequest('http://example.com').method == 'HEAD'
        assert PATCHRequest('http://example.com').method == 'PATCH'
        assert PUTRequest('http://example.com').method == 'PUT'
    def test_headers(self):
--- a/test/test_plugins.py
+++ b/test/test_plugins.py
@ -10,71 +10,22 @@ TEST_DATA_DIR = Path(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), 'testdata')
 sys.path.append(str(TEST_DATA_DIR))
 importlib.invalidate_caches()
-from yt_dlp.plugins import (
+from yt_dlp.utils import Config
-    PACKAGE_NAME,
+from yt_dlp.plugins import PACKAGE_NAME, directories, load_plugins
    PluginSpec,
    directories,
    load_plugins,
    load_all_plugins,
    register_plugin_spec,
 )
 from yt_dlp.globals import (
    extractors,
    postprocessors,
    plugin_dirs,
    plugin_ies,
    plugin_pps,
    all_plugins_loaded,
    plugin_specs,
 )
 EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC = PluginSpec(
    module_name='extractor',
    suffix='IE',
    destination=extractors,
    plugin_destination=plugin_ies,
 )
 POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC = PluginSpec(
    module_name='postprocessor',
    suffix='PP',
    destination=postprocessors,
    plugin_destination=plugin_pps,
 )
 def reset_plugins():
    plugin_ies.value = {}
    plugin_pps.value = {}
    plugin_dirs.value = ['default']
    plugin_specs.value = {}
    all_plugins_loaded.value = False
    # Clearing override plugins is probably difficult
    for module_name in tuple(sys.modules):
        for plugin_type in ('extractor', 'postprocessor'):
            if module_name.startswith(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.{plugin_type}.'):
                del sys.modules[module_name]
    importlib.invalidate_caches()
 class TestPlugins(unittest.TestCase):
    TEST_PLUGIN_DIR = TEST_DATA_DIR / PACKAGE_NAME
    def setUp(self):
        reset_plugins()
    def tearDown(self):
        reset_plugins()
    def test_directories_containing_plugins(self):
        self.assertIn(self.TEST_PLUGIN_DIR, map(Path, directories()))
    def test_extractor_classes(self):
-        plugins_ie = load_plugins(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+        for module_name in tuple(sys.modules):
            if module_name.startswith(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor'):
                del sys.modules[module_name]
        plugins_ie = load_plugins('extractor', 'IE')
        self.assertIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
        self.assertIn('NormalPluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
@ -84,29 +35,17 @@ class TestPlugins(unittest.TestCase):
            f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor._ignore' in sys.modules,
            'loaded module beginning with underscore')
        self.assertNotIn('IgnorePluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
        self.assertNotIn('IgnorePluginIE', plugin_ies.value)
        # Don't load extractors with underscore prefix
        self.assertNotIn('_IgnoreUnderscorePluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
        self.assertNotIn('_IgnoreUnderscorePluginIE', plugin_ies.value)
        # Don't load extractors not specified in __all__ (if supplied)
        self.assertNotIn('IgnoreNotInAllPluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
        self.assertNotIn('IgnoreNotInAllPluginIE', plugin_ies.value)
        self.assertIn('InAllPluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
        self.assertIn('InAllPluginIE', plugin_ies.value)
        # Don't load override extractors
        self.assertNotIn('OverrideGenericIE', plugins_ie.keys())
        self.assertNotIn('OverrideGenericIE', plugin_ies.value)
        self.assertNotIn('_UnderscoreOverrideGenericIE', plugins_ie.keys())
        self.assertNotIn('_UnderscoreOverrideGenericIE', plugin_ies.value)
    def test_postprocessor_classes(self):
-        plugins_pp = load_plugins(POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+        plugins_pp = load_plugins('postprocessor', 'PP')
        self.assertIn('NormalPluginPP', plugins_pp.keys())
        self.assertIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.postprocessor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
        self.assertIn('NormalPluginPP', plugin_pps.value)
    def test_importing_zipped_module(self):
        zip_path = TEST_DATA_DIR / 'zipped_plugins.zip'
@ -119,10 +58,10 @@ class TestPlugins(unittest.TestCase):
                package = importlib.import_module(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.{plugin_type}')
                self.assertIn(zip_path / PACKAGE_NAME / plugin_type, map(Path, package.__path__))
-            plugins_ie = load_plugins(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+            plugins_ie = load_plugins('extractor', 'IE')
            self.assertIn('ZippedPluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
-            plugins_pp = load_plugins(POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+            plugins_pp = load_plugins('postprocessor', 'PP')
            self.assertIn('ZippedPluginPP', plugins_pp.keys())
        finally:
@ -130,116 +69,23 @@ class TestPlugins(unittest.TestCase):
            os.remove(zip_path)
            importlib.invalidate_caches()  # reset the import caches
-    def test_reloading_plugins(self):
+    def test_plugin_dirs(self):
-        reload_plugins_path = TEST_DATA_DIR / 'reload_plugins'
+        # Internal plugin dirs hack for CLI --plugin-dirs
-        load_plugins(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+        # To be replaced with proper system later
-        load_plugins(POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+        custom_plugin_dir = TEST_DATA_DIR / 'plugin_packages'
        Config._plugin_dirs = [str(custom_plugin_dir)]
        importlib.invalidate_caches()  # reset the import caches
        # Remove default folder and add reload_plugin path
        sys.path.remove(str(TEST_DATA_DIR))
        sys.path.append(str(reload_plugins_path))
        importlib.invalidate_caches()
        try:
-            for plugin_type in ('extractor', 'postprocessor'):
+            package = importlib.import_module(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor')
-                package = importlib.import_module(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.{plugin_type}')
+            self.assertIn(custom_plugin_dir / 'testpackage' / PACKAGE_NAME / 'extractor', map(Path, package.__path__))
                self.assertIn(reload_plugins_path / PACKAGE_NAME / plugin_type, map(Path, package.__path__))
-            plugins_ie = load_plugins(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
+            plugins_ie = load_plugins('extractor', 'IE')
-            self.assertIn('NormalPluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
+            self.assertIn('PackagePluginIE', plugins_ie.keys())
            self.assertTrue(
                plugins_ie['NormalPluginIE'].REPLACED,
                msg='Reloading has not replaced original extractor plugin')
            self.assertTrue(
                extractors.value['NormalPluginIE'].REPLACED,
                msg='Reloading has not replaced original extractor plugin globally')
            plugins_pp = load_plugins(POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
            self.assertIn('NormalPluginPP', plugins_pp.keys())
            self.assertTrue(plugins_pp['NormalPluginPP'].REPLACED,
                            msg='Reloading has not replaced original postprocessor plugin')
            self.assertTrue(
                postprocessors.value['NormalPluginPP'].REPLACED,
                msg='Reloading has not replaced original postprocessor plugin globally')
        finally:
-            sys.path.remove(str(reload_plugins_path))
+            Config._plugin_dirs = []
-            sys.path.append(str(TEST_DATA_DIR))
+            importlib.invalidate_caches()  # reset the import caches
            importlib.invalidate_caches()
    def test_extractor_override_plugin(self):
        load_plugins(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        from yt_dlp.extractor.generic import GenericIE
        self.assertEqual(GenericIE.TEST_FIELD, 'override')
        self.assertEqual(GenericIE.SECONDARY_TEST_FIELD, 'underscore-override')
        self.assertEqual(GenericIE.IE_NAME, 'generic+override+underscore-override')
        importlib.invalidate_caches()
        #  test that loading a second time doesn't wrap a second time
        load_plugins(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        from yt_dlp.extractor.generic import GenericIE
        self.assertEqual(GenericIE.IE_NAME, 'generic+override+underscore-override')
    def test_load_all_plugin_types(self):
        # no plugin specs registered
        load_all_plugins()
        self.assertNotIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
        self.assertNotIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.postprocessor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
        register_plugin_spec(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        register_plugin_spec(POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        load_all_plugins()
        self.assertTrue(all_plugins_loaded.value)
        self.assertIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
        self.assertIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.postprocessor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
    def test_no_plugin_dirs(self):
        register_plugin_spec(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        register_plugin_spec(POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        plugin_dirs.value = []
        load_all_plugins()
        self.assertNotIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
        self.assertNotIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.postprocessor.normal', sys.modules.keys())
    def test_set_plugin_dirs(self):
        custom_plugin_dir = str(TEST_DATA_DIR / 'plugin_packages')
        plugin_dirs.value = [custom_plugin_dir]
        load_plugins(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        self.assertIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor.package', sys.modules.keys())
        self.assertIn('PackagePluginIE', plugin_ies.value)
    def test_invalid_plugin_dir(self):
        plugin_dirs.value = ['invalid_dir']
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
            load_plugins(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
    def test_append_plugin_dirs(self):
        custom_plugin_dir = str(TEST_DATA_DIR / 'plugin_packages')
        self.assertEqual(plugin_dirs.value, ['default'])
        plugin_dirs.value.append(custom_plugin_dir)
        self.assertEqual(plugin_dirs.value, ['default', custom_plugin_dir])
        load_plugins(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        self.assertIn(f'{PACKAGE_NAME}.extractor.package', sys.modules.keys())
        self.assertIn('PackagePluginIE', plugin_ies.value)
    def test_get_plugin_spec(self):
        register_plugin_spec(EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        register_plugin_spec(POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        self.assertEqual(plugin_specs.value.get('extractor'), EXTRACTOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        self.assertEqual(plugin_specs.value.get('postprocessor'), POSTPROCESSOR_PLUGIN_SPEC)
        self.assertIsNone(plugin_specs.value.get('invalid'))
 if __name__ == '__main__':
--- a/test/test_subtitles.py
+++ b/test/test_subtitles.py
@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ from yt_dlp.extractor import (
    TedTalkIE,
    ThePlatformFeedIE,
    ThePlatformIE,
    VikiIE,
    VimeoIE,
    WallaIE,
    YoutubeIE,
@ -330,6 +331,20 @@ class TestRaiPlaySubtitles(BaseTestSubtitles):
        self.assertEqual(md5(subtitles['it']), '4b3264186fbb103508abe5311cfcb9cd')
@is_download_test
@unittest.skip('IE broken - DRM only')
 class TestVikiSubtitles(BaseTestSubtitles):
    url = 'http://www.viki.com/videos/1060846v-punch-episode-18'
    IE = VikiIE
    def test_allsubtitles(self):
        self.DL.params['writesubtitles'] = True
        self.DL.params['allsubtitles'] = True
        subtitles = self.getSubtitles()
        self.assertEqual(set(subtitles.keys()), {'en'})
        self.assertEqual(md5(subtitles['en']), '53cb083a5914b2d84ef1ab67b880d18a')
@is_download_test
 class TestThePlatformSubtitles(BaseTestSubtitles):
    # from http://www.3playmedia.com/services-features/tools/integrations/theplatform/
--- a/test/test_utils.py
+++ b/test/test_utils.py
@ -3,20 +3,19 @@
 # Allow direct execution
 import os
 import sys
 import unittest
 import unittest.mock
 import warnings
 import datetime as dt
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
 import contextlib
 import datetime as dt
 import io
 import itertools
 import json
 import pickle
 import subprocess
 import unittest
 import unittest.mock
 import warnings
 import xml.etree.ElementTree
 from yt_dlp.compat import (
@ -219,8 +218,11 @@ class TestUtil(unittest.TestCase):
        self.assertEqual(sanitize_filename('_BD_eEpuzXw', is_id=True), '_BD_eEpuzXw')
        self.assertEqual(sanitize_filename('N0Y__7-UOdI', is_id=True), 'N0Y__7-UOdI')
    @unittest.mock.patch('sys.platform', 'win32')
    def test_sanitize_path(self):
        with unittest.mock.patch('sys.platform', 'win32'):
            self._test_sanitize_path()
    def _test_sanitize_path(self):
        self.assertEqual(sanitize_path('abc'), 'abc')
        self.assertEqual(sanitize_path('abc/def'), 'abc\\def')
        self.assertEqual(sanitize_path('abc\\def'), 'abc\\def')
@ -251,8 +253,10 @@ class TestUtil(unittest.TestCase):
        # Check with nt._path_normpath if available
        try:
-            from nt import _path_normpath as nt_path_normpath
+            import nt
-        except ImportError:
+
            nt_path_normpath = getattr(nt, '_path_normpath', None)
        except Exception:
            nt_path_normpath = None
        for test, expected in [
@ -659,8 +663,6 @@ class TestUtil(unittest.TestCase):
        self.assertEqual(url_or_none('mms://foo.de'), 'mms://foo.de')
        self.assertEqual(url_or_none('rtspu://foo.de'), 'rtspu://foo.de')
        self.assertEqual(url_or_none('ftps://foo.de'), 'ftps://foo.de')
        self.assertEqual(url_or_none('ws://foo.de'), 'ws://foo.de')
        self.assertEqual(url_or_none('wss://foo.de'), 'wss://foo.de')
    def test_parse_age_limit(self):
        self.assertEqual(parse_age_limit(None), None)
@ -1262,7 +1264,6 @@ class TestUtil(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_js_to_json_malformed(self):
        self.assertEqual(js_to_json('42a1'), '42"a1"')
        self.assertEqual(js_to_json('42a-1'), '42"a"-1')
        self.assertEqual(js_to_json('{a: `${e("")}`}'), '{"a": "\\"e\\"(\\"\\")"}')
    def test_js_to_json_template_literal(self):
        self.assertEqual(js_to_json('`Hello ${name}`', {'name': '"world"'}), '"Hello world"')
@ -2086,26 +2087,21 @@ Line 1
        headers = HTTPHeaderDict()
        headers['ytdl-test'] = b'0'
        self.assertEqual(list(headers.items()), [('Ytdl-Test', '0')])
        self.assertEqual(list(headers.sensitive().items()), [('ytdl-test', '0')])
        headers['ytdl-test'] = 1
        self.assertEqual(list(headers.items()), [('Ytdl-Test', '1')])
        self.assertEqual(list(headers.sensitive().items()), [('ytdl-test', '1')])
        headers['Ytdl-test'] = '2'
        self.assertEqual(list(headers.items()), [('Ytdl-Test', '2')])
        self.assertEqual(list(headers.sensitive().items()), [('Ytdl-test', '2')])
        self.assertTrue('ytDl-Test' in headers)
        self.assertEqual(str(headers), str(dict(headers)))
        self.assertEqual(repr(headers), str(dict(headers)))
        headers.update({'X-dlp': 'data'})
        self.assertEqual(set(headers.items()), {('Ytdl-Test', '2'), ('X-Dlp', 'data')})
        self.assertEqual(set(headers.sensitive().items()), {('Ytdl-test', '2'), ('X-dlp', 'data')})
        self.assertEqual(dict(headers), {'Ytdl-Test': '2', 'X-Dlp': 'data'})
        self.assertEqual(len(headers), 2)
        self.assertEqual(headers.copy(), headers)
-        headers2 = HTTPHeaderDict({'X-dlp': 'data3'}, headers, **{'X-dlP': 'data2'})
+        headers2 = HTTPHeaderDict({'X-dlp': 'data3'}, **headers, **{'X-dlp': 'data2'})
        self.assertEqual(set(headers2.items()), {('Ytdl-Test', '2'), ('X-Dlp', 'data2')})
        self.assertEqual(set(headers2.sensitive().items()), {('Ytdl-test', '2'), ('X-dlP', 'data2')})
        self.assertEqual(len(headers2), 2)
        headers2.clear()
        self.assertEqual(len(headers2), 0)
@ -2113,23 +2109,16 @@ Line 1
        # ensure we prefer latter headers
        headers3 = HTTPHeaderDict({'Ytdl-TeSt': 1}, {'Ytdl-test': 2})
        self.assertEqual(set(headers3.items()), {('Ytdl-Test', '2')})
        self.assertEqual(set(headers3.sensitive().items()), {('Ytdl-test', '2')})
        del headers3['ytdl-tesT']
        self.assertEqual(dict(headers3), {})
        headers4 = HTTPHeaderDict({'ytdl-test': 'data;'})
        self.assertEqual(set(headers4.items()), {('Ytdl-Test', 'data;')})
        self.assertEqual(set(headers4.sensitive().items()), {('ytdl-test', 'data;')})
        # common mistake: strip whitespace from values
        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/8729
        headers5 = HTTPHeaderDict({'ytdl-test': ' data; '})
        self.assertEqual(set(headers5.items()), {('Ytdl-Test', 'data;')})
        self.assertEqual(set(headers5.sensitive().items()), {('ytdl-test', 'data;')})
        # test if picklable
        headers6 = HTTPHeaderDict(a=1, b=2)
        self.assertEqual(pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(headers6)), headers6)
    def test_extract_basic_auth(self):
        assert extract_basic_auth('http://:foo.bar') == ('http://:foo.bar', None)
--- a/test/test_websockets.py
+++ b/test/test_websockets.py
@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def websocket_handler(websocket):
                return websocket.send('2')
        elif isinstance(message, str):
            if message == 'headers':
-                return websocket.send(json.dumps(dict(websocket.request.headers.raw_items())))
+                return websocket.send(json.dumps(dict(websocket.request.headers)))
            elif message == 'path':
                return websocket.send(websocket.request.path)
            elif message == 'source_address':
@ -266,18 +266,18 @@ class TestWebsSocketRequestHandlerConformance:
        with handler(cookiejar=cookiejar) as rh:
            ws = ws_validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url))
            ws.send('headers')
-            assert HTTPHeaderDict(json.loads(ws.recv()))['cookie'] == 'test=ytdlp'
+            assert json.loads(ws.recv())['cookie'] == 'test=ytdlp'
            ws.close()
        with handler() as rh:
            ws = ws_validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url))
            ws.send('headers')
-            assert 'cookie' not in HTTPHeaderDict(json.loads(ws.recv()))
+            assert 'cookie' not in json.loads(ws.recv())
            ws.close()
            ws = ws_validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url, extensions={'cookiejar': cookiejar}))
            ws.send('headers')
-            assert HTTPHeaderDict(json.loads(ws.recv()))['cookie'] == 'test=ytdlp'
+            assert json.loads(ws.recv())['cookie'] == 'test=ytdlp'
            ws.close()
    @pytest.mark.skip_handler('Websockets', 'Set-Cookie not supported by websockets')
@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ class TestWebsSocketRequestHandlerConformance:
            ws_validate_and_send(rh, Request(f'{self.ws_base_url}/get_cookie', extensions={'cookiejar': YoutubeDLCookieJar()}))
            ws = ws_validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url, extensions={'cookiejar': YoutubeDLCookieJar()}))
            ws.send('headers')
-            assert 'cookie' not in HTTPHeaderDict(json.loads(ws.recv()))
+            assert 'cookie' not in json.loads(ws.recv())
            ws.close()
    @pytest.mark.skip_handler('Websockets', 'Set-Cookie not supported by websockets')
@ -298,12 +298,12 @@ class TestWebsSocketRequestHandlerConformance:
            ws_validate_and_send(rh, Request(f'{self.ws_base_url}/get_cookie'))
            ws = ws_validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url))
            ws.send('headers')
-            assert HTTPHeaderDict(json.loads(ws.recv()))['cookie'] == 'test=ytdlp'
+            assert json.loads(ws.recv())['cookie'] == 'test=ytdlp'
            ws.close()
            cookiejar.clear_session_cookies()
            ws = ws_validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url))
            ws.send('headers')
-            assert 'cookie' not in HTTPHeaderDict(json.loads(ws.recv()))
+            assert 'cookie' not in json.loads(ws.recv())
            ws.close()
    def test_source_address(self, handler):
@ -341,14 +341,6 @@ class TestWebsSocketRequestHandlerConformance:
            assert headers['test3'] == 'test3'
            ws.close()
    def test_keep_header_casing(self, handler):
        with handler(headers=HTTPHeaderDict({'x-TeSt1': 'test'})) as rh:
            ws = ws_validate_and_send(rh, Request(self.ws_base_url, headers={'x-TeSt2': 'test'}, extensions={'keep_header_casing': True}))
            ws.send('headers')
            headers = json.loads(ws.recv())
            assert 'x-TeSt1' in headers
            assert 'x-TeSt2' in headers
    @pytest.mark.parametrize('client_cert', (
        {'client_certificate': os.path.join(MTLS_CERT_DIR, 'clientwithkey.crt')},
        {
--- a/test/test_youtube_signature.py
+++ b/test/test_youtube_signature.py
@ -78,61 +78,6 @@ _SIG_TESTS = [
        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
        '0QJ8wRAIgXmPlOPSBkkUs1bYFYlJCfe29xxAj7v1pDL0QwbdV96sCIEzpWqMGkFR20CFOg51Tp-7vj_EMu-m37KtXJ2OySqa0q',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/643afba4/tv-player-ias.vflset/tv-player-ias.js',
        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
        'AAOAOq0QJ8wRAIgXmPlOPSBkkUs1bYFYlJCfe29xx8j7vgpDL0QwbdV06sCIEzpWqMGkFR20CFOS21Tp-7vj_EMu-m37KtXJoOy1',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/363db69b/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
        '0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpz2ICs6EVdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/363db69b/player_ias_tce.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
        '0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpz2ICs6EVdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/4fcd6e4a/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
        'wAOAOq0QJ8ARAIgXmPlOPSBkkUs1bYFYlJCfe29xx8q7v1pDL0QwbdV96sCIEzpWqMGkFR20CFOg51Tp-7vj_EMu-m37KtXJoOySqa0',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/4fcd6e4a/player_ias_tce.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
        'wAOAOq0QJ8ARAIgXmPlOPSBkkUs1bYFYlJCfe29xx8q7v1pDL0QwbdV96sCIEzpWqMGkFR20CFOg51Tp-7vj_EMu-m37KtXJoOySqa0',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/20830619/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
        '7AOq0QJ8wRAIgXmPlOPSBkkAs1bYFYlJCfe29xx8jOv1pDL0Q2bdV96sCIEzpWqMGkFR20CFOg51Tp-7vj_EMu-m37KtXJoOySqa0qaw',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/20830619/player_ias_tce.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
        '7AOq0QJ8wRAIgXmPlOPSBkkAs1bYFYlJCfe29xx8jOv1pDL0Q2bdV96sCIEzpWqMGkFR20CFOg51Tp-7vj_EMu-m37KtXJoOySqa0qaw',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/20830619/player-plasma-ias-phone-en_US.vflset/base.js',
        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
        '7AOq0QJ8wRAIgXmPlOPSBkkAs1bYFYlJCfe29xx8jOv1pDL0Q2bdV96sCIEzpWqMGkFR20CFOg51Tp-7vj_EMu-m37KtXJoOySqa0qaw',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/20830619/player-plasma-ias-tablet-en_US.vflset/base.js',
        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
        '7AOq0QJ8wRAIgXmPlOPSBkkAs1bYFYlJCfe29xx8jOv1pDL0Q2bdV96sCIEzpWqMGkFR20CFOg51Tp-7vj_EMu-m37KtXJoOySqa0qaw',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/8a8ac953/player_ias_tce.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
        'IAOAOq0QJ8wRAAgXmPlOPSBkkUs1bYFYlJCfe29xx8j7v1pDL0QwbdV96sCIEzpWqMGkFR20CFOg51Tp-7vj_E2u-m37KtXJoOySqa0',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/8a8ac953/tv-player-es6.vflset/tv-player-es6.js',
        '2aq0aqSyOoJXtK73m-uME_jv7-pT15gOFC02RFkGMqWpzEICs69VdbwQ0LDp1v7j8xx92efCJlYFYb1sUkkBSPOlPmXgIARw8JQ0qOAOAA',
        'IAOAOq0QJ8wRAAgXmPlOPSBkkUs1bYFYlJCfe29xx8j7v1pDL0QwbdV96sCIEzpWqMGkFR20CFOg51Tp-7vj_E2u-m37KtXJoOySqa0',
    ),
 ]
 _NSIG_TESTS = [
@ -260,62 +205,6 @@ _NSIG_TESTS = [
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/9c6dfc4a/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'jbu7ylIosQHyJyJV', 'uwI0ESiynAmhNg',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/e7567ecf/player_ias_tce.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'Sy4aDGc0VpYRR9ew_', '5UPOT1VhoZxNLQ',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/d50f54ef/player_ias_tce.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'Ha7507LzRmH3Utygtj', 'XFTb2HoeOE5MHg',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/074a8365/player_ias_tce.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'Ha7507LzRmH3Utygtj', 'ufTsrE0IVYrkl8v',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/643afba4/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'N5uAlLqm0eg1GyHO', 'dCBQOejdq5s-ww',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/69f581a5/tv-player-ias.vflset/tv-player-ias.js',
        '-qIP447rVlTTwaZjY', 'KNcGOksBAvwqQg',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/643afba4/tv-player-ias.vflset/tv-player-ias.js',
        'ir9-V6cdbCiyKxhr', '2PL7ZDYAALMfmA',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/363db69b/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'eWYu5d5YeY_4LyEDc', 'XJQqf-N7Xra3gg',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/4fcd6e4a/player_ias.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'o_L251jm8yhZkWtBW', 'lXoxI3XvToqn6A',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/4fcd6e4a/player_ias_tce.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'o_L251jm8yhZkWtBW', 'lXoxI3XvToqn6A',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/20830619/tv-player-ias.vflset/tv-player-ias.js',
        'ir9-V6cdbCiyKxhr', '9YE85kNjZiS4',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/20830619/player-plasma-ias-phone-en_US.vflset/base.js',
        'ir9-V6cdbCiyKxhr', '9YE85kNjZiS4',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/20830619/player-plasma-ias-tablet-en_US.vflset/base.js',
        'ir9-V6cdbCiyKxhr', '9YE85kNjZiS4',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/8a8ac953/player_ias_tce.vflset/en_US/base.js',
        'MiBYeXx_vRREbiCCmh', 'RtZYMVvmkE0JE',
    ),
    (
        'https://www.youtube.com/s/player/8a8ac953/tv-player-es6.vflset/tv-player-es6.js',
        'MiBYeXx_vRREbiCCmh', 'RtZYMVvmkE0JE',
    ),
 ]
@ -329,8 +218,6 @@ class TestPlayerInfo(unittest.TestCase):
            ('https://www.youtube.com/s/player/64dddad9/player-plasma-ias-phone-en_US.vflset/base.js', '64dddad9'),
            ('https://www.youtube.com/s/player/64dddad9/player-plasma-ias-phone-de_DE.vflset/base.js', '64dddad9'),
            ('https://www.youtube.com/s/player/64dddad9/player-plasma-ias-tablet-en_US.vflset/base.js', '64dddad9'),
            ('https://www.youtube.com/s/player/e7567ecf/player_ias_tce.vflset/en_US/base.js', 'e7567ecf'),
            ('https://www.youtube.com/s/player/643afba4/tv-player-ias.vflset/tv-player-ias.js', '643afba4'),
            # obsolete
            ('https://www.youtube.com/yts/jsbin/player_ias-vfle4-e03/en_US/base.js', 'vfle4-e03'),
            ('https://www.youtube.com/yts/jsbin/player_ias-vfl49f_g4/en_US/base.js', 'vfl49f_g4'),
@ -363,51 +250,46 @@ def t_factory(name, sig_func, url_pattern):
    def make_tfunc(url, sig_input, expected_sig):
        m = url_pattern.match(url)
        assert m, f'{url!r} should follow URL format'
-        test_id = re.sub(r'[/.-]', '_', m.group('id') or m.group('compat_id'))
+        test_id = m.group('id')
        def test_func(self):
-            basename = f'player-{test_id}.js'
+            basename = f'player-{name}-{test_id}.js'
            fn = os.path.join(self.TESTDATA_DIR, basename)
            if not os.path.exists(fn):
                urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, fn)
            with open(fn, encoding='utf-8') as testf:
                jscode = testf.read()
-            self.assertEqual(sig_func(jscode, sig_input, url), expected_sig)
+            self.assertEqual(sig_func(jscode, sig_input), expected_sig)
        test_func.__name__ = f'test_{name}_js_{test_id}'
        setattr(TestSignature, test_func.__name__, test_func)
    return make_tfunc
-def signature(jscode, sig_input, player_url):
+def signature(jscode, sig_input):
-    func = YoutubeIE(FakeYDL())._parse_sig_js(jscode, player_url)
+    func = YoutubeIE(FakeYDL())._parse_sig_js(jscode)
    src_sig = (
        str(string.printable[:sig_input])
        if isinstance(sig_input, int) else sig_input)
    return func(src_sig)
-def n_sig(jscode, sig_input, player_url):
+def n_sig(jscode, sig_input):
    ie = YoutubeIE(FakeYDL())
-    funcname = ie._extract_n_function_name(jscode, player_url=player_url)
+    funcname = ie._extract_n_function_name(jscode)
    jsi = JSInterpreter(jscode)
-    func = jsi.extract_function_from_code(*ie._fixup_n_function_code(*jsi.extract_function_code(funcname), jscode, player_url))
+    func = jsi.extract_function_from_code(*ie._fixup_n_function_code(*jsi.extract_function_code(funcname)))
    return func([sig_input])
 make_sig_test = t_factory(
-    'signature', signature,
+    'signature', signature, re.compile(r'.*(?:-|/player/)(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/.+\.js|(?:/watch_as3|/html5player)?\.[a-z]+)$'))
    re.compile(r'''(?x)
        .+(?:
            /player/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_/.-]+)|
            /html5player-(?:en_US-)?(?P<compat_id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)(?:/watch_as3|/html5player)?
        )\.js$'''))
 for test_spec in _SIG_TESTS:
    make_sig_test(*test_spec)
 make_nsig_test = t_factory(
-    'nsig', n_sig, re.compile(r'.+/player/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_/.-]+)\.js$'))
+    'nsig', n_sig, re.compile(r'.+/player/(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/.+.js$'))
 for test_spec in _NSIG_TESTS:
    make_nsig_test(*test_spec)
--- a/test/testdata/plugin_packages/testpackage/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/package.py
+++ b/test/testdata/plugin_packages/testpackage/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/package.py
@ -2,5 +2,4 @@ from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor
 class PackagePluginIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = 'package'
    pass
--- a/test/testdata/reload_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/normal.py
+++ b/test/testdata/reload_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/normal.py
@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
 from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor
 class NormalPluginIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = 'normal'
    REPLACED = True
 class _IgnoreUnderscorePluginIE(InfoExtractor):
    pass
--- a/test/testdata/reload_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/postprocessor/normal.py
+++ b/test/testdata/reload_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/postprocessor/normal.py
@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
 from yt_dlp.postprocessor.common import PostProcessor
 class NormalPluginPP(PostProcessor):
    REPLACED = True
--- a/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/ignore.py
+++ b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/ignore.py
@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ class IgnoreNotInAllPluginIE(InfoExtractor):
 class InAllPluginIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = 'inallpluginie'
    pass
--- a/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/normal.py
+++ b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/normal.py
@ -2,10 +2,8 @@ from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor
 class NormalPluginIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = 'normalpluginie'
+    pass
    REPLACED = False
 class _IgnoreUnderscorePluginIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = 'ignoreunderscorepluginie'
    pass
--- a/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/override.py
+++ b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/override.py
@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
 from yt_dlp.extractor.generic import GenericIE
 class OverrideGenericIE(GenericIE, plugin_name='override'):
    TEST_FIELD = 'override'
--- a/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/overridetwo.py
+++ b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/overridetwo.py
@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
 from yt_dlp.extractor.generic import GenericIE
 class _UnderscoreOverrideGenericIE(GenericIE, plugin_name='underscore-override'):
    SECONDARY_TEST_FIELD = 'underscore-override'
--- a/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/postprocessor/normal.py
+++ b/test/testdata/yt_dlp_plugins/postprocessor/normal.py
@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ from yt_dlp.postprocessor.common import PostProcessor
 class NormalPluginPP(PostProcessor):
-    REPLACED = False
+    pass
--- a/test/testdata/zipped_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/zipped.py
+++ b/test/testdata/zipped_plugins/yt_dlp_plugins/extractor/zipped.py
@ -2,5 +2,4 @@ from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor
 class ZippedPluginIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = 'zippedpluginie'
    pass
--- a/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py
@ -30,18 +30,9 @@ from .compat import urllib_req_to_req
 from .cookies import CookieLoadError, LenientSimpleCookie, load_cookies
 from .downloader import FFmpegFD, get_suitable_downloader, shorten_protocol_name
 from .downloader.rtmp import rtmpdump_version
-from .extractor import gen_extractor_classes, get_info_extractor, import_extractors
+from .extractor import gen_extractor_classes, get_info_extractor
 from .extractor.common import UnsupportedURLIE
 from .extractor.openload import PhantomJSwrapper
 from .globals import (
    IN_CLI,
    LAZY_EXTRACTORS,
    plugin_ies,
    plugin_ies_overrides,
    plugin_pps,
    all_plugins_loaded,
    plugin_dirs,
 )
 from .minicurses import format_text
 from .networking import HEADRequest, Request, RequestDirector
 from .networking.common import _REQUEST_HANDLERS, _RH_PREFERENCES
@ -53,7 +44,8 @@ from .networking.exceptions import (
    network_exceptions,
 )
 from .networking.impersonate import ImpersonateRequestHandler
-from .plugins import directories as plugin_directories, load_all_plugins
+from .plugins import directories as plugin_directories
 from .postprocessor import _PLUGIN_CLASSES as plugin_pps
 from .postprocessor import (
    EmbedThumbnailPP,
    FFmpegFixupDuplicateMoovPP,
@ -165,7 +157,7 @@ from .utils import (
    write_json_file,
    write_string,
 )
-from .utils._utils import _UnsafeExtensionError, _YDLLogger, _ProgressState
+from .utils._utils import _UnsafeExtensionError, _YDLLogger
 from .utils.networking import (
    HTTPHeaderDict,
    clean_headers,
@ -650,15 +642,13 @@ class YoutubeDL:
        self.cache = Cache(self)
        self.__header_cookies = []
        # compat for API: load plugins if they have not already
        if not all_plugins_loaded.value:
            load_all_plugins()
        stdout = sys.stderr if self.params.get('logtostderr') else sys.stdout
        self._out_files = Namespace(
            out=stdout,
            error=sys.stderr,
            screen=sys.stderr if self.params.get('quiet') else stdout,
            console=None if os.name == 'nt' else next(
                filter(supports_terminal_sequences, (sys.stderr, sys.stdout)), None),
        )
        try:
@ -666,9 +656,6 @@ class YoutubeDL:
        except Exception as e:
            self.write_debug(f'Failed to enable VT mode: {e}')
        # hehe "immutable" namespace
        self._out_files.console = next(filter(supports_terminal_sequences, (sys.stderr, sys.stdout)), None)
        if self.params.get('no_color'):
            if self.params.get('color') is not None:
                self.params.setdefault('_warnings', []).append(
@ -969,22 +956,21 @@ class YoutubeDL:
            self._write_string(f'{self._bidi_workaround(message)}\n', self._out_files.error, only_once=only_once)
    def _send_console_code(self, code):
-        if not supports_terminal_sequences(self._out_files.console):
+        if os.name == 'nt' or not self._out_files.console:
            return False
        self._write_string(code, self._out_files.console)
        return True
    def to_console_title(self, message=None, progress_state=None, percent=None):
        if not self.params.get('consoletitle'):
            return
        self._write_string(code, self._out_files.console)
-        if message:
+    def to_console_title(self, message):
-            success = self._send_console_code(f'\033]0;{remove_terminal_sequences(message)}\007')
+        if not self.params.get('consoletitle', False):
-            if not success and os.name == 'nt' and ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleWindow():
+            return
-                ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTitleW(message)
+        message = remove_terminal_sequences(message)
-
+        if os.name == 'nt':
-        if isinstance(progress_state, _ProgressState):
+            if ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleWindow():
-            self._send_console_code(progress_state.get_ansi_escape(percent))
+                # c_wchar_p() might not be necessary if `message` is
                # already of type unicode()
                ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTitleW(ctypes.c_wchar_p(message))
        else:
            self._send_console_code(f'\033]0;{message}\007')
    def save_console_title(self):
        if not self.params.get('consoletitle') or self.params.get('simulate'):
@ -998,7 +984,6 @@ class YoutubeDL:
    def __enter__(self):
        self.save_console_title()
        self.to_console_title(progress_state=_ProgressState.INDETERMINATE)
        return self
    def save_cookies(self):
@ -1007,7 +992,6 @@ class YoutubeDL:
    def __exit__(self, *args):
        self.restore_console_title()
        self.to_console_title(progress_state=_ProgressState.HIDDEN)
        self.close()
    def close(self):
@ -4009,6 +3993,15 @@ class YoutubeDL:
        if not self.params.get('verbose'):
            return
        from . import _IN_CLI  # Must be delayed import
        # These imports can be slow. So import them only as needed
        from .extractor.extractors import _LAZY_LOADER
        from .extractor.extractors import (
            _PLUGIN_CLASSES as plugin_ies,
            _PLUGIN_OVERRIDES as plugin_ie_overrides,
        )
        def get_encoding(stream):
            ret = str(getattr(stream, 'encoding', f'missing ({type(stream).__name__})'))
            additional_info = []
@ -4047,18 +4040,17 @@ class YoutubeDL:
            _make_label(ORIGIN, CHANNEL.partition('@')[2] or __version__, __version__),
            f'[{RELEASE_GIT_HEAD[:9]}]' if RELEASE_GIT_HEAD else '',
            '' if source == 'unknown' else f'({source})',
-            '' if IN_CLI.value else 'API' if klass == YoutubeDL else f'API:{self.__module__}.{klass.__qualname__}',
+            '' if _IN_CLI else 'API' if klass == YoutubeDL else f'API:{self.__module__}.{klass.__qualname__}',
            delim=' '))
-        if not IN_CLI.value:
+        if not _IN_CLI:
            write_debug(f'params: {self.params}')
-        import_extractors()
+        if not _LAZY_LOADER:
-        lazy_extractors = LAZY_EXTRACTORS.value
+            if os.environ.get('YTDLP_NO_LAZY_EXTRACTORS'):
        if lazy_extractors is None:
            write_debug('Lazy loading extractors is disabled')
        elif not lazy_extractors:
                write_debug('Lazy loading extractors is forcibly disabled')
            else:
                write_debug('Lazy loading extractors is disabled')
        if self.params['compat_opts']:
            write_debug('Compatibility options: {}'.format(', '.join(self.params['compat_opts'])))
@ -4087,27 +4079,24 @@ class YoutubeDL:
        write_debug(f'Proxy map: {self.proxies}')
        write_debug(f'Request Handlers: {", ".join(rh.RH_NAME for rh in self._request_director.handlers.values())}')
        if os.environ.get('YTDLP_NO_PLUGINS'):
            write_debug('Plugins are forcibly disabled')
            return
-        for plugin_type, plugins in (('Extractor', plugin_ies), ('Post-Processor', plugin_pps)):
+        for plugin_type, plugins in {'Extractor': plugin_ies, 'Post-Processor': plugin_pps}.items():
-            display_list = [
+            display_list = ['{}{}'.format(
-                klass.__name__ if klass.__name__ == name else f'{klass.__name__} as {name}'
+                klass.__name__, '' if klass.__name__ == name else f' as {name}')
-                for name, klass in plugins.value.items()]
+                for name, klass in plugins.items()]
            if plugin_type == 'Extractor':
                display_list.extend(f'{plugins[-1].IE_NAME.partition("+")[2]} ({parent.__name__})'
-                                    for parent, plugins in plugin_ies_overrides.value.items())
+                                    for parent, plugins in plugin_ie_overrides.items())
            if not display_list:
                continue
            write_debug(f'{plugin_type} Plugins: {", ".join(sorted(display_list))}')
-        plugin_dirs_msg = 'none'
+        plugin_dirs = plugin_directories()
-        if not plugin_dirs.value:
+        if plugin_dirs:
-            plugin_dirs_msg = 'none (disabled)'
+            write_debug(f'Plugin directories: {plugin_dirs}')
        else:
            found_plugin_directories = plugin_directories()
            if found_plugin_directories:
                plugin_dirs_msg = ', '.join(found_plugin_directories)
        write_debug(f'Plugin directories: {plugin_dirs_msg}')
    @functools.cached_property
    def proxies(self):
@ -4152,7 +4141,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
            (target, rh.RH_NAME)
            for rh in self._request_director.handlers.values()
            if isinstance(rh, ImpersonateRequestHandler)
-            for target in reversed(rh.supported_targets)
+            for target in rh.supported_targets
        ]
    def _impersonate_target_available(self, target):
--- a/yt_dlp/init.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/init.py
@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ from .downloader.external import get_external_downloader
 from .extractor import list_extractor_classes
 from .extractor.adobepass import MSO_INFO
 from .networking.impersonate import ImpersonateTarget
 from .globals import IN_CLI, plugin_dirs
 from .options import parseOpts
 from .plugins import load_all_plugins as _load_all_plugins
 from .postprocessor import (
    FFmpegExtractAudioPP,
    FFmpegMergerPP,
@ -35,6 +33,7 @@ from .postprocessor import (
 )
 from .update import Updater
 from .utils import (
    Config,
    NO_DEFAULT,
    POSTPROCESS_WHEN,
    DateRange,
@ -67,6 +66,8 @@ from .utils.networking import std_headers
 from .utils._utils import _UnsafeExtensionError
 from .YoutubeDL import YoutubeDL
 _IN_CLI = False
 def _exit(status=0, *args):
    for msg in args:
@ -432,10 +433,6 @@ def validate_options(opts):
    }
    # Other options
    opts.plugin_dirs = opts.plugin_dirs
    if opts.plugin_dirs is None:
        opts.plugin_dirs = ['default']
    if opts.playlist_items is not None:
        try:
            tuple(PlaylistEntries.parse_playlist_items(opts.playlist_items))
@ -976,6 +973,11 @@ def _real_main(argv=None):
    parser, opts, all_urls, ydl_opts = parse_options(argv)
    # HACK: Set the plugin dirs early on
    # TODO(coletdjnz): remove when plugin globals system is implemented
    if opts.plugin_dirs is not None:
        Config._plugin_dirs = list(map(expand_path, opts.plugin_dirs))
    # Dump user agent
    if opts.dump_user_agent:
        ua = traverse_obj(opts.headers, 'User-Agent', casesense=False, default=std_headers['User-Agent'])
@ -990,11 +992,6 @@ def _real_main(argv=None):
    if opts.ffmpeg_location:
        FFmpegPostProcessor._ffmpeg_location.set(opts.ffmpeg_location)
    # load all plugins into the global lookup
    plugin_dirs.value = opts.plugin_dirs
    if plugin_dirs.value:
        _load_all_plugins()
    with YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
        pre_process = opts.update_self or opts.rm_cachedir
        actual_use = all_urls or opts.load_info_filename
@ -1021,9 +1018,8 @@ def _real_main(argv=None):
                # List of simplified targets we know are supported,
                # to help users know what dependencies may be required.
                (ImpersonateTarget('chrome'), 'curl_cffi'),
                (ImpersonateTarget('safari'), 'curl_cffi'),
                (ImpersonateTarget('firefox'), 'curl_cffi>=0.10'),
                (ImpersonateTarget('edge'), 'curl_cffi'),
                (ImpersonateTarget('safari'), 'curl_cffi'),
            ]
            available_targets = ydl._get_available_impersonate_targets()
@ -1039,12 +1035,12 @@ def _real_main(argv=None):
            for known_target, known_handler in known_targets:
                if not any(
-                    known_target in target and known_handler.startswith(handler)
+                    known_target in target and handler == known_handler
                    for target, handler in available_targets
                ):
-                    rows.insert(0, [
+                    rows.append([
                        ydl._format_out(text, ydl.Styles.SUPPRESS)
-                        for text in make_row(known_target, f'{known_handler} (unavailable)')
+                        for text in make_row(known_target, f'{known_handler} (not available)')
                    ])
            ydl.to_screen('[info] Available impersonate targets')
@ -1095,7 +1091,8 @@ def _real_main(argv=None):
 def main(argv=None):
-    IN_CLI.value = True
+    global _IN_CLI
    _IN_CLI = True
    try:
        _exit(*variadic(_real_main(argv)))
    except (CookieLoadError, DownloadError):
--- a/yt_dlp/aes.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/aes.py
@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ def aes_ecb_encrypt(data, key, iv=None):
    @returns {int[]}           encrypted data
    """
    expanded_key = key_expansion(key)
-    block_count = ceil(len(data) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES)
+    block_count = int(ceil(float(len(data)) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES))
    encrypted_data = []
    for i in range(block_count):
@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ def aes_ecb_decrypt(data, key, iv=None):
    @returns {int[]}           decrypted data
    """
    expanded_key = key_expansion(key)
-    block_count = ceil(len(data) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES)
+    block_count = int(ceil(float(len(data)) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES))
    encrypted_data = []
    for i in range(block_count):
@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ def aes_ctr_encrypt(data, key, iv):
    @returns {int[]}           encrypted data
    """
    expanded_key = key_expansion(key)
-    block_count = ceil(len(data) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES)
+    block_count = int(ceil(float(len(data)) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES))
    counter = iter_vector(iv)
    encrypted_data = []
@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ def aes_cbc_decrypt(data, key, iv):
    @returns {int[]}           decrypted data
    """
    expanded_key = key_expansion(key)
-    block_count = ceil(len(data) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES)
+    block_count = int(ceil(float(len(data)) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES))
    decrypted_data = []
    previous_cipher_block = iv
@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ def aes_cbc_encrypt(data, key, iv, *, padding_mode='pkcs7'):
    @returns {int[]}           encrypted data
    """
    expanded_key = key_expansion(key)
-    block_count = ceil(len(data) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES)
+    block_count = int(ceil(float(len(data)) / BLOCK_SIZE_BYTES))
    encrypted_data = []
    previous_cipher_block = iv
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/init.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/init.py
@ -30,12 +30,11 @@ from .hls import HlsFD
 from .http import HttpFD
 from .ism import IsmFD
 from .mhtml import MhtmlFD
-from .niconico import NiconicoLiveFD
+from .niconico import NiconicoDmcFD, NiconicoLiveFD
 from .rtmp import RtmpFD
 from .rtsp import RtspFD
 from .websocket import WebSocketFragmentFD
 from .youtube_live_chat import YoutubeLiveChatFD
 from .bunnycdn import BunnyCdnFD
 PROTOCOL_MAP = {
    'rtmp': RtmpFD,
@ -50,12 +49,12 @@ PROTOCOL_MAP = {
    'http_dash_segments_generator': DashSegmentsFD,
    'ism': IsmFD,
    'mhtml': MhtmlFD,
    'niconico_dmc': NiconicoDmcFD,
    'niconico_live': NiconicoLiveFD,
    'fc2_live': FC2LiveFD,
    'websocket_frag': WebSocketFragmentFD,
    'youtube_live_chat': YoutubeLiveChatFD,
    'youtube_live_chat_replay': YoutubeLiveChatFD,
    'bunnycdn': BunnyCdnFD,
 }
@ -66,6 +65,7 @@ def shorten_protocol_name(proto, simplify=False):
        'rtmp_ffmpeg': 'rtmpF',
        'http_dash_segments': 'dash',
        'http_dash_segments_generator': 'dashG',
        'niconico_dmc': 'dmc',
        'websocket_frag': 'WSfrag',
    }
    if simplify:
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/bunnycdn.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/bunnycdn.py
@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
 import hashlib
 import random
 import threading
 from .common import FileDownloader
 from . import HlsFD
 from ..networking import Request
 from ..networking.exceptions import network_exceptions
 class BunnyCdnFD(FileDownloader):
    """
    Downloads from BunnyCDN with required pings
    Note, this is not a part of public API, and will be removed without notice.
    DO NOT USE
    """
    def real_download(self, filename, info_dict):
        self.to_screen(f'[{self.FD_NAME}] Downloading from BunnyCDN')
        fd = HlsFD(self.ydl, self.params)
        stop_event = threading.Event()
        ping_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.ping_thread, args=(stop_event,), kwargs=info_dict['_bunnycdn_ping_data'])
        ping_thread.start()
        try:
            return fd.real_download(filename, info_dict)
        finally:
            stop_event.set()
    def ping_thread(self, stop_event, url, headers, secret, context_id):
        # Site sends ping every 4 seconds, but this throttles the download. Pinging every 2 seconds seems to work.
        ping_interval = 2
        # Hard coded resolution as it doesn't seem to matter
        res = 1080
        paused = 'false'
        current_time = 0
        while not stop_event.wait(ping_interval):
            current_time += ping_interval
            time = current_time + round(random.random(), 6)
            md5_hash = hashlib.md5(f'{secret}_{context_id}_{time}_{paused}_{res}'.encode()).hexdigest()
            ping_url = f'{url}?hash={md5_hash}&time={time}&paused={paused}&resolution={res}'
            try:
                self.ydl.urlopen(Request(ping_url, headers=headers)).read()
            except network_exceptions as e:
                self.to_screen(f'[{self.FD_NAME}] Ping failed: {e}')
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/common.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/common.py
@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ from ..utils import (
    timetuple_from_msec,
    try_call,
 )
 from ..utils._utils import _ProgressState
 class FileDownloader:
@ -334,7 +333,7 @@ class FileDownloader:
            progress_dict), s.get('progress_idx') or 0)
        self.to_console_title(self.ydl.evaluate_outtmpl(
            progress_template.get('download-title') or 'yt-dlp %(progress._default_template)s',
-            progress_dict), _ProgressState.from_dict(s), s.get('_percent'))
+            progress_dict))
    def _format_progress(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.ydl._format_text(
@ -358,7 +357,6 @@ class FileDownloader:
                '_speed_str': self.format_speed(speed).strip(),
                '_total_bytes_str': _format_bytes('total_bytes'),
                '_elapsed_str': self.format_seconds(s.get('elapsed')),
                '_percent': 100.0,
                '_percent_str': self.format_percent(100),
            })
            self._report_progress_status(s, join_nonempty(
@ -377,15 +375,13 @@ class FileDownloader:
                    return
                self._progress_delta_time += update_delta
        progress = try_call(
            lambda: 100 * s['downloaded_bytes'] / s['total_bytes'],
            lambda: 100 * s['downloaded_bytes'] / s['total_bytes_estimate'],
            lambda: s['downloaded_bytes'] == 0 and 0)
        s.update({
            '_eta_str': self.format_eta(s.get('eta')).strip(),
            '_speed_str': self.format_speed(s.get('speed')),
-            '_percent': progress,
+            '_percent_str': self.format_percent(try_call(
-            '_percent_str': self.format_percent(progress),
+                lambda: 100 * s['downloaded_bytes'] / s['total_bytes'],
                lambda: 100 * s['downloaded_bytes'] / s['total_bytes_estimate'],
                lambda: s['downloaded_bytes'] == 0 and 0)),
            '_total_bytes_str': _format_bytes('total_bytes'),
            '_total_bytes_estimate_str': _format_bytes('total_bytes_estimate'),
            '_downloaded_bytes_str': _format_bytes('downloaded_bytes'),
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/external.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/external.py
@ -457,6 +457,8 @@ class FFmpegFD(ExternalFD):
    @classmethod
    def available(cls, path=None):
        # TODO: Fix path for ffmpeg
        # Fixme: This may be wrong when --ffmpeg-location is used
        return FFmpegPostProcessor().available
    def on_process_started(self, proc, stdin):
--- a/yt_dlp/downloader/niconico.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/downloader/niconico.py
@ -2,12 +2,60 @@ import json
 import threading
 import time
 from . import get_suitable_downloader
 from .common import FileDownloader
 from .external import FFmpegFD
 from ..networking import Request
 from ..utils import DownloadError, str_or_none, try_get
 class NiconicoDmcFD(FileDownloader):
    """ Downloading niconico douga from DMC with heartbeat """
    def real_download(self, filename, info_dict):
        from ..extractor.niconico import NiconicoIE
        self.to_screen(f'[{self.FD_NAME}] Downloading from DMC')
        ie = NiconicoIE(self.ydl)
        info_dict, heartbeat_info_dict = ie._get_heartbeat_info(info_dict)
        fd = get_suitable_downloader(info_dict, params=self.params)(self.ydl, self.params)
        success = download_complete = False
        timer = [None]
        heartbeat_lock = threading.Lock()
        heartbeat_url = heartbeat_info_dict['url']
        heartbeat_data = heartbeat_info_dict['data'].encode()
        heartbeat_interval = heartbeat_info_dict.get('interval', 30)
        request = Request(heartbeat_url, heartbeat_data)
        def heartbeat():
            try:
                self.ydl.urlopen(request).read()
            except Exception:
                self.to_screen(f'[{self.FD_NAME}] Heartbeat failed')
            with heartbeat_lock:
                if not download_complete:
                    timer[0] = threading.Timer(heartbeat_interval, heartbeat)
                    timer[0].start()
        heartbeat_info_dict['ping']()
        self.to_screen('[%s] Heartbeat with %d second interval ...' % (self.FD_NAME, heartbeat_interval))
        try:
            heartbeat()
            if type(fd).__name__ == 'HlsFD':
                info_dict.update(ie._extract_m3u8_formats(info_dict['url'], info_dict['id'])[0])
            success = fd.real_download(filename, info_dict)
        finally:
            if heartbeat_lock:
                with heartbeat_lock:
                    timer[0].cancel()
                    download_complete = True
        return success
 class NiconicoLiveFD(FileDownloader):
    """ Downloads niconico live without being stopped """
@ -37,7 +85,6 @@ class NiconicoLiveFD(FileDownloader):
                            'quality': live_quality,
                            'protocol': 'hls+fmp4',
                            'latency': live_latency,
                            'accessRightMethod': 'single_cookie',
                            'chasePlay': False,
                        },
                        'room': {
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/init.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/init.py
@ -1,25 +1,16 @@
 from ..compat.compat_utils import passthrough_module
 from ..globals import extractors as _extractors_context
 from ..globals import plugin_ies as _plugin_ies_context
 from ..plugins import PluginSpec, register_plugin_spec
 passthrough_module(__name__, '.extractors')
 del passthrough_module
 register_plugin_spec(PluginSpec(
    module_name='extractor',
    suffix='IE',
    destination=_extractors_context,
    plugin_destination=_plugin_ies_context,
 ))
 def gen_extractor_classes():
    """ Return a list of supported extractors.
    The order does matter; the first extractor matched is the one handling the URL.
    """
-    import_extractors()
+    from .extractors import _ALL_CLASSES
-    return list(_extractors_context.value.values())
+
    return _ALL_CLASSES
 def gen_extractors():
@ -46,9 +37,6 @@ def list_extractors(age_limit=None):
 def get_info_extractor(ie_name):
    """Returns the info extractor class with the given ie_name"""
-    import_extractors()
+    from . import extractors
    return _extractors_context.value[f'{ie_name}IE']
-
+    return getattr(extractors, f'{ie_name}IE')
 def import_extractors():
    from . import extractors  # noqa: F401
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
@ -312,7 +312,6 @@ from .brilliantpala import (
 )
 from .bundesliga import BundesligaIE
 from .bundestag import BundestagIE
 from .bunnycdn import BunnyCdnIE
 from .businessinsider import BusinessInsiderIE
 from .buzzfeed import BuzzFeedIE
 from .byutv import BYUtvIE
@ -336,7 +335,6 @@ from .canal1 import Canal1IE
 from .canalalpha import CanalAlphaIE
 from .canalc2 import Canalc2IE
 from .canalplus import CanalplusIE
 from .canalsurmas import CanalsurmasIE
 from .caracoltv import CaracolTvPlayIE
 from .cartoonnetwork import CartoonNetworkIE
 from .cbc import (
@ -496,6 +494,10 @@ from .daum import (
 from .daystar import DaystarClipIE
 from .dbtv import DBTVIE
 from .dctp import DctpTvIE
 from .deezer import (
    DeezerAlbumIE,
    DeezerPlaylistIE,
 )
 from .democracynow import DemocracynowIE
 from .detik import DetikEmbedIE
 from .deuxm import (
@ -683,7 +685,6 @@ from .foxnews import (
 )
 from .foxsports import FoxSportsIE
 from .fptplay import FptplayIE
 from .francaisfacile import FrancaisFacileIE
 from .franceinter import FranceInterIE
 from .francetv import (
    FranceTVIE,
@ -840,7 +841,6 @@ from .icareus import IcareusIE
 from .ichinanalive import (
    IchinanaLiveClipIE,
    IchinanaLiveIE,
    IchinanaLiveVODIE,
 )
 from .idolplus import IdolPlusIE
 from .ign import (
@ -903,7 +903,6 @@ from .ivi import (
    IviIE,
 )
 from .ivideon import IvideonIE
 from .ivoox import IvooxIE
 from .iwara import (
    IwaraIE,
    IwaraPlaylistIE,
@ -961,10 +960,7 @@ from .kick import (
 )
 from .kicker import KickerIE
 from .kickstarter import KickStarterIE
-from .kika import (
+from .kika import KikaIE
    KikaIE,
    KikaPlaylistIE,
 )
 from .kinja import KinjaEmbedIE
 from .kinopoisk import KinoPoiskIE
 from .kommunetv import KommunetvIE
@ -1042,7 +1038,6 @@ from .limelight import (
    LimelightMediaIE,
 )
 from .linkedin import (
    LinkedInEventsIE,
    LinkedInIE,
    LinkedInLearningCourseIE,
    LinkedInLearningIE,
@ -1058,7 +1053,6 @@ from .livestream import (
 )
 from .livestreamfails import LivestreamfailsIE
 from .lnk import LnkIE
 from .loco import LocoIE
 from .loom import (
    LoomFolderIE,
    LoomIE,
@ -1066,7 +1060,6 @@ from .loom import (
 from .lovehomeporn import LoveHomePornIE
 from .lrt import (
    LRTVODIE,
    LRTRadioIE,
    LRTStreamIE,
 )
 from .lsm import (
@ -1499,10 +1492,6 @@ from .paramountplus import (
 )
 from .parler import ParlerIE
 from .parlview import ParlviewIE
 from .parti import (
    PartiLivestreamIE,
    PartiVideoIE,
 )
 from .patreon import (
    PatreonCampaignIE,
    PatreonIE,
@ -1749,7 +1738,6 @@ from .roosterteeth import (
    RoosterTeethSeriesIE,
 )
 from .rottentomatoes import RottenTomatoesIE
 from .roya import RoyaLiveIE
 from .rozhlas import (
    MujRozhlasIE,
    RozhlasIE,
@ -1784,6 +1772,7 @@ from .rtvcplay import (
 from .rtve import (
    RTVEALaCartaIE,
    RTVEAudioIE,
    RTVEInfantilIE,
    RTVELiveIE,
    RTVETelevisionIE,
 )
@ -1892,8 +1881,6 @@ from .skyit import (
    SkyItVideoIE,
    SkyItVideoLiveIE,
    TV8ItIE,
    TV8ItLiveIE,
    TV8ItPlaylistIE,
 )
 from .skylinewebcams import SkylineWebcamsIE
 from .skynewsarabia import (
@ -1907,7 +1894,6 @@ from .slutload import SlutloadIE
 from .smotrim import SmotrimIE
 from .snapchat import SnapchatSpotlightIE
 from .snotr import SnotrIE
 from .softwhiteunderbelly import SoftWhiteUnderbellyIE
 from .sohu import (
    SohuIE,
    SohuVIE,
@ -1997,7 +1983,6 @@ from .storyfire import (
    StoryFireSeriesIE,
    StoryFireUserIE,
 )
 from .streaks import StreaksIE
 from .streamable import StreamableIE
 from .streamcz import StreamCZIE
 from .streetvoice import StreetVoiceIE
@ -2237,10 +2222,6 @@ from .tvplay import (
    TVPlayIE,
 )
 from .tvplayer import TVPlayerIE
 from .tvw import (
    TvwIE,
    TvwTvChannelsIE,
 )
 from .tweakers import TweakersIE
 from .twentymin import TwentyMinutenIE
 from .twentythreevideo import TwentyThreeVideoIE
@ -2364,6 +2345,10 @@ from .viewlift import (
    ViewLiftIE,
 )
 from .viidea import ViideaIE
 from .viki import (
    VikiChannelIE,
    VikiIE,
 )
 from .vimeo import (
    VHXEmbedIE,
    VimeoAlbumIE,
@ -2408,15 +2393,10 @@ from .voxmedia import (
    VoxMediaIE,
    VoxMediaVolumeIE,
 )
 from .vrsquare import (
    VrSquareChannelIE,
    VrSquareIE,
    VrSquareSearchIE,
    VrSquareSectionIE,
 )
 from .vrt import (
    VRTIE,
    DagelijkseKostIE,
    KetnetIE,
    Radio1BeIE,
    VrtNUIE,
 )
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py
@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ from ..utils import (
    int_or_none,
    time_seconds,
    traverse_obj,
    update_url,
    update_url_query,
 )
@ -418,10 +417,6 @@ class AbemaTVIE(AbemaTVBaseIE):
            'is_live': is_live,
            'availability': availability,
        })
        if thumbnail := update_url(self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage, default=''), query=None):
            info['thumbnails'] = [{'url': thumbnail}]
        return info
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/afreecatv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/afreecatv.py
@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
 import datetime as dt
 import functools
 from .common import InfoExtractor
@ -11,7 +10,7 @@ from ..utils import (
    filter_dict,
    int_or_none,
    orderedSet,
-    parse_iso8601,
+    unified_timestamp,
    url_or_none,
    urlencode_postdata,
    urljoin,
@ -88,9 +87,9 @@ class AfreecaTVIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
            'uploader_id': 'rlantnghks',
            'uploader': '페이즈으',
            'duration': 10840,
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://videoimg\.(?:sooplive\.co\.kr|afreecatv\.com)/.+',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://videoimg\.sooplive\.co/.kr/.+',
            'upload_date': '20230108',
-            'timestamp': 1673186405,
+            'timestamp': 1673218805,
            'title': '젠지 페이즈',
        },
        'params': {
@ -103,7 +102,7 @@ class AfreecaTVIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
            'id': '20170411_BE689A0E_190960999_1_2_h',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '혼자사는여자집',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://(?:video|st)img\.(?:sooplive\.co\.kr|afreecatv\.com)/.+',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://(?:video|st)img\.sooplive\.co\.kr/.+',
            'uploader': '♥이슬이',
            'uploader_id': 'dasl8121',
            'upload_date': '20170411',
@ -120,7 +119,7 @@ class AfreecaTVIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
            'id': '20180327_27901457_202289533_1',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '[생]빨개요♥ (part 1)',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://(?:video|st)img\.(?:sooplive\.co\.kr|afreecatv\.com)/.+',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://(?:video|st)img\.sooplive\.co\.kr/.+',
            'uploader': '[SA]서아',
            'uploader_id': 'bjdyrksu',
            'upload_date': '20180327',
@ -188,7 +187,7 @@ class AfreecaTVIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
                'formats': formats,
                **traverse_obj(file_element, {
                    'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
-                    'timestamp': ('file_start', {parse_iso8601(delimiter=' ', timezone=dt.timedelta(hours=9))}),
+                    'timestamp': ('file_start', {unified_timestamp}),
                }),
            })
@ -371,7 +370,7 @@ class AfreecaTVLiveIE(AfreecaTVBaseIE):
            'title': channel_info.get('TITLE') or station_info.get('station_title'),
            'uploader': channel_info.get('BJNICK') or station_info.get('station_name'),
            'uploader_id': broadcaster_id,
-            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(station_info.get('broad_start'), delimiter=' ', timezone=dt.timedelta(hours=9)),
+            'timestamp': unified_timestamp(station_info.get('broad_start')),
            'formats': formats,
            'is_live': True,
            'http_headers': {'Referer': url},
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/agora.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/agora.py
@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ class TokFMPodcastIE(InfoExtractor):
        'url': 'https://audycje.tokfm.pl/podcast/91275,-Systemowy-rasizm-Czy-zamieszki-w-USA-po-morderstwie-w-Minneapolis-doprowadza-do-zmian-w-sluzbach-panstwowych',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '91275',
-            'ext': 'mp3',
+            'ext': 'aac',
            'title': 'md5:a9b15488009065556900169fb8061cce',
            'episode': 'md5:a9b15488009065556900169fb8061cce',
            'series': 'Analizy',
@ -164,20 +164,23 @@ class TokFMPodcastIE(InfoExtractor):
            raise ExtractorError('No such podcast', expected=True)
        metadata = metadata[0]
-        mp3_url = self._download_json(
+        formats = []
-            'https://api.podcast.radioagora.pl/api4/getSongUrl',
+        for ext in ('aac', 'mp3'):
-            media_id, 'Downloading podcast mp3 URL', query={
+            url_data = self._download_json(
-                'podcast_id': media_id,
+                f'https://api.podcast.radioagora.pl/api4/getSongUrl?podcast_id={media_id}&device_id={uuid.uuid4()}&ppre=false&audio={ext}',
-                'device_id': str(uuid.uuid4()),
+                media_id, f'Downloading podcast {ext} URL')
-                'ppre': 'false',
+            # prevents inserting the mp3 (default) multiple times
-                'audio': 'mp3',
+            if 'link_ssl' in url_data and f'.{ext}' in url_data['link_ssl']:
-            })['link_ssl']
+                formats.append({
                    'url': url_data['link_ssl'],
                    'ext': ext,
                    'vcodec': 'none',
                    'acodec': ext,
                })
        return {
            'id': media_id,
-            'url': mp3_url,
+            'formats': formats,
            'vcodec': 'none',
            'ext': 'mp3',
            'title': metadata.get('podcast_name'),
            'series': metadata.get('series_name'),
            'episode': metadata.get('podcast_name'),
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/atresplayer.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/atresplayer.py
@ -1,105 +1,64 @@
 import urllib.parse
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    int_or_none,
    parse_age_limit,
    url_or_none,
    urlencode_postdata,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class AtresPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?atresplayer\.com/(?:[^/?#]+/){4}(?P<display_id>.+?)_(?P<id>[0-9a-f]{24})'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?atresplayer\.com/[^/]+/[^/]+/[^/]+/[^/]+/(?P<display_id>.+?)_(?P<id>[0-9a-f]{24})'
    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'atresplayer'
-    _TESTS = [{
+    _TESTS = [
-        'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/lasexta/programas/el-objetivo/clips/mbappe-describe-como-entrenador-a-carlo-ancelotti-sabe-cuando-tiene-que-ser-padre-jefe-amigo-entrenador_67f2dfb2fb6ab0e4c7203849/',
+        {
            'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/antena3/series/pequenas-coincidencias/temporada-1/capitulo-7-asuntos-pendientes_5d4aa2c57ed1a88fc715a615/',
            'info_dict': {
                'id': '5d4aa2c57ed1a88fc715a615',
                'ext': 'mp4',
-            'id': '67f2dfb2fb6ab0e4c7203849',
+                'title': 'Capítulo 7: Asuntos pendientes',
-            'display_id': 'md5:c203f8d4e425ed115ba56a1c6e4b3e6c',
+                'description': 'md5:7634cdcb4d50d5381bedf93efb537fbc',
-            'title': 'Mbappé describe como entrenador a Carlo Ancelotti: "Sabe cuándo tiene que ser padre, jefe, amigo, entrenador..."',
+                'duration': 3413,
            'channel': 'laSexta',
            'duration': 31,
            'thumbnail': 'https://imagenes.atresplayer.com/atp/clipping/cmsimages02/2025/04/06/B02DBE1E-D59B-4683-8404-1A9595D15269/1920x1080.jpg',
            'tags': ['Entrevista informativa', 'Actualidad', 'Debate informativo', 'Política', 'Economía', 'Sociedad', 'Cara a cara', 'Análisis', 'Más periodismo'],
            'series': 'El Objetivo',
            'season': 'Temporada 12',
            'timestamp': 1743970079,
            'upload_date': '20250406',
            },
-    }, {
+            'skip': 'This video is only available for registered users',
        'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/antena3/programas/el-hormiguero/clips/revive-la-entrevista-completa-a-miguel-bose-en-el-hormiguero_67f836baa4a5b0e4147ca59a/',
        'info_dict': {
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'id': '67f836baa4a5b0e4147ca59a',
            'display_id': 'revive-la-entrevista-completa-a-miguel-bose-en-el-hormiguero',
            'title': 'Revive la entrevista completa a Miguel Bosé en El Hormiguero',
            'description': 'md5:c6d2b591408d45a7bc2986dfb938eb72',
            'channel': 'Antena 3',
            'duration': 2556,
            'thumbnail': 'https://imagenes.atresplayer.com/atp/clipping/cmsimages02/2025/04/10/9076395F-F1FD-48BE-9F18-540DBA10EBAD/1920x1080.jpg',
            'tags': ['Entrevista', 'Variedades', 'Humor', 'Entretenimiento', 'Te sigo', 'Buen rollo', 'Cara a cara'],
            'series': 'El Hormiguero ',
            'season': 'Temporada 14',
            'timestamp': 1744320111,
            'upload_date': '20250410',
        },
-    }, {
+        {
        'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/flooxer/series/biara-proyecto-lazarus/temporada-1/capitulo-3-supervivientes_67a6038b64ceca00070f4f69/',
        'info_dict': {
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'id': '67a6038b64ceca00070f4f69',
            'display_id': 'capitulo-3-supervivientes',
            'title': 'Capítulo 3: Supervivientes',
            'description': 'md5:65b231f20302f776c2b0dd24594599a1',
            'channel': 'Flooxer',
            'duration': 1196,
            'thumbnail': 'https://imagenes.atresplayer.com/atp/clipping/cmsimages01/2025/02/14/17CF90D3-FE67-40C5-A941-7825B3E13992/1920x1080.jpg',
            'tags': ['Juvenil', 'Terror', 'Piel de gallina', 'Te sigo', 'Un break', 'Del tirón'],
            'series': 'BIARA: Proyecto Lázarus',
            'season': 'Temporada 1',
            'season_number': 1,
            'episode': 'Episode 3',
            'episode_number': 3,
            'timestamp': 1743095191,
            'upload_date': '20250327',
        },
    }, {
            'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/lasexta/programas/el-club-de-la-comedia/temporada-4/capitulo-10-especial-solidario-nochebuena_5ad08edf986b2855ed47adc4/',
            'only_matching': True,
-    }, {
+        },
        {
            'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/antena3/series/el-secreto-de-puente-viejo/el-chico-de-los-tres-lunares/capitulo-977-29-12-14_5ad51046986b2886722ccdea/',
            'only_matching': True,
-    }]
+        },
    ]
    _API_BASE = 'https://api.atresplayer.com/'
    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
        self._request_webpage(
            self._API_BASE + 'login', None, 'Downloading login page')
        try:
-            self._download_webpage(
+            target_url = self._download_json(
-                'https://account.atresplayer.com/auth/v1/login', None,
+                'https://account.atresmedia.com/api/login', None,
-                'Logging in', 'Failed to log in', data=urlencode_postdata({
+                'Logging in', headers={
                    'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
                }, data=urlencode_postdata({
                    'username': username,
                    'password': password,
-                }))
+                }))['targetUrl']
        except ExtractorError as e:
            if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 400:
                raise ExtractorError('Invalid username and/or password', expected=True)
            raise
        self._request_webpage(target_url, None, 'Following Target URL')
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        display_id, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
        metadata_url = self._download_json(
            self._API_BASE + 'client/v1/url', video_id, 'Downloading API endpoint data',
            query={'href': urllib.parse.urlparse(url).path})['href']
        metadata = self._download_json(metadata_url, video_id)
        try:
-            video_data = self._download_json(metadata['urlVideo'], video_id, 'Downloading video data')
+            episode = self._download_json(
                self._API_BASE + 'client/v1/player/episode/' + video_id, video_id)
        except ExtractorError as e:
            if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 403:
                error = self._parse_json(e.cause.response.read(), None)
@ -108,45 +67,37 @@ class AtresPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
                raise ExtractorError(error['error_description'], expected=True)
            raise
        title = episode['titulo']
        formats = []
        subtitles = {}
-        for source in traverse_obj(video_data, ('sources', lambda _, v: url_or_none(v['src']))):
+        for source in episode.get('sources', []):
-            src_url = source['src']
+            src = source.get('src')
-            src_type = source.get('type')
+            if not src:
            if src_type in ('application/vnd.apple.mpegurl', 'application/hls+legacy', 'application/hls+hevc'):
                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                    src_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
            elif src_type in ('application/dash+xml', 'application/dash+hevc'):
                fmts, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
                    src_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False)
            else:
                continue
-            formats.extend(fmts)
+            src_type = source.get('type')
-            self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+            if src_type == 'application/vnd.apple.mpegurl':
                formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                    src, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native',
                    m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
            elif src_type == 'application/dash+xml':
                formats, subtitles = self._extract_mpd_formats(
                    src, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False)
        heartbeat = episode.get('heartbeat') or {}
        omniture = episode.get('omniture') or {}
        get_meta = lambda x: heartbeat.get(x) or omniture.get(x)
        return {
            'display_id': display_id,
            'id': video_id,
            'title': title,
            'description': episode.get('descripcion'),
            'thumbnail': episode.get('imgPoster'),
            'duration': int_or_none(episode.get('duration')),
            'formats': formats,
            'channel': get_meta('channel'),
            'season': get_meta('season'),
            'episode_number': int_or_none(get_meta('episodeNumber')),
            'subtitles': subtitles,
            **traverse_obj(video_data, {
                'title': ('titulo', {str}),
                'description': ('descripcion', {str}),
                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
                'thumbnail': ('imgPoster', {url_or_none}, {lambda v: f'{v}1920x1080.jpg'}),
                'age_limit': ('ageRating', {parse_age_limit}),
            }),
            **traverse_obj(metadata, {
                'title': ('title', {str}),
                'description': ('description', {str}),
                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
                'tags': ('tags', ..., 'title', {str}),
                'age_limit': ('ageRating', {parse_age_limit}),
                'series': ('format', 'title', {str}),
                'season': ('currentSeason', 'title', {str}),
                'season_number': ('currentSeason', 'seasonNumber', {int_or_none}),
                'episode_number': ('numberOfEpisode', {int_or_none}),
                'timestamp': ('publicationDate', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
                'channel': ('channel', 'title', {str}),
            }),
        }
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/azmedien.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/azmedien.py
@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import json
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from .kaltura import KalturaIE
 from ..utils.traversal import require, traverse_obj
 class AZMedienIE(InfoExtractor):
@ -8,15 +9,15 @@ class AZMedienIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
                    https?://
                        (?:www\.|tv\.)?
-                        (?:
+                        (?P<host>
                            telezueri\.ch|
                            telebaern\.tv|
                            telem1\.ch|
                            tvo-online\.ch
                        )/
-                        [^/?#]+/
+                        [^/]+/
                        (?P<id>
-                            [^/?#]+-\d+
+                            [^/]+-(?P<article_id>\d+)
                        )
                        (?:
                            \#video=
@ -46,17 +47,19 @@ class AZMedienIE(InfoExtractor):
        'url': 'https://www.telebaern.tv/telebaern-news/montag-1-oktober-2018-ganze-sendung-133531189#video=0_7xjo9lf1',
        'only_matching': True,
    }]
    _API_TEMPL = 'https://www.%s/api/pub/gql/%s/NewsArticleTeaser/a4016f65fe62b81dc6664dd9f4910e4ab40383be'
    _PARTNER_ID = '1719221'
    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        display_id, entry_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
+        host, display_id, article_id, entry_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
        if not entry_id:
-            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
+            entry_id = self._download_json(
-            data = self._search_json(
+                self._API_TEMPL % (host, host.split('.')[0]), display_id, query={
-                r'window\.__APOLLO_STATE__\s*=', webpage, 'video data', display_id)
+                    'variables': json.dumps({
-            entry_id = traverse_obj(data, (
+                        'contextId': 'NewsArticle:' + article_id,
-                lambda _, v: v['__typename'] == 'KalturaData', 'kalturaId', any, {require('kaltura id')}))
+                    }),
                })['data']['context']['mainAsset']['video']['kaltura']['kalturaId']
        return self.url_result(
            f'kaltura:{self._PARTNER_ID}:{entry_id}',
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bandlab.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bandlab.py
@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ class BandlabBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
                'webpage_url': (
                    'id', ({value(url)}, {format_field(template='https://www.bandlab.com/post/%s')}), filter, any),
                'url': ('video', 'url', {url_or_none}),
-                'title': ('caption', {lambda x: x.replace('\n', ' ')}, {truncate_string(left=72)}),
+                'title': ('caption', {lambda x: x.replace('\n', ' ')}, {truncate_string(left=50)}),
                'description': ('caption', {str}),
                'thumbnail': ('video', 'picture', 'url', {url_or_none}),
                'view_count': ('video', 'counters', 'plays', {int_or_none}),
@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ class BandlabIE(BandlabBaseIE):
            'duration': 54.629999999999995,
            'title': 'sweet black',
            'upload_date': '20231210',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://bl-prod-images.azureedge.net/v1.0/songs/fa082beb-b856-4730-9170-a57e4e32cc2c/',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://bandlabimages.azureedge.net/v1.0/songs/fa082beb-b856-4730-9170-a57e4e32cc2c/',
            'genres': ['Lofi'],
            'uploader': 'ender milze',
            'comment_count': int,
@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class BandlabIE(BandlabBaseIE):
            'duration': 54.629999999999995,
            'title': 'sweet black',
            'upload_date': '20231210',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://bl-prod-images.azureedge.net/v1.0/songs/fa082beb-b856-4730-9170-a57e4e32cc2c/',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://bandlabimages.azureedge.net/v1.0/songs/fa082beb-b856-4730-9170-a57e4e32cc2c/',
            'genres': ['Lofi'],
            'uploader': 'ender milze',
            'comment_count': int,
@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ class BandlabIE(BandlabBaseIE):
            'comment_count': int,
            'genres': ['Other'],
            'uploader_id': 'user8353034818103753',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://bl-prod-images.azureedge.net/v1.0/songs/51b18363-da23-4b9b-a29c-2933a3e561ca/',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://bandlabimages.azureedge.net/v1.0/songs/51b18363-da23-4b9b-a29c-2933a3e561ca/',
            'timestamp': 1709625771,
            'track': 'PodcastMaerchen4b',
            'duration': 468.14,
@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ class BandlabIE(BandlabBaseIE):
            'id': '110343fc-148b-ea11-96d2-0003ffd1fc09',
            'ext': 'm4a',
            'timestamp': 1588273294,
-            'thumbnail': 'https://bl-prod-images.azureedge.net/v1.0/users/b612e533-e4f7-4542-9f50-3fcfd8dd822c/',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://bandlabimages.azureedge.net/v1.0/users/b612e533-e4f7-4542-9f50-3fcfd8dd822c/',
            'description': 'Final Revision.',
            'title': 'Replay ( Instrumental)',
            'uploader': 'David R Sparks',
@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ class BandlabIE(BandlabBaseIE):
            'id': '5cdf9036-3857-ef11-991a-6045bd36e0d9',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'duration': 44.705,
-            'thumbnail': 'https://bl-prod-images.azureedge.net/v1.0/videos/67c6cef1-cef6-40d3-831e-a55bc1dcb972/',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://bandlabimages.azureedge.net/v1.0/videos/67c6cef1-cef6-40d3-831e-a55bc1dcb972/',
            'comment_count': int,
            'title': 'backing vocals',
            'uploader_id': 'marliashya',
@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ class BandlabIE(BandlabBaseIE):
            'view_count': int,
            'track': 'Positronic Meltdown',
            'duration': 318.55,
-            'thumbnail': 'https://bl-prod-images.azureedge.net/v1.0/songs/87165bc3-5439-496e-b1f7-a9f13b541ff2/',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://bandlabimages.azureedge.net/v1.0/songs/87165bc3-5439-496e-b1f7-a9f13b541ff2/',
            'description': 'Checkout my tracks at AOMX http://aomxsounds.com/',
            'uploader_id': 'microfreaks',
            'title': 'Positronic Meltdown',
@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ class BandlabIE(BandlabBaseIE):
            'comment_count': int,
            'uploader': 'Sorakime',
            'uploader_id': 'sorakime',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://bl-prod-images.azureedge.net/v1.0/users/572a351a-0f3a-4c6a-ac39-1a5defdeeb1c/',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://bandlabimages.azureedge.net/v1.0/users/572a351a-0f3a-4c6a-ac39-1a5defdeeb1c/',
            'timestamp': 1691162128,
            'upload_date': '20230804',
            'media_type': 'track',
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py
@ -1596,16 +1596,16 @@ class BilibiliPlaylistIE(BilibiliSpaceListBaseIE):
        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, list_id)
        initial_state = self._search_json(r'window\.__INITIAL_STATE__\s*=', webpage, 'initial state', list_id)
-        error = traverse_obj(initial_state, (('error', 'listError'), all, lambda _, v: v['code'], any))
+        if traverse_obj(initial_state, ('error', 'code', {int_or_none})) != 200:
-        if error and error['code'] != 200:
+            error_code = traverse_obj(initial_state, ('error', 'trueCode', {int_or_none}))
-            error_code = error.get('trueCode')
+            error_message = traverse_obj(initial_state, ('error', 'message', {str_or_none}))
            if error_code == -400 and list_id == 'watchlater':
                self.raise_login_required('You need to login to access your watchlater playlist')
            elif error_code == -403:
                self.raise_login_required('This is a private playlist. You need to login as its owner')
            elif error_code == 11010:
                raise ExtractorError('Playlist is no longer available', expected=True)
-            raise ExtractorError(f'Could not access playlist: {error_code} {error.get("message")}')
+            raise ExtractorError(f'Could not access playlist: {error_code} {error_message}')
        query = {
            'ps': 20,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bitchute.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bitchute.py
@ -1,32 +1,30 @@
 import functools
 import json
 import re
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..networking import HEADRequest
 from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    OnDemandPagedList,
    clean_html,
-    determine_ext,
+    extract_attributes,
    format_field,
    get_element_by_class,
    get_element_by_id,
    get_element_html_by_class,
    get_elements_html_by_class,
    int_or_none,
    orderedSet,
    parse_count,
    parse_duration,
-    parse_iso8601,
+    traverse_obj,
-    url_or_none,
+    unified_strdate,
    urlencode_postdata,
    urljoin,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class BitChuteIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:www|old)\.)?bitchute\.com/(?:video|embed|torrent/[^/?#]+)/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:www|old)\.)?bitchute\.com/(?:video|embed|torrent/[^/]+)/(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)'
    _EMBED_REGEX = [rf'<(?:script|iframe)[^>]+\bsrc=(["\'])(?P<url>{_VALID_URL})']
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/video/UGlrF9o9b-Q/',
@ -36,17 +34,12 @@ class BitChuteIE(InfoExtractor):
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'This is the first video on #BitChute !',
            'description': 'md5:a0337e7b1fe39e32336974af8173a034',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.jpg$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
            'uploader': 'BitChute',
            'upload_date': '20170103',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/profile/I5NgtHZn9vPj/',
            'channel': 'BitChute',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/channel/bitchute/',
            'uploader_id': 'I5NgtHZn9vPj',
            'channel_id': '1VBwRfyNcKdX',
            'view_count': int,
            'duration': 16.0,
            'timestamp': 1483425443,
        },
    }, {
        # test case: video with different channel and uploader
@ -56,18 +49,13 @@ class BitChuteIE(InfoExtractor):
            'id': 'Yti_j9A-UZ4',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Israel at War | Full Measure',
-            'description': 'md5:e60198b89971966d6030d22b3268f08f',
+            'description': 'md5:38cf7bc6f42da1a877835539111c69ef',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.jpg$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
            'uploader': 'sharylattkisson',
            'upload_date': '20231106',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/profile/9K0kUWA9zmd9/',
            'channel': 'Full Measure with Sharyl Attkisson',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/channel/sharylattkisson/',
            'uploader_id': '9K0kUWA9zmd9',
            'channel_id': 'NpdxoCRv3ZLb',
            'view_count': int,
            'duration': 554.0,
            'timestamp': 1699296106,
        },
    }, {
        # video not downloadable in browser, but we can recover it
@ -78,21 +66,25 @@ class BitChuteIE(InfoExtractor):
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'filesize': 71537926,
            'title': 'STYXHEXENHAMMER666 - Election Fraud, Clinton 2020, EU Armies, and Gun Control',
-            'description': 'md5:2029c7c212ccd4b040f52bb2d036ef4e',
+            'description': 'md5:228ee93bd840a24938f536aeac9cf749',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.jpg$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
            'uploader': 'BitChute',
            'upload_date': '20181113',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/profile/I5NgtHZn9vPj/',
            'channel': 'BitChute',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/channel/bitchute/',
            'uploader_id': 'I5NgtHZn9vPj',
            'channel_id': '1VBwRfyNcKdX',
            'view_count': int,
            'duration': 1701.0,
            'tags': ['bitchute'],
            'timestamp': 1542130287,
        },
        'params': {'check_formats': None},
    }, {
        # restricted video
        'url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/video/WEnQU7XGcTdl/',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'WEnQU7XGcTdl',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Impartial Truth - Ein Letzter Appell an die Vernunft',
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
        'skip': 'Georestricted in DE',
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/embed/lbb5G1hjPhw/',
        'only_matching': True,
@ -104,8 +96,11 @@ class BitChuteIE(InfoExtractor):
        'only_matching': True,
    }]
    _GEO_BYPASS = False
-    _UPLOADER_URL_TMPL = 'https://www.bitchute.com/profile/%s/'
+
-    _CHANNEL_URL_TMPL = 'https://www.bitchute.com/channel/%s/'
+    _HEADERS = {
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.57 Safari/537.36',
        'Referer': 'https://www.bitchute.com/',
    }
    def _check_format(self, video_url, video_id):
        urls = orderedSet(
@ -117,7 +112,7 @@ class BitChuteIE(InfoExtractor):
        for url in urls:
            try:
                response = self._request_webpage(
-                    HEADRequest(url), video_id=video_id, note=f'Checking {url}')
+                    HEADRequest(url), video_id=video_id, note=f'Checking {url}', headers=self._HEADERS)
            except ExtractorError as e:
                self.to_screen(f'{video_id}: URL is invalid, skipping: {e.cause}')
                continue
@ -126,79 +121,54 @@ class BitChuteIE(InfoExtractor):
                'filesize': int_or_none(response.headers.get('Content-Length')),
            }
-    def _call_api(self, endpoint, data, display_id, fatal=True):
+    def _raise_if_restricted(self, webpage):
-        note = endpoint.rpartition('/')[2]
+        page_title = clean_html(get_element_by_class('page-title', webpage)) or ''
-        try:
+        if re.fullmatch(r'(?:Channel|Video) Restricted', page_title):
-            return self._download_json(
+            reason = clean_html(get_element_by_id('page-detail', webpage)) or page_title
-                f'https://api.bitchute.com/api/beta/{endpoint}', display_id,
+            self.raise_geo_restricted(reason)
-                f'Downloading {note} API JSON', f'Unable to download {note} API JSON',
+
-                data=json.dumps(data).encode(),
+    @staticmethod
-                headers={
+    def _make_url(html):
-                    'Accept': 'application/json',
+        path = extract_attributes(get_element_html_by_class('spa', html) or '').get('href')
-                    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+        return urljoin('https://www.bitchute.com', path)
                })
        except ExtractorError as e:
            if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 403:
                errors = '. '.join(traverse_obj(e.cause.response.read().decode(), (
                    {json.loads}, 'errors', lambda _, v: v['context'] == 'reason', 'message', {str})))
                if errors and 'location' in errors:
                    # Can always be fatal since the video/media call will reach this code first
                    self.raise_geo_restricted(errors)
            if fatal:
                raise
            self.report_warning(e.msg)
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        video_id = self._match_id(url)
-        data = {'video_id': video_id}
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(
-        media_url = self._call_api('video/media', data, video_id)['media_url']
+            f'https://old.bitchute.com/video/{video_id}', video_id, headers=self._HEADERS)
        self._raise_if_restricted(webpage)
        publish_date = clean_html(get_element_by_class('video-publish-date', webpage))
        entries = self._parse_html5_media_entries(url, webpage, video_id)
        formats = []
-        if determine_ext(media_url) == 'm3u8':
+        for format_ in traverse_obj(entries, (0, 'formats', ...)):
            formats.extend(
                self._extract_m3u8_formats(media_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', live=True))
        else:
            if self.get_param('check_formats') is not False:
-                if fmt := self._check_format(media_url, video_id):
+                format_.update(self._check_format(format_.pop('url'), video_id) or {})
-                    formats.append(fmt)
+                if 'url' not in format_:
-            else:
+                    continue
-                formats.append({'url': media_url})
+            formats.append(format_)
        if not formats:
            self.raise_no_formats(
                'Video is unavailable. Please make sure this video is playable in the browser '
                'before reporting this issue.', expected=True, video_id=video_id)
-        video = self._call_api('video', data, video_id, fatal=False)
+        details = get_element_by_class('details', webpage) or ''
-        channel = None
+        uploader_html = get_element_html_by_class('creator', details) or ''
-        if channel_id := traverse_obj(video, ('channel', 'channel_id', {str})):
+        channel_html = get_element_html_by_class('name', details) or ''
            channel = self._call_api('channel', {'channel_id': channel_id}, video_id, fatal=False)
        return {
            **traverse_obj(video, {
                'title': ('video_name', {str}),
                'description': ('description', {str}),
                'thumbnail': ('thumbnail_url', {url_or_none}),
                'channel': ('channel', 'channel_name', {str}),
                'channel_id': ('channel', 'channel_id', {str}),
                'channel_url': ('channel', 'channel_url', {urljoin('https://www.bitchute.com/')}),
                'uploader_id': ('profile_id', {str}),
                'uploader_url': ('profile_id', {format_field(template=self._UPLOADER_URL_TMPL)}, filter),
                'timestamp': ('date_published', {parse_iso8601}),
                'duration': ('duration', {parse_duration}),
                'tags': ('hashtags', ..., {str}, filter, all, filter),
                'view_count': ('view_count', {int_or_none}),
                'is_live': ('state_id', {lambda x: x == 'live'}),
            }),
            **traverse_obj(channel, {
                'channel': ('channel_name', {str}),
                'channel_id': ('channel_id', {str}),
                'channel_url': ('url_slug', {format_field(template=self._CHANNEL_URL_TMPL)}, filter),
                'uploader': ('profile_name', {str}),
                'uploader_id': ('profile_id', {str}),
                'uploader_url': ('profile_id', {format_field(template=self._UPLOADER_URL_TMPL)}, filter),
            }),
            'id': video_id,
            'title': self._html_extract_title(webpage) or self._og_search_title(webpage),
            'description': self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None),
            'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage),
            'uploader': clean_html(uploader_html),
            'uploader_url': self._make_url(uploader_html),
            'channel': clean_html(channel_html),
            'channel_url': self._make_url(channel_html),
            'upload_date': unified_strdate(self._search_regex(
                r'at \d+:\d+ UTC on (.+?)\.', publish_date, 'upload date', fatal=False)),
            'formats': formats,
        }
@ -220,7 +190,7 @@ class BitChuteChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
                    'ext': 'mp4',
                    'title': 'This is the first video on #BitChute !',
                    'description': 'md5:a0337e7b1fe39e32336974af8173a034',
-                    'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.jpg$',
+                    'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
                    'uploader': 'BitChute',
                    'upload_date': '20170103',
                    'uploader_url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/profile/I5NgtHZn9vPj/',
@ -228,9 +198,6 @@ class BitChuteChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
                    'channel_url': 'https://www.bitchute.com/channel/bitchute/',
                    'duration': 16,
                    'view_count': int,
                    'uploader_id': 'I5NgtHZn9vPj',
                    'channel_id': '1VBwRfyNcKdX',
                    'timestamp': 1483425443,
                },
            },
        ],
@ -246,7 +213,6 @@ class BitChuteChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
            'title': 'Bruce MacDonald and "The Light of Darkness"',
            'description': 'md5:747724ef404eebdfc04277714f81863e',
        },
        'skip': '404 Not Found',
    }, {
        'url': 'https://old.bitchute.com/playlist/wV9Imujxasw9/',
        'only_matching': True,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bluesky.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bluesky.py
@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ class BlueskyIE(InfoExtractor):
            'channel_id': 'did:plc:z72i7hdynmk6r22z27h6tvur',
            'channel_url': 'https://bsky.app/profile/did:plc:z72i7hdynmk6r22z27h6tvur',
            'thumbnail': r're:https://video.bsky.app/watch/.*\.jpg$',
-            'title': 'Bluesky now has video! Update your app to version 1.91 or refresh on ...',
+            'title': 'Bluesky now has video! Update your app to versi...',
            'alt_title': 'Bluesky video feature announcement',
            'description': r're:(?s)Bluesky now has video! .{239}',
            'upload_date': '20240911',
@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ class BlueskyIE(InfoExtractor):
            'channel_id': 'did:plc:z72i7hdynmk6r22z27h6tvur',
            'channel_url': 'https://bsky.app/profile/did:plc:z72i7hdynmk6r22z27h6tvur',
            'thumbnail': r're:https://video.bsky.app/watch/.*\.jpg$',
-            'title': 'Bluesky now has video! Update your app to version 1.91 or refresh on ...',
+            'title': 'Bluesky now has video! Update your app to versi...',
            'alt_title': 'Bluesky video feature announcement',
            'description': r're:(?s)Bluesky now has video! .{239}',
            'upload_date': '20240911',
@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ class BlueskyIE(InfoExtractor):
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '3l7rdfxhyds2f',
            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'uploader': 'cinnamon 🐇 🏳️‍⚧️',
+            'uploader': 'cinnamon',
            'uploader_id': 'cinny.bun.how',
            'uploader_url': 'https://bsky.app/profile/cinny.bun.how',
            'channel_id': 'did:plc:7x6rtuenkuvxq3zsvffp2ide',
@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ class BlueskyIE(InfoExtractor):
            'info_dict': {
                'id': '3l77u64l7le2e',
                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': "hearing people on twitter say that bluesky isn't funny yet  so post t...",
+                'title': 'hearing people on twitter say that bluesky isn\'...',
                'like_count': int,
                'uploader_id': 'thafnine.net',
                'uploader_url': 'https://bsky.app/profile/thafnine.net',
@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ class BlueskyIE(InfoExtractor):
                'age_limit': (
                    'labels', ..., 'val', {lambda x: 18 if x in ('sexual', 'porn', 'graphic-media') else None}, any),
                'description': (*record_path, 'text', {str}, filter),
-                'title': (*record_path, 'text', {lambda x: x.replace('\n', ' ')}, {truncate_string(left=72)}),
+                'title': (*record_path, 'text', {lambda x: x.replace('\n', ' ')}, {truncate_string(left=50)}),
            }),
        })
        return entries
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bokecc.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bokecc.py
@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class BokeCCBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 class BokeCCIE(BokeCCBaseIE):
-    IE_DESC = 'CC视频'
+    _IE_DESC = 'CC视频'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://union\.bokecc\.com/playvideo\.bo\?(?P<query>.*)'
    _TESTS = [{
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bpb.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bpb.py
@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ from ..utils import (
    join_nonempty,
    js_to_json,
    mimetype2ext,
    parse_resolution,
    unified_strdate,
    url_or_none,
    urljoin,
@ -111,23 +110,24 @@ class BpbIE(InfoExtractor):
        return attributes
-    def _process_source(self, source):
+    @staticmethod
    def _process_source(source):
        url = url_or_none(source['src'])
        if not url:
            return None
        source_type = source.get('type', '')
        extension = mimetype2ext(source_type)
-        note = self._search_regex(r'[_-]([a-z]+)\.[\da-z]+(?:$|\?)', url, 'note', default=None)
+        is_video = source_type.startswith('video')
        note = url.rpartition('.')[0].rpartition('_')[2] if is_video else None
        return {
            'url': url,
            'ext': extension,
-            'vcodec': None if source_type.startswith('video') else 'none',
+            'vcodec': None if is_video else 'none',
            'quality': 10 if note == 'high' else 0,
            'format_note': note,
            'format_id': join_nonempty(extension, note),
            **parse_resolution(source.get('label')),
        }
    def _real_extract(self, url):
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/bunnycdn.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/bunnycdn.py
@ -1,178 +0,0 @@
 import json
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..networking import HEADRequest
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    extract_attributes,
    int_or_none,
    parse_qs,
    smuggle_url,
    unsmuggle_url,
    url_or_none,
    urlhandle_detect_ext,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import find_element, traverse_obj
 class BunnyCdnIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:iframe\.mediadelivery\.net|video\.bunnycdn\.com)/(?:embed|play)/(?P<library_id>\d+)/(?P<id>[\da-f-]+)'
    _EMBED_REGEX = [rf'<iframe[^>]+src=[\'"](?P<url>{_VALID_URL}[^\'"]*)[\'"]']
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://iframe.mediadelivery.net/embed/113933/e73edec1-e381-4c8b-ae73-717a140e0924',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'e73edec1-e381-4c8b-ae73-717a140e0924',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'mistress morgana (3).mp4',
            'description': '',
            'timestamp': 1693251673,
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.b-cdn\.net/e73edec1-e381-4c8b-ae73-717a140e0924/thumbnail\.jpg',
            'duration': 7.0,
            'upload_date': '20230828',
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        'url': 'https://iframe.mediadelivery.net/play/136145/32e34c4b-0d72-437c-9abb-05e67657da34',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '32e34c4b-0d72-437c-9abb-05e67657da34',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'timestamp': 1691145748,
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.b-cdn\.net/32e34c4b-0d72-437c-9abb-05e67657da34/thumbnail_9172dc16\.jpg',
            'duration': 106.0,
            'description': 'md5:981a3e899a5c78352b21ed8b2f1efd81',
            'upload_date': '20230804',
            'title': 'Sanela ist Teil der #arbeitsmarktkraft',
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # Stream requires activation and pings
        'url': 'https://iframe.mediadelivery.net/embed/200867/2e8545ec-509d-4571-b855-4cf0235ccd75',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '2e8545ec-509d-4571-b855-4cf0235ccd75',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'timestamp': 1708497752,
            'title': 'netflix part 1',
            'duration': 3959.0,
            'description': '',
            'upload_date': '20240221',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.b-cdn\.net/2e8545ec-509d-4571-b855-4cf0235ccd75/thumbnail\.jpg',
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }]
    _WEBPAGE_TESTS = [{
        # Stream requires Referer
        'url': 'https://conword.io/',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '3a5d863e-9cd6-447e-b6ef-e289af50b349',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Conword bei der Stadt Köln und Stadt Dortmund',
            'description': '',
            'upload_date': '20231031',
            'duration': 31.0,
            'thumbnail': 'https://video.watchuh.com/3a5d863e-9cd6-447e-b6ef-e289af50b349/thumbnail.jpg',
            'timestamp': 1698783879,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }, {
        # URL requires token and expires
        'url': 'https://www.stockphotos.com/video/moscow-subway-the-train-is-arriving-at-the-park-kultury-station-10017830',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '0b02fa20-4e8c-4140-8f87-f64d820a3386',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.b-cdn\.net/0b02fa20-4e8c-4140-8f87-f64d820a3386/thumbnail\.jpg',
            'title': 'Moscow subway. The train is arriving at the Park Kultury station.',
            'upload_date': '20240531',
            'duration': 18.0,
            'timestamp': 1717152269,
            'description': '',
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': True},
    }]
    @classmethod
    def _extract_embed_urls(cls, url, webpage):
        for embed_url in super()._extract_embed_urls(url, webpage):
            yield smuggle_url(embed_url, {'Referer': url})
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        url, smuggled_data = unsmuggle_url(url, {})
        video_id, library_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'library_id')
        webpage = self._download_webpage(
            f'https://iframe.mediadelivery.net/embed/{library_id}/{video_id}', video_id,
            headers=traverse_obj(smuggled_data, {'Referer': 'Referer'}),
            query=traverse_obj(parse_qs(url), {'token': 'token', 'expires': 'expires'}))
        if html_title := self._html_extract_title(webpage, default=None) == '403':
            raise ExtractorError(
                'This video is inaccessible. Setting a Referer header '
                'might be required to access the video', expected=True)
        elif html_title == '404':
            raise ExtractorError('This video does not exist', expected=True)
        headers = {'Referer': url}
        info = traverse_obj(self._parse_html5_media_entries(url, webpage, video_id, _headers=headers), 0) or {}
        formats = info.get('formats') or []
        subtitles = info.get('subtitles') or {}
        original_url = self._search_regex(
            r'(?:var|const|let)\s+originalUrl\s*=\s*["\']([^"\']+)["\']', webpage, 'original url', default=None)
        if url_or_none(original_url):
            urlh = self._request_webpage(
                HEADRequest(original_url), video_id=video_id, note='Checking original',
                headers=headers, fatal=False, expected_status=(403, 404))
            if urlh and urlh.status == 200:
                formats.append({
                    'url': original_url,
                    'format_id': 'source',
                    'quality': 1,
                    'http_headers': headers,
                    'ext': urlhandle_detect_ext(urlh, default='mp4'),
                    'filesize': int_or_none(urlh.get_header('Content-Length')),
                })
        # MediaCage Streams require activation and pings
        src_url = self._search_regex(
            r'\.setAttribute\([\'"]src[\'"],\s*[\'"]([^\'"]+)[\'"]\)', webpage, 'src url', default=None)
        activation_url = self._search_regex(
            r'loadUrl\([\'"]([^\'"]+/activate)[\'"]', webpage, 'activation url', default=None)
        ping_url = self._search_regex(
            r'loadUrl\([\'"]([^\'"]+/ping)[\'"]', webpage, 'ping url', default=None)
        secret = traverse_obj(parse_qs(src_url), ('secret', 0))
        context_id = traverse_obj(parse_qs(src_url), ('contextId', 0))
        ping_data = {}
        if src_url and activation_url and ping_url and secret and context_id:
            self._download_webpage(
                activation_url, video_id, headers=headers, note='Downloading activation data')
            fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                src_url, video_id, 'mp4', headers=headers, m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
            for fmt in fmts:
                fmt.update({
                    'protocol': 'bunnycdn',
                    'http_headers': headers,
                })
            formats.extend(fmts)
            self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
            ping_data = {
                '_bunnycdn_ping_data': {
                    'url': ping_url,
                    'headers': headers,
                    'secret': secret,
                    'context_id': context_id,
                },
            }
        return {
            'id': video_id,
            'formats': formats,
            'subtitles': subtitles,
            **traverse_obj(webpage, ({find_element(id='main-video', html=True)}, {extract_attributes}, {
                'title': ('data-plyr-config', {json.loads}, 'title', {str}),
                'thumbnail': ('data-poster', {url_or_none}),
            })),
            **ping_data,
            **self._search_json_ld(webpage, video_id, fatal=False),
        }
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/canalsurmas.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/canalsurmas.py
@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
 import json
 import time
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
    determine_ext,
    float_or_none,
    jwt_decode_hs256,
    parse_iso8601,
    url_or_none,
    variadic,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class CanalsurmasIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?canalsurmas\.es/videos/(?P<id>\d+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.canalsurmas.es/videos/44006-el-gran-queo-1-lora-del-rio-sevilla-20072014',
        'md5': '861f86fdc1221175e15523047d0087ef',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '44006',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Lora del Río (Sevilla)',
            'description': 'md5:3d9ee40a9b1b26ed8259e6b71ed27b8b',
            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn2.rtva.interactvty.com/content_cards/00f3e8f67b0a4f3b90a4a14618a48b0d.jpg',
            'timestamp': 1648123182,
            'upload_date': '20220324',
        },
    }]
    _API_BASE = 'https://api-rtva.interactvty.com'
    _access_token = None
    @staticmethod
    def _is_jwt_expired(token):
        return jwt_decode_hs256(token)['exp'] - time.time() < 300
    def _call_api(self, endpoint, video_id, fields=None):
        if not self._access_token or self._is_jwt_expired(self._access_token):
            self._access_token = self._download_json(
                f'{self._API_BASE}/jwt/token/', None,
                'Downloading access token', 'Failed to download access token',
                headers={'Content-Type': 'application/json'},
                data=json.dumps({
                    'username': 'canalsur_demo',
                    'password': 'dsUBXUcI',
                }).encode())['access']
        return self._download_json(
            f'{self._API_BASE}/api/2.0/contents/{endpoint}/{video_id}/', video_id,
            f'Downloading {endpoint} API JSON', f'Failed to download {endpoint} API JSON',
            headers={'Authorization': f'jwtok {self._access_token}'},
            query={'optional_fields': ','.join(variadic(fields))} if fields else None)
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        video_id = self._match_id(url)
        video_info = self._call_api('content', video_id, fields=[
            'description', 'image', 'duration', 'created_at', 'tags',
        ])
        stream_info = self._call_api('content_resources', video_id, 'media_url')
        formats, subtitles = [], {}
        for stream_url in traverse_obj(stream_info, ('results', ..., 'media_url', {url_or_none})):
            if determine_ext(stream_url) == 'm3u8':
                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                    stream_url, video_id, m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
                formats.extend(fmts)
                self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
            else:
                formats.append({'url': stream_url})
        return {
            'id': video_id,
            'formats': formats,
            'subtitles': subtitles,
            **traverse_obj(video_info, {
                'title': ('name', {str.strip}),
                'description': ('description', {str}),
                'thumbnail': ('image', {url_or_none}),
                'duration': ('duration', {float_or_none}),
                'timestamp': ('created_at', {parse_iso8601}),
                'tags': ('tags', ..., {str}),
            }),
        }
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cbc.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cbc.py
@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 import base64
 import functools
 import json
 import re
 import time
 import urllib.parse
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..networking import HEADRequest
 from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    float_or_none,
    int_or_none,
    js_to_json,
    jwt_decode_hs256,
    mimetype2ext,
    orderedSet,
    parse_age_limit,
@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ from ..utils import (
    update_url,
    url_basename,
    url_or_none,
    urlencode_postdata,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import require, traverse_obj, trim_str
@ -609,93 +608,81 @@ class CBCGemIE(CBCGemBaseIE):
        'only_matching': True,
    }]
-    _CLIENT_ID = 'fc05b0ee-3865-4400-a3cc-3da82c330c23'
+    _TOKEN_API_KEY = '3f4beddd-2061-49b0-ae80-6f1f2ed65b37'
    _refresh_token = None
    _access_token = None
    _claims_token = None
-    @functools.cached_property
+    def _new_claims_token(self, email, password):
-    def _ropc_settings(self):
+        data = json.dumps({
-        return self._download_json(
+            'email': email,
            'https://services.radio-canada.ca/ott/catalog/v1/gem/settings', None,
            'Downloading site settings', query={'device': 'web'})['identityManagement']['ropc']
    def _is_jwt_expired(self, token):
        return jwt_decode_hs256(token)['exp'] - time.time() < 300
    def _call_oauth_api(self, oauth_data, note='Refreshing access token'):
        response = self._download_json(
            self._ropc_settings['url'], None, note, data=urlencode_postdata({
                'client_id': self._CLIENT_ID,
                **oauth_data,
                'scope': self._ropc_settings['scopes'],
            }))
        self._refresh_token = response['refresh_token']
        self._access_token = response['access_token']
        self.cache.store(self._NETRC_MACHINE, 'token_data', [self._refresh_token, self._access_token])
    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
        if not self._refresh_token:
            self._refresh_token, self._access_token = self.cache.load(
                self._NETRC_MACHINE, 'token_data', default=[None, None])
        if self._refresh_token and self._access_token:
            self.write_debug('Using cached refresh token')
            if not self._claims_token:
                self._claims_token = self.cache.load(self._NETRC_MACHINE, 'claims_token')
            return
        try:
            self._call_oauth_api({
                'grant_type': 'password',
                'username': username,
            'password': password,
-            }, note='Logging in')
+        }).encode()
-        except ExtractorError as e:
+        headers = {'content-type': 'application/json'}
-            if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 400:
+        query = {'apikey': self._TOKEN_API_KEY}
-                raise ExtractorError('Invalid username and/or password', expected=True)
+        resp = self._download_json('https://api.loginradius.com/identity/v2/auth/login',
-            raise
+                                   None, data=data, headers=headers, query=query)
        access_token = resp['access_token']
-    def _fetch_access_token(self):
+        query = {
-        if self._is_jwt_expired(self._access_token):
+            'access_token': access_token,
-            try:
+            'apikey': self._TOKEN_API_KEY,
-                self._call_oauth_api({
+            'jwtapp': 'jwt',
-                    'grant_type': 'refresh_token',
+        }
-                    'refresh_token': self._refresh_token,
+        resp = self._download_json('https://cloud-api.loginradius.com/sso/jwt/api/token',
-                })
+                                   None, headers=headers, query=query)
-            except ExtractorError:
+        sig = resp['signature']
                self._refresh_token, self._access_token = None, None
                self.cache.store(self._NETRC_MACHINE, 'token_data', [None, None])
                self.report_warning('Refresh token has been invalidated; retrying with credentials')
                self._perform_login(*self._get_login_info())
-        return self._access_token
+        data = json.dumps({'jwt': sig}).encode()
        headers = {'content-type': 'application/json', 'ott-device-type': 'web'}
        resp = self._download_json('https://services.radio-canada.ca/ott/cbc-api/v2/token',
                                   None, data=data, headers=headers, expected_status=426)
        cbc_access_token = resp['accessToken']
-    def _fetch_claims_token(self):
+        headers = {'content-type': 'application/json', 'ott-device-type': 'web', 'ott-access-token': cbc_access_token}
-        if not self._get_login_info()[0]:
+        resp = self._download_json('https://services.radio-canada.ca/ott/cbc-api/v2/profile',
-            return None
+                                   None, headers=headers, expected_status=426)
        return resp['claimsToken']
-        if not self._claims_token or self._is_jwt_expired(self._claims_token):
+    def _get_claims_token_expiry(self):
-            self._claims_token = self._download_json(
+        # Token is a JWT
-                'https://services.radio-canada.ca/ott/subscription/v2/gem/Subscriber/profile',
+        # JWT is decoded here and 'exp' field is extracted
-                None, 'Downloading claims token', query={'device': 'web'},
+        # It is a Unix timestamp for when the token expires
-                headers={'Authorization': f'Bearer {self._fetch_access_token()}'})['claimsToken']
+        b64_data = self._claims_token.split('.')[1]
        data = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(b64_data + '==')
        return json.loads(data)['exp']
    def claims_token_expired(self):
        exp = self._get_claims_token_expiry()
        # It will expire in less than 10 seconds, or has already expired
        return exp - time.time() < 10
    def claims_token_valid(self):
        return self._claims_token is not None and not self.claims_token_expired()
    def _get_claims_token(self, email, password):
        if not self.claims_token_valid():
            self._claims_token = self._new_claims_token(email, password)
            self.cache.store(self._NETRC_MACHINE, 'claims_token', self._claims_token)
        else:
            self.write_debug('Using cached claims token')
        return self._claims_token
    def _real_initialize(self):
        if self.claims_token_valid():
            return
        self._claims_token = self.cache.load(self._NETRC_MACHINE, 'claims_token')
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        video_id, season_number = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'season')
        video_info = self._call_show_api(video_id)
        item_info = traverse_obj(video_info, (
            'content', ..., 'lineups', ..., 'items',
            lambda _, v: v['url'] == video_id, any, {require('item info')}))
        media_id = item_info['idMedia']
        email, password = self._get_login_info()
        if email and password:
            claims_token = self._get_claims_token(email, password)
            headers = {'x-claims-token': claims_token}
        else:
            headers = {}
        if claims_token := self._fetch_claims_token():
            headers['x-claims-token'] = claims_token
        m3u8_info = self._download_json(
            'https://services.radio-canada.ca/media/validation/v2/',
@ -708,7 +695,7 @@ class CBCGemIE(CBCGemBaseIE):
                'tech': 'hls',
                'manifestVersion': '2',
                'manifestType': 'desktop',
-                'idMedia': item_info['idMedia'],
+                'idMedia': media_id,
            })
        if m3u8_info.get('errorCode') == 1:
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cda.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cda.py
@ -13,17 +13,16 @@ from ..compat import compat_ord
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    OnDemandPagedList,
    determine_ext,
    float_or_none,
    int_or_none,
    merge_dicts,
    multipart_encode,
    parse_duration,
    traverse_obj,
    try_call,
-    url_or_none,
+    try_get,
    urljoin,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class CDAIE(InfoExtractor):
@ -122,7 +121,10 @@ class CDAIE(InfoExtractor):
            }, **kwargs)
    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        app_version = '1.2.255 build 21541'
+        app_version = random.choice((
            '1.2.88 build 15306',
            '1.2.174 build 18469',
        ))
        android_version = random.randrange(8, 14)
        phone_model = random.choice((
            # x-kom.pl top selling Android smartphones, as of 2022-12-26
@ -188,7 +190,7 @@ class CDAIE(InfoExtractor):
        meta = self._download_json(
            f'{self._BASE_API_URL}/video/{video_id}', video_id, headers=self._API_HEADERS)['video']
-        uploader = traverse_obj(meta, ('author', 'login', {str}))
+        uploader = traverse_obj(meta, 'author', 'login')
        formats = [{
            'url': quality['file'],
@ -291,16 +293,15 @@ class CDAIE(InfoExtractor):
            if not video or 'file' not in video:
                self.report_warning(f'Unable to extract {version} version information')
                return
            video_quality = video.get('quality')
            qualities = video.get('qualities', {})
            video_quality = next((k for k, v in qualities.items() if v == video_quality), video_quality)
            if video.get('file'):
            if video['file'].startswith('uggc'):
                video['file'] = codecs.decode(video['file'], 'rot_13')
                if video['file'].endswith('adc.mp4'):
                    video['file'] = video['file'].replace('adc.mp4', '.mp4')
            elif not video['file'].startswith('http'):
                video['file'] = decrypt_file(video['file'])
            video_quality = video.get('quality')
            qualities = video.get('qualities', {})
            video_quality = next((k for k, v in qualities.items() if v == video_quality), video_quality)
            info_dict['formats'].append({
                'url': video['file'],
                'format_id': video_quality,
@ -312,26 +313,14 @@ class CDAIE(InfoExtractor):
                data = {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'method': 'videoGetLink', 'id': 2,
                        'params': [video_id, cda_quality, video.get('ts'), video.get('hash2'), {}]}
                data = json.dumps(data).encode()
-                response = self._download_json(
+                video_url = self._download_json(
                    f'https://www.cda.pl/video/{video_id}', video_id, headers={
                        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
                        'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
                    }, data=data, note=f'Fetching {quality} url',
                    errnote=f'Failed to fetch {quality} url', fatal=False)
-                if (
+                if try_get(video_url, lambda x: x['result']['status']) == 'ok':
-                    traverse_obj(response, ('result', 'status')) != 'ok'
+                    video_url = try_get(video_url, lambda x: x['result']['resp'])
                    or not traverse_obj(response, ('result', 'resp', {url_or_none}))
                ):
                    continue
                video_url = response['result']['resp']
                ext = determine_ext(video_url)
                if ext == 'mpd':
                    info_dict['formats'].extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
                        video_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
                elif ext == 'm3u8':
                    info_dict['formats'].extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                        video_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
                else:
                    info_dict['formats'].append({
                        'url': video_url,
                        'format_id': quality,
@ -367,7 +356,7 @@ class CDAIE(InfoExtractor):
 class CDAFolderIE(InfoExtractor):
    _MAX_PAGE_SIZE = 36
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cda\.pl/(?P<channel>[\w-]+)/folder/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cda\.pl/(?P<channel>\w+)/folder/(?P<id>\d+)'
    _TESTS = [
        {
            'url': 'https://www.cda.pl/domino264/folder/31188385',
@ -392,9 +381,6 @@ class CDAFolderIE(InfoExtractor):
                'title': 'TESTY KOSMETYKÓW',
            },
            'playlist_mincount': 139,
        }, {
            'url': 'https://www.cda.pl/FILMY-SERIALE-ANIME-KRESKOWKI-BAJKI/folder/18493422',
            'only_matching': True,
        }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/chzzk.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/chzzk.py
@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class CHZZKLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
            'channel': '진짜도현',
            'channel_id': 'c68b8ef525fb3d2fa146344d84991753',
            'channel_is_verified': False,
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.jpg',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
            'timestamp': 1705510344,
            'upload_date': '20240117',
            'live_status': 'is_live',
@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ class CHZZKVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
            'channel': '침착맨',
            'channel_id': 'bb382c2c0cc9fa7c86ab3b037fb5799c',
            'channel_is_verified': False,
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.jpg',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
            'duration': 15577,
            'timestamp': 1702970505.417,
            'upload_date': '20231219',
@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ class CHZZKVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
            'channel': '라디유radiyu',
            'channel_id': '68f895c59a1043bc5019b5e08c83a5c5',
            'channel_is_verified': False,
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.jpg',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
            'duration': 95,
            'timestamp': 1703102631.722,
            'upload_date': '20231220',
@ -131,30 +131,12 @@ class CHZZKVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
            'channel': '강지',
            'channel_id': 'b5ed5db484d04faf4d150aedd362f34b',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
-            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.jpg',
+            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
            'duration': 4433,
            'timestamp': 1703307460.214,
            'upload_date': '20231223',
            'view_count': int,
        },
    }, {
        # video_status == 'NONE' but is downloadable
        'url': 'https://chzzk.naver.com/video/6325166',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '6325166',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '와이프 숙제빼주기',
            'channel': '이 다',
            'channel_id': '0076a519f147ee9fd0959bf02f9571ca',
            'channel_is_verified': False,
            'view_count': int,
            'duration': 28167,
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.jpg',
            'timestamp': 1742139216.86,
            'upload_date': '20250316',
            'live_status': 'was_live',
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
@ -165,7 +147,11 @@ class CHZZKVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
        live_status = 'was_live' if video_meta.get('liveOpenDate') else 'not_live'
        video_status = video_meta.get('vodStatus')
-        if video_status == 'ABR_HLS':
+        if video_status == 'UPLOAD':
            playback = self._parse_json(video_meta['liveRewindPlaybackJson'], video_id)
            formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                playback['media'][0]['path'], video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
        elif video_status == 'ABR_HLS':
            formats, subtitles = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
                f'https://apis.naver.com/neonplayer/vodplay/v1/playback/{video_meta["videoId"]}',
                video_id, query={
@ -175,13 +161,6 @@ class CHZZKVideoIE(InfoExtractor):
                    'cpl': 'en_US',
                })
        else:
            fatal = video_status == 'UPLOAD'
            playback = self._parse_json(video_meta['liveRewindPlaybackJson'], video_id, fatal=fatal)
            formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                traverse_obj(playback, ('media', 0, 'path')), video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=fatal)
            if formats and video_status != 'UPLOAD':
                self.write_debug(f'Video found with status: "{video_status}"')
            elif not formats:
            self.raise_no_formats(
                f'Unknown video status detected: "{video_status}"', expected=True, video_id=video_id)
            formats, subtitles = [], {}
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/common.py
@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ from ..compat import (
 from ..cookies import LenientSimpleCookie
 from ..downloader.f4m import get_base_url, remove_encrypted_media
 from ..downloader.hls import HlsFD
 from ..globals import plugin_ies_overrides
 from ..networking import HEADRequest, Request
 from ..networking.exceptions import (
    HTTPError,
@ -78,7 +77,6 @@ from ..utils import (
    parse_iso8601,
    parse_m3u8_attributes,
    parse_resolution,
    qualities,
    sanitize_url,
    smuggle_url,
    str_or_none,
@ -1570,8 +1568,6 @@ class InfoExtractor:
        """Yield all json ld objects in the html"""
        if default is not NO_DEFAULT:
            fatal = False
        if not fatal and not isinstance(html, str):
            return
        for mobj in re.finditer(JSON_LD_RE, html):
            json_ld_item = self._parse_json(
                mobj.group('json_ld'), video_id, fatal=fatal,
@ -2180,8 +2176,6 @@ class InfoExtractor:
            media_url = media.get('URI')
            if media_url:
                manifest_url = format_url(media_url)
                is_audio = media_type == 'AUDIO'
                is_alternate = media.get('DEFAULT') == 'NO' or media.get('AUTOSELECT') == 'NO'
                formats.extend({
                    'format_id': join_nonempty(m3u8_id, group_id, name, idx),
                    'format_note': name,
@ -2194,11 +2188,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                    'preference': preference,
                    'quality': quality,
                    'has_drm': has_drm,
-                    'vcodec': 'none' if is_audio else None,
+                    'vcodec': 'none' if media_type == 'AUDIO' else None,
                    # Alternate audio formats (e.g. audio description) should be deprioritized
                    'source_preference': -2 if is_audio and is_alternate else None,
                    # Save this to assign source_preference based on associated video stream
                    '_audio_group_id': group_id if is_audio and not is_alternate else None,
                } for idx in _extract_m3u8_playlist_indices(manifest_url))
        def build_stream_name():
@ -2293,8 +2283,6 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                    # ignore references to rendition groups and treat them
                    # as complete formats.
                    if audio_group_id and codecs and f.get('vcodec') != 'none':
                        # Save this to determine quality of audio formats that only have a GROUP-ID
                        f['_audio_group_id'] = audio_group_id
                        audio_group = groups.get(audio_group_id)
                        if audio_group and audio_group[0].get('URI'):
                            # TODO: update acodec for audio only formats with
@ -2317,28 +2305,6 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                        formats.append(http_f)
                last_stream_inf = {}
        # Some audio-only formats only have a GROUP-ID without any other quality/bitrate/codec info
        # Each audio GROUP-ID corresponds with one or more video formats' AUDIO attribute
        # For sorting purposes, set source_preference based on the quality of the video formats they are grouped with
        # See https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/11178
        audio_groups_by_quality = orderedSet(f['_audio_group_id'] for f in sorted(
            traverse_obj(formats, lambda _, v: v.get('vcodec') != 'none' and v['_audio_group_id']),
            key=lambda x: (x.get('tbr') or 0, x.get('width') or 0)))
        audio_quality_map = {
            audio_groups_by_quality[0]: 'low',
            audio_groups_by_quality[-1]: 'high',
        } if len(audio_groups_by_quality) > 1 else None
        audio_preference = qualities(audio_groups_by_quality)
        for fmt in formats:
            audio_group_id = fmt.pop('_audio_group_id', None)
            if not audio_quality_map or not audio_group_id or fmt.get('vcodec') != 'none':
                continue
            # Use source_preference since quality and preference are set by params
            fmt['source_preference'] = audio_preference(audio_group_id)
            fmt['format_note'] = join_nonempty(
                fmt.get('format_note'), audio_quality_map.get(audio_group_id), delim=', ')
        return formats, subtitles
    def _extract_m3u8_vod_duration(
@ -2968,7 +2934,8 @@ class InfoExtractor:
                            segment_duration = None
                            if 'total_number' not in representation_ms_info and 'segment_duration' in representation_ms_info:
                                segment_duration = float_or_none(representation_ms_info['segment_duration'], representation_ms_info['timescale'])
-                                representation_ms_info['total_number'] = math.ceil(float_or_none(period_duration, segment_duration, default=0))
+                                representation_ms_info['total_number'] = int(math.ceil(
                                    float_or_none(period_duration, segment_duration, default=0)))
                            representation_ms_info['fragments'] = [{
                                media_location_key: media_template % {
                                    'Number': segment_number,
@ -3987,18 +3954,14 @@ class InfoExtractor:
    def __init_subclass__(cls, *, plugin_name=None, **kwargs):
        if plugin_name:
            mro = inspect.getmro(cls)
-            next_mro_class = super_class = mro[mro.index(cls) + 1]
+            super_class = cls.__wrapped__ = mro[mro.index(cls) + 1]
-
+            cls.PLUGIN_NAME, cls.ie_key = plugin_name, super_class.ie_key
            cls.IE_NAME = f'{super_class.IE_NAME}+{plugin_name}'
            while getattr(super_class, '__wrapped__', None):
                super_class = super_class.__wrapped__
            if not any(override.PLUGIN_NAME == plugin_name for override in plugin_ies_overrides.value[super_class]):
                cls.__wrapped__ = next_mro_class
                cls.PLUGIN_NAME, cls.ie_key = plugin_name, next_mro_class.ie_key
                cls.IE_NAME = f'{next_mro_class.IE_NAME}+{plugin_name}'
            setattr(sys.modules[super_class.__module__], super_class.__name__, cls)
-                plugin_ies_overrides.value[super_class].append(cls)
+            _PLUGIN_OVERRIDES[super_class].append(cls)
        return super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
@ -4054,3 +4017,6 @@ class UnsupportedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        raise UnsupportedError(url)
 _PLUGIN_OVERRIDES = collections.defaultdict(list)
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/crowdbunker.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/crowdbunker.py
@ -5,9 +5,7 @@ from ..utils import (
    int_or_none,
    try_get,
    unified_strdate,
    url_or_none,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class CrowdBunkerIE(InfoExtractor):
@ -46,15 +44,16 @@ class CrowdBunkerIE(InfoExtractor):
                'url': sub_url,
            })
-        if mpd_url := traverse_obj(video_json, ('dashManifest', 'url', {url_or_none})):
+        mpd_url = try_get(video_json, lambda x: x['dashManifest']['url'])
-            fmts, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(mpd_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False)
+        if mpd_url:
            fmts, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(mpd_url, video_id)
            formats.extend(fmts)
-            self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+            subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
-
+        m3u8_url = try_get(video_json, lambda x: x['hlsManifest']['url'])
-        if m3u8_url := traverse_obj(video_json, ('hlsManifest', 'url', {url_or_none})):
+        if m3u8_url:
-            fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(m3u8_url, video_id, m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
+            fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(mpd_url, video_id)
            formats.extend(fmts)
-            self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+            subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, subs)
        thumbnails = [{
            'url': image['url'],
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cultureunplugged.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cultureunplugged.py
@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from ..utils import int_or_none
 class CultureUnpluggedIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cultureunplugged\.com/(?:documentary/watch-online/)?play/(?P<id>\d+)(?:/(?P<display_id>[^/#?]+))?'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cultureunplugged\.com/documentary/watch-online/play/(?P<id>\d+)(?:/(?P<display_id>[^/]+))?'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'http://www.cultureunplugged.com/documentary/watch-online/play/53662/The-Next--Best-West',
        'md5': 'ac6c093b089f7d05e79934dcb3d228fc',
@ -12,25 +12,12 @@ class CultureUnpluggedIE(InfoExtractor):
            'display_id': 'The-Next--Best-West',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'The Next, Best West',
-            'description': 'md5:770033a3b7c2946a3bcfb7f1c6fb7045',
+            'description': 'md5:0423cd00833dea1519cf014e9d0903b1',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
-            'creators': ['Coldstream Creative'],
+            'creator': 'Coldstream Creative',
            'duration': 2203,
            'view_count': int,
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.cultureunplugged.com/play/2833/Koi-Sunta-Hai--Journeys-with-Kumar---Kabir--Someone-is-Listening-',
        'md5': 'dc2014bc470dfccba389a1c934fa29fa',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '2833',
            'display_id': 'Koi-Sunta-Hai--Journeys-with-Kumar---Kabir--Someone-is-Listening-',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Koi Sunta Hai: Journeys with Kumar & Kabir (Someone is Listening)',
            'description': 'md5:fa94ac934927c98660362b8285b2cda5',
            'view_count': int,
            'thumbnail': 'https://s3.amazonaws.com/cdn.cultureunplugged.com/thumbnails_16_9/lg/2833.jpg',
            'creators': ['Srishti'],
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'http://www.cultureunplugged.com/documentary/watch-online/play/53662',
        'only_matching': True,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dacast.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dacast.py
@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    classproperty,
    float_or_none,
    parse_qs,
    traverse_obj,
    url_or_none,
 )
@ -92,15 +91,11 @@ class DacastVODIE(DacastBaseIE):
        # Rotates every so often, but hardcode a fallback in case of JS change/breakage before rotation
        return self._search_regex(
            r'\bUSP_SIGNING_SECRET\s*=\s*(["\'])(?P<secret>(?:(?!\1).)+)', player_js,
-            'usp signing secret', group='secret', fatal=False) or 'hGDtqMKYVeFdofrAfFmBcrsakaZELajI'
+            'usp signing secret', group='secret', fatal=False) or 'odnInCGqhvtyRTtIiddxtuRtawYYICZP'
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        user_id, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('user_id', 'id')
-        query = {
+        query = {'contentId': f'{user_id}-vod-{video_id}', 'provider': 'universe'}
            'contentId': f'{user_id}-vod-{video_id}',
            'provider': 'universe',
            **traverse_obj(url, ({parse_qs}, 'uss_token', {'signedKey': -1})),
        }
        info = self._download_json(self._API_INFO_URL, video_id, query=query, fatal=False)
        access = self._download_json(
            'https://playback.dacast.com/content/access', video_id,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymotion.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dailymotion.py
@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class DailymotionBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
 class DailymotionIE(DailymotionBaseInfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = r'''(?ix)
-                    (?:https?:)?//
+                    https?://
                    (?:
                        dai\.ly/|
                        (?:
@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ class DailymotionIE(DailymotionBaseInfoExtractor):
                    (?P<id>[^/?_&#]+)(?:[\w-]*\?playlist=(?P<playlist_id>x[0-9a-z]+))?
    '''
    IE_NAME = 'dailymotion'
-    _EMBED_REGEX = [rf'(?ix)<(?:(?:embed|iframe)[^>]+?src=|input[^>]+id=[\'"]dmcloudUrlEmissionSelect[\'"][^>]+value=)["\'](?P<url>{_VALID_URL[5:]})']
+    _EMBED_REGEX = [r'<(?:(?:embed|iframe)[^>]+?src=|input[^>]+id=[\'"]dmcloudUrlEmissionSelect[\'"][^>]+value=)(["\'])(?P<url>(?:https?:)?//(?:www\.)?dailymotion\.com/(?:embed|swf)/video/.+?)\1']
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x5kesuj_office-christmas-party-review-jason-bateman-olivia-munn-t-j-miller_news',
        'md5': '074b95bdee76b9e3654137aee9c79dfe',
@ -308,25 +308,6 @@ class DailymotionIE(DailymotionBaseInfoExtractor):
            'description': 'Que lindura',
            'tags': [],
        },
    }, {
        # //geo.dailymotion.com/player/xysxq.html?video=k2Y4Mjp7krAF9iCuINM
        'url': 'https://lcp.fr/programmes/avant-la-catastrophe-la-naissance-de-la-dictature-nazie-1933-1936-346819',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'k2Y4Mjp7krAF9iCuINM',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Avant la catastrophe la naissance de la dictature nazie 1933 -1936',
            'description': 'md5:7b620d5e26edbe45f27bbddc1c0257c1',
            'uploader': 'LCP Assemblée nationale',
            'uploader_id': 'xbz33d',
            'view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'age_limit': 0,
            'duration': 3220,
            'thumbnail': 'https://s1.dmcdn.net/v/Xvumk1djJBUZfjj2a/x1080',
            'tags': [],
            'timestamp': 1739919947,
            'upload_date': '20250218',
        },
    }]
    _GEO_BYPASS = False
    _COMMON_MEDIA_FIELDS = '''description
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/deezer.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/deezer.py
@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
 import json
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    int_or_none,
    orderedSet,
 )
 class DeezerBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
    def get_data(self, url):
        if not self.get_param('test'):
            self.report_warning('For now, this extractor only supports the 30 second previews. Patches welcome!')
        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
        data_id = mobj.group('id')
        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, data_id)
        geoblocking_msg = self._html_search_regex(
            r'<p class="soon-txt">(.*?)</p>', webpage, 'geoblocking message',
            default=None)
        if geoblocking_msg is not None:
            raise ExtractorError(
                f'Deezer said: {geoblocking_msg}', expected=True)
        data_json = self._search_regex(
            (r'__DZR_APP_STATE__\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*</script>',
             r'naboo\.display\(\'[^\']+\',\s*(.*?)\);\n'),
            webpage, 'data JSON')
        data = json.loads(data_json)
        return data_id, webpage, data
 class DeezerPlaylistIE(DeezerBaseInfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?deezer\.com/(../)?playlist/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
    _TEST = {
        'url': 'http://www.deezer.com/playlist/176747451',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '176747451',
            'title': 'Best!',
            'uploader': 'anonymous',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://(e-)?cdns-images\.dzcdn\.net/images/cover/.*\.jpg$',
        },
        'playlist_count': 29,
    }
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        playlist_id, webpage, data = self.get_data(url)
        playlist_title = data.get('DATA', {}).get('TITLE')
        playlist_uploader = data.get('DATA', {}).get('PARENT_USERNAME')
        playlist_thumbnail = self._search_regex(
            r'<img id="naboo_playlist_image".*?src="([^"]+)"', webpage,
            'playlist thumbnail')
        entries = []
        for s in data.get('SONGS', {}).get('data'):
            formats = [{
                'format_id': 'preview',
                'url': s.get('MEDIA', [{}])[0].get('HREF'),
                'preference': -100,  # Only the first 30 seconds
                'ext': 'mp3',
            }]
            artists = ', '.join(
                orderedSet(a.get('ART_NAME') for a in s.get('ARTISTS')))
            entries.append({
                'id': s.get('SNG_ID'),
                'duration': int_or_none(s.get('DURATION')),
                'title': '{} - {}'.format(artists, s.get('SNG_TITLE')),
                'uploader': s.get('ART_NAME'),
                'uploader_id': s.get('ART_ID'),
                'age_limit': 16 if s.get('EXPLICIT_LYRICS') == '1' else 0,
                'formats': formats,
            })
        return {
            '_type': 'playlist',
            'id': playlist_id,
            'title': playlist_title,
            'uploader': playlist_uploader,
            'thumbnail': playlist_thumbnail,
            'entries': entries,
        }
 class DeezerAlbumIE(DeezerBaseInfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?deezer\.com/(../)?album/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
    _TEST = {
        'url': 'https://www.deezer.com/fr/album/67505622',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '67505622',
            'title': 'Last Week',
            'uploader': 'Home Brew',
            'thumbnail': r're:^https?://(e-)?cdns-images\.dzcdn\.net/images/cover/.*\.jpg$',
        },
        'playlist_count': 7,
    }
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        album_id, webpage, data = self.get_data(url)
        album_title = data.get('DATA', {}).get('ALB_TITLE')
        album_uploader = data.get('DATA', {}).get('ART_NAME')
        album_thumbnail = self._search_regex(
            r'<img id="naboo_album_image".*?src="([^"]+)"', webpage,
            'album thumbnail')
        entries = []
        for s in data.get('SONGS', {}).get('data'):
            formats = [{
                'format_id': 'preview',
                'url': s.get('MEDIA', [{}])[0].get('HREF'),
                'preference': -100,  # Only the first 30 seconds
                'ext': 'mp3',
            }]
            artists = ', '.join(
                orderedSet(a.get('ART_NAME') for a in s.get('ARTISTS')))
            entries.append({
                'id': s.get('SNG_ID'),
                'duration': int_or_none(s.get('DURATION')),
                'title': '{} - {}'.format(artists, s.get('SNG_TITLE')),
                'uploader': s.get('ART_NAME'),
                'uploader_id': s.get('ART_ID'),
                'age_limit': 16 if s.get('EXPLICIT_LYRICS') == '1' else 0,
                'formats': formats,
                'track': s.get('SNG_TITLE'),
                'track_number': int_or_none(s.get('TRACK_NUMBER')),
                'track_id': s.get('SNG_ID'),
                'artist': album_uploader,
                'album': album_title,
                'album_artist': album_uploader,
            })
        return {
            '_type': 'playlist',
            'id': album_id,
            'title': album_title,
            'uploader': album_uploader,
            'thumbnail': album_thumbnail,
            'entries': entries,
        }
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/dreisat.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/dreisat.py
@ -1,15 +1,9 @@
 from .zdf import ZDFBaseIE
 from ..utils import (
    int_or_none,
    merge_dicts,
    parse_iso8601,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import require, traverse_obj
 class DreiSatIE(ZDFBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = '3sat'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?3sat\.de/(?:[^/?#]+/)*(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)\.html'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?3sat\.de/(?:[^/]+/)*(?P<id>[^/?#&]+)\.html'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.3sat.de/dokumentation/reise/traumziele-suedostasiens-die-philippinen-und-vietnam-102.html',
        'info_dict': {
@ -18,59 +12,40 @@ class DreiSatIE(ZDFBaseIE):
            'title': 'Traumziele Südostasiens (1/2): Die Philippinen und Vietnam',
            'description': 'md5:26329ce5197775b596773b939354079d',
            'duration': 2625.0,
-            'thumbnail': 'https://www.3sat.de/assets/traumziele-suedostasiens-die-philippinen-und-vietnam-100~original?cb=1699870351148',
+            'thumbnail': 'https://www.3sat.de/assets/traumziele-suedostasiens-die-philippinen-und-vietnam-100~2400x1350?cb=1699870351148',
            'episode': 'Traumziele Südostasiens (1/2): Die Philippinen und Vietnam',
            'episode_id': 'POS_cc7ff51c-98cf-4d12-b99d-f7a551de1c95',
-            'timestamp': 1747920900,
+            'timestamp': 1738593000,
-            'upload_date': '20250522',
+            'upload_date': '20250203',
        },
    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.3sat.de/film/ab-18/ab-18---mein-fremdes-ich-100.html',
+        # Same as https://www.zdf.de/dokumentation/ab-18/10-wochen-sommer-102.html
-        'md5': 'f92638413a11d759bdae95c9d8ec165c',
+        'url': 'https://www.3sat.de/film/ab-18/10-wochen-sommer-108.html',
        'md5': '0aff3e7bc72c8813f5e0fae333316a1d',
        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '221128_mein_fremdes_ich2_ab18',
+            'id': '141007_ab18_10wochensommer_film',
            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Ab 18! - Mein fremdes Ich',
+            'title': 'Ab 18! - 10 Wochen Sommer',
-            'description': 'md5:cae0c0b27b7426d62ca0dda181738bf0',
+            'description': 'md5:8253f41dc99ce2c3ff892dac2d65fe26',
-            'duration': 2625.0,
+            'duration': 2660,
-            'thumbnail': 'https://www.3sat.de/assets/ab-18---mein-fremdes-ich-106~original?cb=1666081865812',
+            'timestamp': 1608604200,
-            'episode': 'Ab 18! - Mein fremdes Ich',
+            'upload_date': '20201222',
            'episode_id': 'POS_6225d1ca-a0d5-45e3-870b-e783ee6c8a3f',
            'timestamp': 1695081600,
            'upload_date': '20230919',
        },
        'skip': '410 Gone',
    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.3sat.de/gesellschaft/37-grad-leben/aus-dem-leben-gerissen-102.html',
+        'url': 'https://www.3sat.de/gesellschaft/schweizweit/waidmannsheil-100.html',
        'md5': 'a903eaf8d1fd635bd3317cd2ad87ec84',
        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '250323_0903_sendung_sgl',
+            'id': '140913_sendung_schweizweit',
            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Plötzlich ohne dich',
+            'title': 'Waidmannsheil',
-            'description': 'md5:380cc10659289dd91510ad8fa717c66b',
+            'description': 'md5:cce00ca1d70e21425e72c86a98a56817',
-            'duration': 1620.0,
+            'timestamp': 1410623100,
-            'thumbnail': 'https://www.3sat.de/assets/37-grad-leben-106~original?cb=1645537156810',
+            'upload_date': '20140913',
            'episode': 'Plötzlich ohne dich',
            'episode_id': 'POS_faa7a93c-c0f2-4d51-823f-ce2ac3ee191b',
            'timestamp': 1743162540,
            'upload_date': '20250328',
        },
-    }, {
+        'params': {
-        # Video with chapters
+            'skip_download': True,
        'url': 'https://www.3sat.de/kultur/buchmesse/dein-buch-das-beste-von-der-leipziger-buchmesse-2025-teil-1-100.html',
        'md5': '6b95790ce52e75f0d050adcdd2711ee6',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '250330_dein_buch1_bum',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'dein buch  - Das Beste von der Leipziger Buchmesse 2025 - Teil 1',
            'description': 'md5:bae51bfc22f15563ce3acbf97d2e8844',
            'duration': 5399.0,
            'thumbnail': 'https://www.3sat.de/assets/buchmesse-kerkeling-100~original?cb=1743329640903',
            'chapters': 'count:24',
            'episode': 'dein buch  - Das Beste von der Leipziger Buchmesse 2025 - Teil 1',
            'episode_id': 'POS_1ef236cc-b390-401e-acd0-4fb4b04315fb',
            'timestamp': 1743327000,
            'upload_date': '20250330',
        },
        'skip': '404 Not Found',
    }, {
        # Same as https://www.zdf.de/filme/filme-sonstige/der-hauptmann-112.html
        'url': 'https://www.3sat.de/film/spielfilm/der-hauptmann-100.html',
@ -83,42 +58,11 @@ class DreiSatIE(ZDFBaseIE):
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        video_id = self._match_id(url)
        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
        player = self._search_json(
            r'data-zdfplayer-jsb=(["\'])', webpage, 'player JSON', video_id)
        player_url = player['content']
        api_token = f'Bearer {player["apiToken"]}'
-        content = self._call_api(player_url, video_id, 'video metadata', api_token)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id, fatal=False)
        if webpage:
            player = self._extract_player(webpage, url, fatal=False)
            if player:
                return self._extract_regular(url, player, video_id)
-        video_target = content['mainVideoContent']['http://zdf.de/rels/target']
+        return self._extract_mobile(video_id)
        ptmd_path = traverse_obj(video_target, (
            (('streams', 'default'), None),
            ('http://zdf.de/rels/streams/ptmd', 'http://zdf.de/rels/streams/ptmd-template'),
            {str}, any, {require('ptmd path')}))
        ptmd_url = self._expand_ptmd_template(player_url, ptmd_path)
        aspect_ratio = self._parse_aspect_ratio(video_target.get('aspectRatio'))
        info = self._extract_ptmd(ptmd_url, video_id, api_token, aspect_ratio)
        return merge_dicts(info, {
            **traverse_obj(content, {
                'title': (('title', 'teaserHeadline'), {str}, any),
                'episode': (('title', 'teaserHeadline'), {str}, any),
                'description': (('leadParagraph', 'teasertext'), {str}, any),
                'timestamp': ('editorialDate', {parse_iso8601}),
            }),
            **traverse_obj(video_target, {
                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
                'chapters': ('streamAnchorTag', {self._extract_chapters}),
            }),
            'thumbnails': self._extract_thumbnails(traverse_obj(content, ('teaserImageRef', 'layouts', {dict}))),
            **traverse_obj(content, ('programmeItem', 0, 'http://zdf.de/rels/target', {
                'series_id': ('http://zdf.de/rels/cmdm/series', 'seriesUuid', {str}),
                'series': ('http://zdf.de/rels/cmdm/series', 'seriesTitle', {str}),
                'season': ('http://zdf.de/rels/cmdm/season', 'seasonTitle', {str}),
                'season_number': ('http://zdf.de/rels/cmdm/season', 'seasonNumber', {int_or_none}),
                'season_id': ('http://zdf.de/rels/cmdm/season', 'seasonUuid', {str}),
                'episode_number': ('episodeNumber', {int_or_none}),
                'episode_id': ('contentId', {str}),
            })),
        })
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/extractors.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/extractors.py
@ -1,37 +1,28 @@
-import inspect
+import contextlib
 import os
-from ..globals import LAZY_EXTRACTORS
+from ..plugins import load_plugins
 from ..globals import extractors as _extractors_context
-_CLASS_LOOKUP = None
+# NB: Must be before other imports so that plugins can be correctly injected
-if os.environ.get('YTDLP_NO_LAZY_EXTRACTORS'):
+_PLUGIN_CLASSES = load_plugins('extractor', 'IE')
    LAZY_EXTRACTORS.value = False
 else:
    try:
        from .lazy_extractors import _CLASS_LOOKUP
        LAZY_EXTRACTORS.value = True
    except ImportError:
        LAZY_EXTRACTORS.value = None
-if not _CLASS_LOOKUP:
+_LAZY_LOADER = False
-    from . import _extractors
+if not os.environ.get('YTDLP_NO_LAZY_EXTRACTORS'):
    with contextlib.suppress(ImportError):
        from .lazy_extractors import *  # noqa: F403
        from .lazy_extractors import _ALL_CLASSES
        _LAZY_LOADER = True
-    _CLASS_LOOKUP = {
+if not _LAZY_LOADER:
-        name: value
+    from ._extractors import *  # noqa: F403
-        for name, value in inspect.getmembers(_extractors)
+    _ALL_CLASSES = [  # noqa: F811
        klass
        for name, klass in globals().items()
        if name.endswith('IE') and name != 'GenericIE'
-    }
+    ]
-    _CLASS_LOOKUP['GenericIE'] = _extractors.GenericIE
+    _ALL_CLASSES.append(GenericIE)  # noqa: F405
-# We want to append to the main lookup
+globals().update(_PLUGIN_CLASSES)
-_current = _extractors_context.value
+_ALL_CLASSES[:0] = _PLUGIN_CLASSES.values()
 for name, ie in _CLASS_LOOKUP.items():
    _current.setdefault(name, ie)
-
+from .common import _PLUGIN_OVERRIDES  # noqa: F401
 def __getattr__(name):
    value = _CLASS_LOOKUP.get(name)
    if not value:
        raise AttributeError(f'module {__name__} has no attribute {name}')
    return value
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/francaisfacile.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/francaisfacile.py
@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
 import urllib.parse
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    float_or_none,
    url_or_none,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class FrancaisFacileIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://francaisfacile\.rfi\.fr/[a-z]{2}/(?:actualit%C3%A9|podcasts/[^/#?]+)/(?P<id>[^/#?]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://francaisfacile.rfi.fr/fr/actualit%C3%A9/20250305-r%C3%A9concilier-les-jeunes-avec-la-lecture-gr%C3%A2ce-aux-r%C3%A9seaux-sociaux',
        'md5': '4f33674cb205744345cc835991100afa',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'WBMZ58952-FLE-FR-20250305',
            'display_id': '20250305-réconcilier-les-jeunes-avec-la-lecture-grâce-aux-réseaux-sociaux',
            'title': 'Réconcilier les jeunes avec la lecture grâce aux réseaux sociaux',
            'url': 'https://aod-fle.akamaized.net/fle/sounds/fr/2025/03/05/6b6af52a-f9ba-11ef-a1f8-005056a97652.mp3',
            'ext': 'mp3',
            'description': 'md5:b903c63d8585bd59e8cc4d5f80c4272d',
            'duration': 103.15,
            'timestamp': 1741177984,
            'upload_date': '20250305',
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://francaisfacile.rfi.fr/fr/actualit%C3%A9/20250307-argentine-le-sac-d-un-alpiniste-retrouv%C3%A9-40-ans-apr%C3%A8s-sa-mort',
        'md5': 'b8c3a63652d4ae8e8092dda5700c1cd9',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'WBMZ59102-FLE-FR-20250307',
            'display_id': '20250307-argentine-le-sac-d-un-alpiniste-retrouvé-40-ans-après-sa-mort',
            'title': 'Argentine: le sac d\'un alpiniste retrouvé 40 ans après sa mort',
            'url': 'https://aod-fle.akamaized.net/fle/sounds/fr/2025/03/07/8edf4082-fb46-11ef-8a37-005056bf762b.mp3',
            'ext': 'mp3',
            'description': 'md5:7fd088fbdf4a943bb68cf82462160dca',
            'duration': 117.74,
            'timestamp': 1741352789,
            'upload_date': '20250307',
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://francaisfacile.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts/un-mot-une-histoire/20250317-le-mot-de-david-foenkinos-peut-%C3%AAtre',
        'md5': 'db83c2cc2589b4c24571c6b6cf14f5f1',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'WBMZ59441-FLE-FR-20250317',
            'display_id': '20250317-le-mot-de-david-foenkinos-peut-être',
            'title': 'Le mot de David Foenkinos: «peut-être» - Un mot, une histoire',
            'url': 'https://aod-fle.akamaized.net/fle/sounds/fr/2025/03/17/4ca6cbbe-0315-11f0-a85b-005056a97652.mp3',
            'ext': 'mp3',
            'description': 'md5:3fe35fae035803df696bfa7af2496e49',
            'duration': 198.96,
            'timestamp': 1742210897,
            'upload_date': '20250317',
        },
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        display_id = urllib.parse.unquote(self._match_id(url))
        try:  # yt-dlp's default user-agents are too old and blocked by the site
            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id, headers={
                'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; rv:136.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/136.0',
            })
        except ExtractorError as e:
            if not isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) or e.cause.status != 403:
                raise
            # Retry with impersonation if hardcoded UA is insufficient
            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id, impersonate=True)
        data = self._search_json(
            r'<script[^>]+\bdata-media-id=[^>]+\btype="application/json"[^>]*>',
            webpage, 'audio data', display_id)
        return {
            'id': data['mediaId'],
            'display_id': display_id,
            'vcodec': 'none',
            'title': self._html_extract_title(webpage),
            **self._search_json_ld(webpage, display_id, fatal=False),
            **traverse_obj(data, {
                'title': ('title', {str}),
                'url': ('sources', ..., 'url', {url_or_none}, any),
                'duration': ('sources', ..., 'duration', {float_or_none}, any),
            }),
        }
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/generic.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/generic.py
@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ from ..utils import (
    unescapeHTML,
    unified_timestamp,
    unsmuggle_url,
    update_url,
    update_url_query,
    url_or_none,
    urlhandle_detect_ext,
@ -2214,21 +2213,10 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
            if is_live is not None:
                info['live_status'] = 'not_live' if is_live == 'false' else 'is_live'
                return
-            headers = m3u8_format.get('http_headers') or info.get('http_headers') or {}
+            headers = m3u8_format.get('http_headers') or info.get('http_headers')
-            display_id = info.get('id')
+            duration = self._extract_m3u8_vod_duration(
-            urlh = self._request_webpage(
+                m3u8_format['url'], info.get('id'), note='Checking m3u8 live status',
-                m3u8_format['url'], display_id, 'Checking m3u8 live status', errnote=False,
+                errnote='Failed to download m3u8 media playlist', headers=headers)
                headers={**headers, 'Accept-Encoding': 'identity'}, fatal=False)
            if urlh is False:
                return
            first_bytes = urlh.read(512)
            if not first_bytes.startswith(b'#EXTM3U'):
                return
            m3u8_doc = self._webpage_read_content(
                urlh, urlh.url, display_id, prefix=first_bytes, fatal=False, errnote=False)
            if not m3u8_doc:
                return
            duration = self._parse_m3u8_vod_duration(m3u8_doc, display_id)
            if not duration:
                info['live_status'] = 'is_live'
            info['duration'] = info.get('duration') or duration
@ -2538,13 +2526,12 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
                return self.playlist_result(
                    self._parse_xspf(
                        doc, video_id, xspf_url=url,
-                        xspf_base_url=new_url),
+                        xspf_base_url=full_response.url),
                    video_id)
            elif re.match(r'(?i)^(?:{[^}]+})?MPD$', doc.tag):
                info_dict['formats'], info_dict['subtitles'] = self._parse_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
                    doc,
-                    # Do not use yt_dlp.utils.base_url here since it will raise on file:// URLs
+                    mpd_base_url=full_response.url.rpartition('/')[0],
                    mpd_base_url=update_url(new_url, query=None, fragment=None).rpartition('/')[0],
                    mpd_url=url)
                info_dict['live_status'] = 'is_live' if doc.get('type') == 'dynamic' else None
                self._extra_manifest_info(info_dict, url)
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/getcourseru.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/getcourseru.py
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class GetCourseRuPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:player02\.getcourse\.ru|cf-api-2\.vhcdn\.com)/sign-player/?\?(?:[^#]+&)?json=[^#&]+'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://player02\.getcourse\.ru/sign-player/?\?(?:[^#]+&)?json=[^#&]+'
    _EMBED_REGEX = [rf'<iframe[^>]+\bsrc=[\'"](?P<url>{_VALID_URL}[^\'"]*)']
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'http://player02.getcourse.ru/sign-player/?json=eyJ2aWRlb19oYXNoIjoiMTkwYmRmOTNmMWIyOTczNTMwOTg1M2E3YTE5ZTI0YjMiLCJ1c2VyX2lkIjozNTk1MjUxODMsInN1Yl9sb2dpbl91c2VyX2lkIjpudWxsLCJsZXNzb25faWQiOm51bGwsImlwIjoiNDYuMTQyLjE4Mi4yNDciLCJnY19ob3N0IjoiYWNhZGVteW1lbC5vbmxpbmUiLCJ0aW1lIjoxNzA1NDQ5NjQyLCJwYXlsb2FkIjoidV8zNTk1MjUxODMiLCJ1aV9sYW5ndWFnZSI6InJ1IiwiaXNfaGF2ZV9jdXN0b21fc3R5bGUiOnRydWV9&s=354ad2c993d95d5ac629e3133d6cefea&vh-static-feature=zigzag',
@ -20,16 +20,6 @@ class GetCourseRuPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
            'duration': 1693,
        },
        'skip': 'JWT expired',
    }, {
        'url': 'https://cf-api-2.vhcdn.com/sign-player/?json=example',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '435735291',
            'title': '8afd7c489952108e00f019590f3711f3',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'thumbnail': 'https://preview-htz.vhcdn.com/preview/8afd7c489952108e00f019590f3711f3/preview.jpg?version=1682170973&host=vh-72',
            'duration': 777,
        },
        'skip': 'JWT expired',
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
@ -178,7 +168,7 @@ class GetCourseRuIE(InfoExtractor):
        playlist_id = self._search_regex(
            r'window\.(?:lessonId|gcsObjectId)\s*=\s*(\d+)', webpage, 'playlist id', default=display_id)
-        title = self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None) or self._html_extract_title(webpage)
+        title = self._og_search_title(webpage) or self._html_extract_title(webpage)
        return self.playlist_from_matches(
            re.findall(GetCourseRuPlayerIE._EMBED_REGEX[0], webpage),
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/gigya.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/gigya.py
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    urlencode_postdata,
 )
 class GigyaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
    def _gigya_login(self, auth_data):
        auth_info = self._download_json(
            'https://accounts.eu1.gigya.com/accounts.login', None,
            note='Logging in', errnote='Unable to log in',
            data=urlencode_postdata(auth_data))
        error_message = auth_info.get('errorDetails') or auth_info.get('errorMessage')
        if error_message:
            raise ExtractorError(
                f'Unable to login: {error_message}', expected=True)
        return auth_info
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/globo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/globo.py
@ -69,13 +69,8 @@ class GloboIE(InfoExtractor):
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '8013907',
            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Capítulo de 14/08/1989',
+            'title': 'Capítulo de 14⧸08⧸1989',
            'episode': 'Episode 1',
            'episode_number': 1,
            'uploader': 'Tieta',
            'uploader_id': '11895',
            'duration': 2858.389,
            'subtitles': 'count:1',
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': True,
@ -87,12 +82,7 @@ class GloboIE(InfoExtractor):
            'id': '12824146',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Acordo de damas',
            'episode': 'Episode 1',
            'episode_number': 1,
            'uploader': 'Rensga Hits!',
            'uploader_id': '20481',
            'duration': 1953.994,
            'season': 'Season 2',
            'season_number': 2,
        },
        'params': {
@ -146,10 +136,9 @@ class GloboIE(InfoExtractor):
        else:
            formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                main_source['url'], video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls')
-
+        self._merge_subtitles(traverse_obj(main_source, ('text', ..., {
-        self._merge_subtitles(traverse_obj(main_source, ('text', ..., ('caption', 'subtitle'), {
+            'url': ('subtitle', 'srt', 'url', {url_or_none}),
-            'url': ('srt', 'url', {url_or_none}),
+        }, all, {subs_list_to_dict(lang='en')})), target=subtitles)
        }, all, {subs_list_to_dict(lang='pt-BR')})), target=subtitles)
        return {
            'id': video_id,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/hse.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/hse.py
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 )
-class HSEShowBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+class HSEShowBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
    _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['DE']
    def _extract_redux_data(self, url, video_id):
@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class HSEShowBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
        return formats, subtitles
-class HSEShowIE(HSEShowBaseIE):
+class HSEShowIE(HSEShowBaseInfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?hse\.de/dpl/c/tv-shows/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.hse.de/dpl/c/tv-shows/505350',
@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class HSEShowIE(HSEShowBaseIE):
        }
-class HSEProductIE(HSEShowBaseIE):
+class HSEProductIE(HSEShowBaseInfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?hse\.de/dpl/p/product/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.hse.de/dpl/p/product/408630',
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ichinanalive.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ichinanalive.py
@ -1,13 +1,5 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import (
+from ..utils import ExtractorError, str_or_none, traverse_obj, unified_strdate
    ExtractorError,
    int_or_none,
    str_or_none,
    traverse_obj,
    unified_strdate,
    url_or_none,
 )
 class IchinanaLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
@ -165,51 +157,3 @@ class IchinanaLiveClipIE(InfoExtractor):
            'description': view_data.get('caption'),
            'upload_date': unified_strdate(str_or_none(view_data.get('createdAt'))),
        }
 class IchinanaLiveVODIE(InfoExtractor):
    IE_NAME = '17live:vod'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?17\.live/ja/vod/[^/?#]+/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://17.live/ja/vod/27323042/2cf84520-e65e-4b22-891e-1d3a00b0f068',
        'md5': '3299b930d7457b069639486998a89580',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '2cf84520-e65e-4b22-891e-1d3a00b0f068',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'md5:b5f8cbf497d54cc6a60eb3b480182f01',
            'uploader': 'md5:29fb12122ab94b5a8495586e7c3085a5',
            'uploader_id': '27323042',
            'channel': '🌟オールナイトニッポン アーカイブ🌟',
            'channel_id': '2b4f85f1-d61e-429d-a901-68d32bdd8645',
            'like_count': int,
            'view_count': int,
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.(?:jpe?g|png)',
            'duration': 549,
            'description': 'md5:116f326579700f00eaaf5581aae1192e',
            'timestamp': 1741058645,
            'upload_date': '20250304',
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://17.live/ja/vod/27323042/0de11bac-9bea-40b8-9eab-0239a7d88079',
        'only_matching': True,
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        video_id = self._match_id(url)
        json_data = self._download_json(f'https://wap-api.17app.co/api/v1/vods/{video_id}', video_id)
        return traverse_obj(json_data, {
            'id': ('vodID', {str}),
            'title': ('title', {str}),
            'formats': ('vodURL', {lambda x: self._extract_m3u8_formats(x, video_id)}),
            'uploader': ('userInfo', 'displayName', {str}),
            'uploader_id': ('userInfo', 'roomID', {int}, {str_or_none}),
            'channel': ('userInfo', 'name', {str}),
            'channel_id': ('userInfo', 'userID', {str}),
            'like_count': ('likeCount', {int_or_none}),
            'view_count': ('viewCount', {int_or_none}),
            'thumbnail': ('imageURL', {url_or_none}),
            'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
            'description': ('description', {str}),
            'timestamp': ('createdAt', {int_or_none}),
        })
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/instagram.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/instagram.py
@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ import hashlib
 import itertools
 import json
 import re
 import time
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    bug_reports_message,
    decode_base_n,
    encode_base_n,
    filter_dict,
@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ from ..utils import (
    format_field,
    get_element_by_attribute,
    int_or_none,
    join_nonempty,
    lowercase_escape,
    str_or_none,
    str_to_int,
    traverse_obj,
    url_or_none,
    urlencode_postdata,
 )
 _ENCODING_CHARS = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-_'
@ -28,31 +28,64 @@ _ENCODING_CHARS = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz012345678
 def _pk_to_id(media_id):
    """Source: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24437823/getting-instagram-post-url-from-media-id"""
-    pk = int(str(media_id).split('_')[0])
+    return encode_base_n(int(media_id.split('_')[0]), table=_ENCODING_CHARS)
    return encode_base_n(pk, table=_ENCODING_CHARS)
 def _id_to_pk(shortcode):
-    """Convert a shortcode to a numeric value"""
+    """Covert a shortcode to a numeric value"""
-    if len(shortcode) > 28:
+    return decode_base_n(shortcode[:11], table=_ENCODING_CHARS)
        shortcode = shortcode[:-28]
    return decode_base_n(shortcode, table=_ENCODING_CHARS)
 class InstagramBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'instagram'
    _IS_LOGGED_IN = False
    _API_BASE_URL = 'https://i.instagram.com/api/v1'
    _LOGIN_URL = 'https://www.instagram.com/accounts/login'
-
+    _API_HEADERS = {
-    @property
+        'X-IG-App-ID': '936619743392459',
    def _api_headers(self):
        return {
            'X-IG-App-ID': self._configuration_arg('app_id', ['936619743392459'], ie_key=InstagramIE)[0],
        'X-ASBD-ID': '198387',
        'X-IG-WWW-Claim': '0',
        'Origin': 'https://www.instagram.com',
        'Accept': '*/*',
    }
    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
        if self._IS_LOGGED_IN:
            return
        login_webpage = self._download_webpage(
            self._LOGIN_URL, None, note='Downloading login webpage', errnote='Failed to download login webpage')
        shared_data = self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
            r'window\._sharedData\s*=\s*({.+?});', login_webpage, 'shared data', default='{}'), None)
        login = self._download_json(
            f'{self._LOGIN_URL}/ajax/', None, note='Logging in', headers={
                **self._API_HEADERS,
                'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
                'X-CSRFToken': shared_data['config']['csrf_token'],
                'X-Instagram-AJAX': shared_data['rollout_hash'],
                'Referer': 'https://www.instagram.com/',
            }, data=urlencode_postdata({
                'enc_password': f'#PWD_INSTAGRAM_BROWSER:0:{int(time.time())}:{password}',
                'username': username,
                'queryParams': '{}',
                'optIntoOneTap': 'false',
                'stopDeletionNonce': '',
                'trustedDeviceRecords': '{}',
            }))
        if not login.get('authenticated'):
            if login.get('message'):
                raise ExtractorError(f'Unable to login: {login["message"]}')
            elif login.get('user'):
                raise ExtractorError('Unable to login: Sorry, your password was incorrect. Please double-check your password.', expected=True)
            elif login.get('user') is False:
                raise ExtractorError('Unable to login: The username you entered doesn\'t belong to an account. Please check your username and try again.', expected=True)
            raise ExtractorError('Unable to login')
        InstagramBaseIE._IS_LOGGED_IN = True
    def _get_count(self, media, kind, *keys):
        return traverse_obj(
            media, (kind, 'count'), *((f'edge_media_{key}', 'count') for key in keys),
@ -176,7 +209,7 @@ class InstagramBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
    def _get_comments(self, video_id):
        comments_info = self._download_json(
            f'{self._API_BASE_URL}/media/{_id_to_pk(video_id)}/comments/?can_support_threading=true&permalink_enabled=false', video_id,
-            fatal=False, errnote='Comments extraction failed', note='Downloading comments info', headers=self._api_headers) or {}
+            fatal=False, errnote='Comments extraction failed', note='Downloading comments info', headers=self._API_HEADERS) or {}
        comment_data = traverse_obj(comments_info, ('edge_media_to_parent_comment', 'edges'), 'comments')
        for comment_dict in comment_data or []:
@ -369,14 +402,14 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
            info = traverse_obj(self._download_json(
                f'{self._API_BASE_URL}/media/{_id_to_pk(video_id)}/info/', video_id,
                fatal=False, errnote='Video info extraction failed',
-                note='Downloading video info', headers=self._api_headers), ('items', 0))
+                note='Downloading video info', headers=self._API_HEADERS), ('items', 0))
            if info:
                media.update(info)
                return self._extract_product(media)
        api_check = self._download_json(
            f'{self._API_BASE_URL}/web/get_ruling_for_content/?content_type=MEDIA&target_id={_id_to_pk(video_id)}',
-            video_id, headers=self._api_headers, fatal=False, note='Setting up session', errnote=False) or {}
+            video_id, headers=self._API_HEADERS, fatal=False, note='Setting up session', errnote=False) or {}
        csrf_token = self._get_cookies('https://www.instagram.com').get('csrftoken')
        if not csrf_token:
@ -396,7 +429,7 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
        general_info = self._download_json(
            'https://www.instagram.com/graphql/query/', video_id, fatal=False, errnote=False,
            headers={
-                **self._api_headers,
+                **self._API_HEADERS,
                'X-CSRFToken': csrf_token or '',
                'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
                'Referer': url,
@ -404,6 +437,7 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
                'doc_id': '8845758582119845',
                'variables': json.dumps(variables, separators=(',', ':')),
            })
        media.update(traverse_obj(general_info, ('data', 'xdt_shortcode_media')) or {})
        if not general_info:
            self.report_warning('General metadata extraction failed (some metadata might be missing).', video_id)
@ -432,26 +466,6 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
                media.update(traverse_obj(
                    additional_data, ('graphql', 'shortcode_media'), 'shortcode_media', expected_type=dict) or {})
        else:
            xdt_shortcode_media = traverse_obj(general_info, ('data', 'xdt_shortcode_media', {dict})) or {}
            if not xdt_shortcode_media:
                error = join_nonempty('title', 'description', delim=': ', from_dict=api_check)
                if 'Restricted Video' in error:
                    self.raise_login_required(error)
                elif error:
                    raise ExtractorError(error, expected=True)
                elif len(video_id) > 28:
                    # It's a private post (video_id == shortcode + 28 extra characters)
                    # Only raise after getting empty response; sometimes "long"-shortcode posts are public
                    self.raise_login_required(
                        'This content is only available for registered users who follow this account')
                raise ExtractorError(
                    'Instagram sent an empty media response. Check if this post is accessible in your '
                    f'browser without being logged-in. If it is not, then u{self._login_hint()[1:]}. '
                    'Otherwise, if the post is accessible in browser without being logged-in'
                    f'{bug_reports_message(before=",")}', expected=True)
            media.update(xdt_shortcode_media)
        username = traverse_obj(media, ('owner', 'username')) or self._search_regex(
            r'"owner"\s*:\s*{\s*"username"\s*:\s*"(.+?)"', webpage, 'username', fatal=False)
@ -471,7 +485,8 @@ class InstagramIE(InstagramBaseIE):
                return self.playlist_result(
                    self._extract_nodes(nodes, True), video_id,
                    format_field(username, None, 'Post by %s'), description)
-            raise ExtractorError('There is no video in this post', expected=True)
+
            video_url = self._og_search_video_url(webpage, secure=False)
        formats = [{
            'url': video_url,
@ -674,7 +689,7 @@ class InstagramTagIE(InstagramPlaylistBaseIE):
 class InstagramStoryIE(InstagramBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?instagram\.com/stories/(?P<user>[^/?#]+)(?:/(?P<id>\d+))?'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?instagram\.com/stories/(?P<user>[^/]+)/(?P<id>\d+)'
    IE_NAME = 'instagram:story'
    _TESTS = [{
@ -684,38 +699,25 @@ class InstagramStoryIE(InstagramBaseIE):
            'title': 'Rare',
        },
        'playlist_mincount': 50,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.instagram.com/stories/fruits_zipper/3570766765028588805/',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.instagram.com/stories/fruits_zipper',
        'only_matching': True,
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        username, story_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('user', 'id')
+        username, story_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
-        if username == 'highlights' and not story_id:  # story id is only mandatory for highlights
+        story_info = self._download_webpage(url, story_id)
-            raise ExtractorError('Input URL is missing a highlight ID', expected=True)
+        user_info = self._search_json(r'"user":', story_info, 'user info', story_id, fatal=False)
        display_id = story_id or username
        story_info = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
        user_info = self._search_json(r'"user":', story_info, 'user info', display_id, fatal=False)
        if not user_info:
            self.raise_login_required('This content is unreachable')
        user_id = traverse_obj(user_info, 'pk', 'id', expected_type=str)
-        if username == 'highlights':
+        story_info_url = user_id if username != 'highlights' else f'highlight:{story_id}'
-            story_info_url = f'highlight:{story_id}'
+        if not story_info_url:  # user id is only mandatory for non-highlights
        else:
            if not user_id:  # user id is only mandatory for non-highlights
            raise ExtractorError('Unable to extract user id')
            story_info_url = user_id
        videos = traverse_obj(self._download_json(
            f'{self._API_BASE_URL}/feed/reels_media/?reel_ids={story_info_url}',
-            display_id, errnote=False, fatal=False, headers=self._api_headers), 'reels')
+            story_id, errnote=False, fatal=False, headers=self._API_HEADERS), 'reels')
        if not videos:
            self.raise_login_required('You need to log in to access this content')
        user_info = traverse_obj(videos, (user_id, 'user', {dict})) or {}
        full_name = traverse_obj(videos, (f'highlight:{story_id}', 'user', 'full_name'), (user_id, 'user', 'full_name'))
        story_title = traverse_obj(videos, (f'highlight:{story_id}', 'title'))
@ -725,7 +727,6 @@ class InstagramStoryIE(InstagramBaseIE):
        highlights = traverse_obj(videos, (f'highlight:{story_id}', 'items'), (user_id, 'items'))
        info_data = []
        for highlight in highlights:
            highlight.setdefault('user', {}).update(user_info)
            highlight_data = self._extract_product(highlight)
            if highlight_data.get('formats'):
                info_data.append({
@ -733,7 +734,4 @@ class InstagramStoryIE(InstagramBaseIE):
                    'uploader_id': user_id,
                    **filter_dict(highlight_data),
                })
        if username != 'highlights' and story_id and not self._yes_playlist(username, story_id):
            return traverse_obj(info_data, (lambda _, v: v['id'] == _pk_to_id(story_id), any))
        return self.playlist_result(info_data, playlist_id=story_id, playlist_title=story_title)
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ivoox.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ivoox.py
@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import int_or_none, parse_iso8601, url_or_none, urljoin
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class IvooxIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = (
        r'https?://(?:www\.)?ivoox\.com/(?:\w{2}/)?[^/?#]+_rf_(?P<id>[0-9]+)_1\.html',
        r'https?://go\.ivoox\.com/rf/(?P<id>[0-9]+)',
    )
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.ivoox.com/dex-08x30-rostros-del-mal-los-asesinos-en-audios-mp3_rf_143594959_1.html',
        'md5': '993f712de5b7d552459fc66aa3726885',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '143594959',
            'ext': 'mp3',
            'timestamp': 1742731200,
            'channel': 'DIAS EXTRAÑOS con Santiago Camacho',
            'title': 'DEx 08x30 Rostros del mal: Los asesinos en serie que aterrorizaron España',
            'description': 'md5:eae8b4b9740d0216d3871390b056bb08',
            'uploader': 'Santiago Camacho',
            'thumbnail': 'https://static-1.ivoox.com/audios/c/d/5/2/cd52f46783fe735000c33a803dce2554_XXL.jpg',
            'upload_date': '20250323',
            'episode': 'DEx 08x30 Rostros del mal: Los asesinos en serie que aterrorizaron España',
            'duration': 11837,
            'tags': ['españa', 'asesinos en serie', 'arropiero', 'historia criminal', 'mataviejas'],
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://go.ivoox.com/rf/143594959',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.ivoox.com/en/campodelgas-28-03-2025-audios-mp3_rf_144036942_1.html',
        'only_matching': True,
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        media_id = self._match_id(url)
        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, media_id, fatal=False)
        data = self._search_nuxt_data(
            webpage, media_id, fatal=False, traverse=('data', 0, 'data', 'audio'))
        direct_download = self._download_json(
            f'https://vcore-web.ivoox.com/v1/public/audios/{media_id}/download-url', media_id, fatal=False,
            note='Fetching direct download link', headers={'Referer': url})
        download_paths = {
            *traverse_obj(direct_download, ('data', 'downloadUrl', {str}, filter, all)),
            *traverse_obj(data, (('downloadUrl', 'mediaUrl'), {str}, filter)),
        }
        formats = []
        for path in download_paths:
            formats.append({
                'url': urljoin('https://ivoox.com', path),
                'http_headers': {'Referer': url},
            })
        return {
            'id': media_id,
            'formats': formats,
            'uploader': self._html_search_regex(r'data-prm-author="([^"]+)"', webpage, 'author', default=None),
            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(
                self._html_search_regex(r'data-prm-pubdate="([^"]+)"', webpage, 'timestamp', default=None)),
            'channel': self._html_search_regex(r'data-prm-podname="([^"]+)"', webpage, 'channel', default=None),
            'title': self._html_search_regex(r'data-prm-title="([^"]+)"', webpage, 'title', default=None),
            'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage, default=None),
            'description': self._og_search_description(webpage, default=None),
            **self._search_json_ld(webpage, media_id, default={}),
            **traverse_obj(data, {
                'title': ('title', {str}),
                'description': ('description', {str}),
                'thumbnail': ('image', {url_or_none}),
                'timestamp': ('uploadDate', {parse_iso8601(delimiter=' ')}),
                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
                'tags': ('tags', ..., 'name', {str}),
            }),
        }
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/jamendo.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/jamendo.py
@ -2,12 +2,10 @@ import hashlib
 import random
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..networking import HEADRequest
 from ..utils import (
    clean_html,
    int_or_none,
    try_get,
    urlhandle_detect_ext,
 )
@ -29,7 +27,7 @@ class JamendoIE(InfoExtractor):
            'ext': 'flac',
            # 'title': 'Maya Filipič - Stories from Emona I',
            'title': 'Stories from Emona I',
-            'artists': ['Maya Filipič'],
+            'artist': 'Maya Filipič',
            'album': 'Between two worlds',
            'track': 'Stories from Emona I',
            'duration': 210,
@ -95,15 +93,9 @@ class JamendoIE(InfoExtractor):
                if not cover_url or cover_url in urls:
                    continue
                urls.append(cover_url)
                urlh = self._request_webpage(
                    HEADRequest(cover_url), track_id, 'Checking thumbnail extension',
                    errnote=False, fatal=False)
                if not urlh:
                    continue
                size = int_or_none(cover_id.lstrip('size'))
                thumbnails.append({
                    'id': cover_id,
                    'ext': urlhandle_detect_ext(urlh, default='jpg'),
                    'url': cover_url,
                    'width': size,
                    'height': size,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/kika.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/kika.py
@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
 import itertools
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
    determine_ext,
@ -126,43 +124,3 @@ class KikaIE(InfoExtractor):
                        'vbr': ('bitrateVideo', {int_or_none}, {lambda x: None if x == -1 else x}),
                    }),
                }
 class KikaPlaylistIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?kika\.de/[\w-]+/(?P<id>[a-z-]+\d+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.kika.de/logo/logo-die-welt-und-ich-562',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'logo-die-welt-und-ich-562',
            'title': 'logo!',
            'description': 'md5:7b9d7f65561b82fa512f2cfb553c397d',
        },
        'playlist_count': 100,
    }]
    def _entries(self, playlist_url, playlist_id):
        for page in itertools.count(1):
            data = self._download_json(playlist_url, playlist_id, note=f'Downloading page {page}')
            for item in traverse_obj(data, ('content', lambda _, v: url_or_none(v['api']['url']))):
                yield self.url_result(
                    item['api']['url'], ie=KikaIE,
                    **traverse_obj(item, {
                        'id': ('id', {str}),
                        'title': ('title', {str}),
                        'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
                        'timestamp': ('date', {parse_iso8601}),
                    }))
            playlist_url = traverse_obj(data, ('links', 'next', {url_or_none}))
            if not playlist_url:
                break
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        playlist_id = self._match_id(url)
        brand_data = self._download_json(
            f'https://www.kika.de/_next-api/proxy/v1/brands/{playlist_id}', playlist_id)
        return self.playlist_result(
            self._entries(brand_data['videoSubchannel']['videosPageUrl'], playlist_id),
            playlist_id, title=brand_data.get('title'), description=brand_data.get('description'))
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/lbry.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lbry.py
@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ class LBRYBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
    _CLAIM_ID_REGEX = r'[0-9a-f]{1,40}'
    _OPT_CLAIM_ID = f'[^$@:/?#&]+(?:[:#]{_CLAIM_ID_REGEX})?'
    _SUPPORTED_STREAM_TYPES = ['video', 'audio']
    _UNSUPPORTED_STREAM_TYPES = ['binary']
    _PAGE_SIZE = 50
    def _call_api_proxy(self, method, display_id, params, resource):
@ -337,15 +336,12 @@ class LBRYIE(LBRYBaseIE):
                    'vcodec': 'none' if stream_type == 'audio' else None,
                })
            final_url = None
            # HEAD request returns redirect response to m3u8 URL if available
-            urlh = self._request_webpage(
+            final_url = self._request_webpage(
                HEADRequest(streaming_url), display_id, headers=headers,
-                note='Downloading streaming redirect url info', fatal=False)
+                note='Downloading streaming redirect url info').url
            if urlh:
                final_url = urlh.url
-        elif result.get('value_type') == 'stream' and stream_type not in self._UNSUPPORTED_STREAM_TYPES:
+        elif result.get('value_type') == 'stream':
            claim_id, is_live = result['signing_channel']['claim_id'], True
            live_data = self._download_json(
                'https://api.odysee.live/livestream/is_live', claim_id,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/linkedin.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/linkedin.py
@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import itertools
 import json
 import re
 from .common import InfoExtractor
@ -10,12 +9,12 @@ from ..utils import (
    int_or_none,
    mimetype2ext,
    srt_subtitles_timecode,
    traverse_obj,
    try_get,
    url_or_none,
    urlencode_postdata,
    urljoin,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import find_elements, require, traverse_obj
 class LinkedInBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
@ -83,10 +82,7 @@ class LinkedInLearningBaseIE(LinkedInBaseIE):
 class LinkedInIE(LinkedInBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = [
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?linkedin\.com/posts/[^/?#]+-(?P<id>\d+)-\w{4}/?(?:[?#]|$)'
        r'https?://(?:www\.)?linkedin\.com/posts/[^/?#]+-(?P<id>\d+)-\w{4}/?(?:[?#]|$)',
        r'https?://(?:www\.)?linkedin\.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:(?P<id>\d+)',
    ]
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.linkedin.com/posts/mishalkhawaja_sendinblueviews-toronto-digitalmarketing-ugcPost-6850898786781339649-mM20',
        'info_dict': {
@ -110,9 +106,6 @@ class LinkedInIE(LinkedInBaseIE):
            'like_count': int,
            'subtitles': 'mincount:1',
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7016901149999955968/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop',
        'only_matching': True,
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
@ -278,110 +271,3 @@ class LinkedInLearningCourseIE(LinkedInLearningBaseIE):
            entries, course_slug,
            course_data.get('title'),
            course_data.get('description'))
 class LinkedInEventsIE(LinkedInBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'linkedin:events'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?linkedin\.com/events/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.linkedin.com/events/7084656651378536448/comments/',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '7084656651378536448',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '#37 Aprende a hacer una entrevista en inglés para tu próximo trabajo remoto',
            'description': '¡Agarra para anotar que se viene tremendo evento!',
            'duration': 1765,
            'timestamp': 1689113772,
            'upload_date': '20230711',
            'release_timestamp': 1689174012,
            'release_date': '20230712',
            'live_status': 'was_live',
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.linkedin.com/events/27-02energyfreedombyenergyclub7295762520814874625/comments/',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '27-02energyfreedombyenergyclub7295762520814874625',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '27.02 Energy Freedom by Energy Club',
            'description': 'md5:1292e6f31df998914c293787a02c3b91',
            'duration': 6420,
            'timestamp': 1739445333,
            'upload_date': '20250213',
            'release_timestamp': 1740657620,
            'release_date': '20250227',
            'live_status': 'was_live',
        },
    }]
    def _real_initialize(self):
        if not self._get_cookies('https://www.linkedin.com/').get('li_at'):
            self.raise_login_required()
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        event_id = self._match_id(url)
        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, event_id)
        base_data = traverse_obj(webpage, (
            {find_elements(tag='code', attr='style', value='display: none')}, ..., {json.loads}, 'included', ...))
        meta_data = traverse_obj(base_data, (
            lambda _, v: v['$type'] == 'com.linkedin.voyager.dash.events.ProfessionalEvent', any)) or {}
        live_status = {
            'PAST': 'was_live',
            'ONGOING': 'is_live',
            'FUTURE': 'is_upcoming',
        }.get(meta_data.get('lifecycleState'))
        if live_status == 'is_upcoming':
            player_data = {}
            if event_time := traverse_obj(meta_data, ('displayEventTime', {str})):
                message = f'This live event is scheduled for {event_time}'
            else:
                message = 'This live event has not yet started'
            self.raise_no_formats(message, expected=True, video_id=event_id)
        else:
            # TODO: Add support for audio-only live events
            player_data = traverse_obj(base_data, (
                lambda _, v: v['$type'] == 'com.linkedin.videocontent.VideoPlayMetadata',
                any, {require('video player data')}))
        formats, subtitles = [], {}
        for prog_fmts in traverse_obj(player_data, ('progressiveStreams', ..., {dict})):
            for fmt_url in traverse_obj(prog_fmts, ('streamingLocations', ..., 'url', {url_or_none})):
                formats.append({
                    'url': fmt_url,
                    **traverse_obj(prog_fmts, {
                        'width': ('width', {int_or_none}),
                        'height': ('height', {int_or_none}),
                        'tbr': ('bitRate', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
                        'filesize': ('size', {int_or_none}),
                        'ext': ('mediaType', {mimetype2ext}),
                    }),
                })
        for m3u8_url in traverse_obj(player_data, (
            'adaptiveStreams', lambda _, v: v['protocol'] == 'HLS', 'masterPlaylists', ..., 'url', {url_or_none},
        )):
            fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                m3u8_url, event_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
            formats.extend(fmts)
            self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
        return {
            'id': event_id,
            'formats': formats,
            'subtitles': subtitles,
            'live_status': live_status,
            **traverse_obj(meta_data, {
                'title': ('name', {str}),
                'description': ('description', 'text', {str}),
                'timestamp': ('createdAt', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
                # timeRange.start is available when the stream is_upcoming
                'release_timestamp': ('timeRange', 'start', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
            }),
            **traverse_obj(player_data, {
                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
                # liveStreamCreatedAt is only available when the stream is_live or was_live
                'release_timestamp': ('liveStreamCreatedAt', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
            }),
        }
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/loco.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/loco.py
@ -1,159 +0,0 @@
 import json
 import random
 import time
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import int_or_none, jwt_decode_hs256, try_call, url_or_none
 from ..utils.traversal import require, traverse_obj
 class LocoIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?loco\.com/(?P<type>streamers|stream)/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://loco.com/streamers/teuzinfps',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'teuzinfps',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': r're:MS BOLADAO, RESENHA & GAMEPLAY ALTO NIVEL',
            'description': 'bom e novo',
            'uploader_id': 'RLUVE3S9JU',
            'channel': 'teuzinfps',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'comment_count': int,
            'view_count': int,
            'concurrent_view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'thumbnail': 'https://static.ivory.getloconow.com/default_thumb/743701a9-98ca-41ae-9a8b-70bd5da070ad.jpg',
            'tags': ['MMORPG', 'Gameplay'],
            'series': 'Tibia',
            'timestamp': int,
            'modified_timestamp': int,
            'live_status': 'is_live',
            'upload_date': str,
            'modified_date': str,
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': 'Livestream',
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://loco.com/stream/c64916eb-10fb-46a9-9a19-8c4b7ed064e7',
        'md5': '45ebc8a47ee1c2240178757caf8881b5',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'c64916eb-10fb-46a9-9a19-8c4b7ed064e7',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'PAULINHO LOKO NA LOCO!',
            'description': 'live on na loco',
            'uploader_id': '2MDO7Z1DPM',
            'channel': 'paulinholokobr',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'comment_count': int,
            'view_count': int,
            'concurrent_view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'duration': 14491,
            'thumbnail': 'https://static.ivory.getloconow.com/default_thumb/59b5970b-23c1-4518-9e96-17ce341299fe.jpg',
            'tags': ['Gameplay'],
            'series': 'GTA 5',
            'timestamp': 1740612872,
            'modified_timestamp': 1740613037,
            'upload_date': '20250226',
            'modified_date': '20250226',
        },
    }, {
        # Requires video authorization
        'url': 'https://loco.com/stream/ac854641-ae0f-497c-a8ea-4195f6d8cc53',
        'md5': '0513edf85c1e65c9521f555f665387d5',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'ac854641-ae0f-497c-a8ea-4195f6d8cc53',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'DUAS CONTAS DESAFIANTE, RUSH TOP 1 NO BRASIL!',
            'description': 'md5:aa77818edd6fe00dd4b6be75cba5f826',
            'uploader_id': '7Y9JNAZC3Q',
            'channel': 'ayellol',
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'comment_count': int,
            'view_count': int,
            'concurrent_view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'duration': 1229,
            'thumbnail': 'https://static.ivory.getloconow.com/default_thumb/f5aa678b-6d04-45d9-a89a-859af0a8028f.jpg',
            'tags': ['Gameplay', 'Carry'],
            'series': 'League of Legends',
            'timestamp': 1741182253,
            'upload_date': '20250305',
            'modified_timestamp': 1741182419,
            'modified_date': '20250305',
        },
    }]
    # From _app.js
    _CLIENT_ID = 'TlwKp1zmF6eKFpcisn3FyR18WkhcPkZtzwPVEEC3'
    _CLIENT_SECRET = 'Kp7tYlUN7LXvtcSpwYvIitgYcLparbtsQSe5AdyyCdiEJBP53Vt9J8eB4AsLdChIpcO2BM19RA3HsGtqDJFjWmwoonvMSG3ZQmnS8x1YIM8yl82xMXZGbE3NKiqmgBVU'
    def _is_jwt_expired(self, token):
        return jwt_decode_hs256(token)['exp'] - time.time() < 300
    def _get_access_token(self, video_id):
        access_token = try_call(lambda: self._get_cookies('https://loco.com')['access_token'].value)
        if access_token and not self._is_jwt_expired(access_token):
            return access_token
        access_token = traverse_obj(self._download_json(
            'https://api.getloconow.com/v3/user/device_profile/', video_id,
            'Downloading access token', fatal=False, data=json.dumps({
                'platform': 7,
                'client_id': self._CLIENT_ID,
                'client_secret': self._CLIENT_SECRET,
                'model': 'Mozilla',
                'os_name': 'Win32',
                'os_ver': '5.0 (Windows)',
                'app_ver': '5.0 (Windows)',
            }).encode(), headers={
                'Content-Type': 'application/json;charset=utf-8',
                'DEVICE-ID': ''.join(random.choices('0123456789abcdef', k=32)) + 'live',
                'X-APP-LANG': 'en',
                'X-APP-LOCALE': 'en-US',
                'X-CLIENT-ID': self._CLIENT_ID,
                'X-CLIENT-SECRET': self._CLIENT_SECRET,
                'X-PLATFORM': '7',
            }), 'access_token')
        if access_token and not self._is_jwt_expired(access_token):
            self._set_cookie('.loco.com', 'access_token', access_token)
            return access_token
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        video_type, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('type', 'id')
        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
        stream = traverse_obj(self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, video_id), (
            'props', 'pageProps', ('liveStreamData', 'stream', 'liveStream'), {dict}, any, {require('stream info')}))
        if access_token := self._get_access_token(video_id):
            self._request_webpage(
                'https://drm.loco.com/v1/streams/playback/', video_id,
                'Downloading video authorization', fatal=False, headers={
                    'authorization': access_token,
                }, query={
                    'stream_uid': stream['uid'],
                })
        return {
            'formats': self._extract_m3u8_formats(stream['conf']['hls'], video_id),
            'id': video_id,
            'is_live': video_type == 'streamers',
            **traverse_obj(stream, {
                'title': ('title', {str}),
                'series': ('game_name', {str}),
                'uploader_id': ('user_uid', {str}),
                'channel': ('alias', {str}),
                'description': ('description', {str}),
                'concurrent_view_count': ('viewersCurrent', {int_or_none}),
                'view_count': ('total_views', {int_or_none}),
                'thumbnail': ('thumbnail_url_small', {url_or_none}),
                'like_count': ('likes', {int_or_none}),
                'tags': ('tags', ..., {str}),
                'timestamp': ('started_at', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
                'modified_timestamp': ('updated_at', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
                'comment_count': ('comments_count', {int_or_none}),
                'channel_follower_count': ('followers_count', {int_or_none}),
                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
            }),
        }
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/lrt.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/lrt.py
@ -2,11 +2,8 @@ from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
    clean_html,
    merge_dicts,
    str_or_none,
    traverse_obj,
    unified_timestamp,
    url_or_none,
    urljoin,
 )
@ -83,7 +80,7 @@ class LRTVODIE(LRTBaseIE):
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        path, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('path', 'id')
+        path, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
        media_url = self._extract_js_var(webpage, 'main_url', path)
@ -109,42 +106,3 @@ class LRTVODIE(LRTBaseIE):
        }
        return merge_dicts(clean_info, jw_data, json_ld_data)
 class LRTRadioIE(LRTBaseIE):
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?lrt\.lt/radioteka/irasas/(?P<id>\d+)/(?P<path>[^?#/]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        # m3u8 download
        'url': 'https://www.lrt.lt/radioteka/irasas/2000359728/nemarios-eiles-apie-pragarus-ir-skaistyklas-su-aiste-kiltinaviciute',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '2000359728',
            'ext': 'm4a',
            'title': 'Nemarios eilės: apie pragarus ir skaistyklas su Aiste Kiltinavičiūte',
            'description': 'md5:5eee9a0e86a55bf547bd67596204625d',
            'timestamp': 1726143120,
            'upload_date': '20240912',
            'tags': 'count:5',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.jpe?g',
            'categories': ['Daiktiniai įrodymai'],
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.lrt.lt/radioteka/irasas/2000304654/vakaras-su-knyga-svetlana-aleksijevic-cernobylio-malda-v-dalis?season=%2Fmediateka%2Faudio%2Fvakaras-su-knyga%2F2023',
        'only_matching': True,
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        video_id, path = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'path')
        media = self._download_json(
            'https://www.lrt.lt/radioteka/api/media', video_id,
            query={'url': f'/mediateka/irasas/{video_id}/{path}'})
        return traverse_obj(media, {
            'id': ('id', {int}, {str_or_none}),
            'title': ('title', {str}),
            'tags': ('tags', ..., 'name', {str}),
            'categories': ('playlist_item', 'category', {str}, filter, all, filter),
            'description': ('content', {clean_html}, {str}),
            'timestamp': ('date', {lambda x: x.replace('.', '/')}, {unified_timestamp}),
            'thumbnail': ('playlist_item', 'image', {urljoin('https://www.lrt.lt')}),
            'formats': ('playlist_item', 'file', {lambda x: self._extract_m3u8_formats(x, video_id)}),
        })
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/magellantv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/magellantv.py
@ -1,36 +1,35 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import parse_age_limit, parse_duration, url_or_none
+from ..utils import parse_age_limit, parse_duration, traverse_obj
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class MagellanTVIE(InfoExtractor):
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?magellantv\.com/(?:watch|video)/(?P<id>[\w-]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://www.magellantv.com/watch/incas-the-new-story?type=v',
+        'url': 'https://www.magellantv.com/watch/my-dads-on-death-row?type=v',
        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'incas-the-new-story',
+            'id': 'my-dads-on-death-row',
            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Incas: The New Story',
+            'title': 'My Dad\'s On Death Row',
-            'description': 'md5:936c7f6d711c02dfb9db22a067b586fe',
+            'description': 'md5:33ba23b9f0651fc4537ed19b1d5b0d7a',
            'duration': 3780.0,
            'age_limit': 14,
-            'duration': 3060.0,
+            'tags': ['Justice', 'Reality', 'United States', 'True Crime'],
            'tags': ['Ancient History', 'Archaeology', 'Anthropology'],
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.magellantv.com/video/tortured-to-death-murdering-the-nanny',
+        'url': 'https://www.magellantv.com/video/james-bulger-the-new-revelations',
        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'tortured-to-death-murdering-the-nanny',
+            'id': 'james-bulger-the-new-revelations',
            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Tortured to Death: Murdering the Nanny',
+            'title': 'James Bulger: The New Revelations',
-            'description': 'md5:d87033594fa218af2b1a8b49f52511e5',
+            'description': 'md5:7b97922038bad1d0fe8d0470d8a189f2',
            'age_limit': 14,
            'duration': 2640.0,
-            'tags': ['True Crime', 'Murder'],
+            'age_limit': 0,
            'tags': ['Investigation', 'True Crime', 'Justice', 'Europe'],
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.magellantv.com/watch/celebration-nation?type=s',
+        'url': 'https://www.magellantv.com/watch/celebration-nation',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'celebration-nation',
            'ext': 'mp4',
@ -44,19 +43,10 @@ class MagellanTVIE(InfoExtractor):
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        video_id = self._match_id(url)
        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-        context = self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, video_id)['props']['pageProps']['reactContext']
+        data = traverse_obj(self._search_nextjs_data(webpage, video_id), (
-        data = traverse_obj(context, ((('video', 'detail'), ('series', 'currentEpisode')), {dict}, any))
+            'props', 'pageProps', 'reactContext',
-
+            (('video', 'detail'), ('series', 'currentEpisode')), {dict}), get_all=False)
-        formats, subtitles = [], {}
+        formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(data['jwpVideoUrl'], video_id)
        for m3u8_url in set(traverse_obj(data, ((('manifests', ..., 'hls'), 'jwp_video_url'), {url_or_none}))):
            fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
            formats.extend(fmts)
            self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
        if not formats and (error := traverse_obj(context, ('errorDetailPage', 'errorMessage', {str}))):
            if 'available in your country' in error:
                self.raise_geo_restricted(msg=error)
            self.raise_no_formats(f'{self.IE_NAME} said: {error}', expected=True)
        return {
            'id': video_id,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/manyvids.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/manyvids.py
@ -1,38 +1,31 @@
 import re
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
    clean_html,
    determine_ext,
    extract_attributes,
    int_or_none,
-    join_nonempty,
+    str_to_int,
    parse_count,
    parse_duration,
    parse_iso8601,
    url_or_none,
    urlencode_postdata,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class ManyVidsIE(InfoExtractor):
    _WORKING = False
    _VALID_URL = r'(?i)https?://(?:www\.)?manyvids\.com/video/(?P<id>\d+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        # preview video
-        'url': 'https://www.manyvids.com/Video/530341/mv-tips-tricks',
+        'url': 'https://www.manyvids.com/Video/133957/everthing-about-me/',
-        'md5': '738dc723f7735ee9602f7ea352a6d058',
+        'md5': '03f11bb21c52dd12a05be21a5c7dcc97',
        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '530341-preview',
+            'id': '133957',
            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'MV Tips & Tricks (Preview)',
+            'title': 'everthing about me (Preview)',
-            'description': r're:I will take you on a tour around .{1313}$',
+            'uploader': 'ellyxxix',
            'thumbnail': r're:https://cdn5\.manyvids\.com/php_uploads/video_images/DestinyDiaz/.+\.jpg',
            'uploader': 'DestinyDiaz',
            'view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'release_timestamp': 1508419904,
            'tags': ['AdultSchool', 'BBW', 'SFW', 'TeacherFetish'],
            'release_date': '20171019',
            'duration': 3167.0,
        },
        'expected_warnings': ['Only extracting preview'],
    }, {
        # full video
        'url': 'https://www.manyvids.com/Video/935718/MY-FACE-REVEAL/',
@ -41,68 +34,129 @@ class ManyVidsIE(InfoExtractor):
            'id': '935718',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'MY FACE REVEAL',
-            'description': r're:Today is the day!! I am finally taking off my mask .{445}$',
+            'description': 'md5:ec5901d41808b3746fed90face161612',
            'thumbnail': r're:https://ods\.manyvids\.com/1001061960/3aa5397f2a723ec4597e344df66ab845/screenshots/.+\.jpg',
            'uploader': 'Sarah Calanthe',
            'view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'release_date': '20181110',
            'tags': ['EyeContact', 'Interviews', 'MaskFetish', 'MouthFetish', 'Redhead'],
            'release_timestamp': 1541851200,
            'duration': 224.0,
        },
    }]
    _API_BASE = 'https://www.manyvids.com/bff/store/video'
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        video_id = self._match_id(url)
        video_data = self._download_json(f'{self._API_BASE}/{video_id}/private', video_id)['data']
        formats, preview_only = [], True
-        for format_id, path in [
+        real_url = f'https://www.manyvids.com/video/{video_id}/gtm.js'
-            ('preview', ['teaser', 'filepath']),
+        try:
-            ('transcoded', ['transcodedFilepath']),
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(real_url, video_id)
-            ('filepath', ['filepath']),
+        except Exception:
-        ]:
+            # probably useless fallback
-            format_url = traverse_obj(video_data, (*path, {url_or_none}))
+            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-            if not format_url:
+
        info = self._search_regex(
            r'''(<div\b[^>]*\bid\s*=\s*(['"])pageMetaDetails\2[^>]*>)''',
            webpage, 'meta details', default='')
        info = extract_attributes(info)
        player = self._search_regex(
            r'''(<div\b[^>]*\bid\s*=\s*(['"])rmpPlayerStream\2[^>]*>)''',
            webpage, 'player details', default='')
        player = extract_attributes(player)
        video_urls_and_ids = (
            (info.get('data-meta-video'), 'video'),
            (player.get('data-video-transcoded'), 'transcoded'),
            (player.get('data-video-filepath'), 'filepath'),
            (self._og_search_video_url(webpage, secure=False, default=None), 'og_video'),
        )
        def txt_or_none(s, default=None):
            return (s.strip() or default) if isinstance(s, str) else default
        uploader = txt_or_none(info.get('data-meta-author'))
        def mung_title(s):
            if uploader:
                s = re.sub(rf'^\s*{re.escape(uploader)}\s+[|-]', '', s)
            return txt_or_none(s)
        title = (
            mung_title(info.get('data-meta-title'))
            or self._html_search_regex(
                (r'<span[^>]+class=["\']item-title[^>]+>([^<]+)',
                 r'<h2[^>]+class=["\']h2 m-0["\'][^>]*>([^<]+)'),
                webpage, 'title', default=None)
            or self._html_search_meta(
                'twitter:title', webpage, 'title', fatal=True))
        title = re.sub(r'\s*[|-]\s+ManyVids\s*$', '', title) or title
        if any(p in webpage for p in ('preview_videos', '_preview.mp4')):
            title += ' (Preview)'
        mv_token = self._search_regex(
            r'data-mvtoken=(["\'])(?P<value>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1', webpage,
            'mv token', default=None, group='value')
        if mv_token:
            # Sets some cookies
            self._download_webpage(
                'https://www.manyvids.com/includes/ajax_repository/you_had_me_at_hello.php',
                video_id, note='Setting format cookies', fatal=False,
                data=urlencode_postdata({
                    'mvtoken': mv_token,
                    'vid': video_id,
                }), headers={
                    'Referer': url,
                    'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
                })
        formats = []
        for v_url, fmt in video_urls_and_ids:
            v_url = url_or_none(v_url)
            if not v_url:
                continue
-            if determine_ext(format_url) == 'm3u8':
+            if determine_ext(v_url) == 'm3u8':
-                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(format_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id=format_id))
+                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                    v_url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
                    m3u8_id='hls'))
            else:
                formats.append({
-                    'url': format_url,
+                    'url': v_url,
-                    'format_id': format_id,
+                    'format_id': fmt,
                    'preference': -10 if format_id == 'preview' else None,
                    'quality': 10 if format_id == 'filepath' else None,
                    'height': int_or_none(
                        self._search_regex(r'_(\d{2,3}[02468])_', format_url, 'height', default=None)),
                })
            if format_id != 'preview':
                preview_only = False
-        metadata = traverse_obj(
+        self._remove_duplicate_formats(formats)
            self._download_json(f'{self._API_BASE}/{video_id}', video_id, fatal=False), 'data')
        title = traverse_obj(metadata, ('title', {clean_html}))
-        if preview_only:
+        for f in formats:
-            title = join_nonempty(title, '(Preview)', delim=' ')
+            if f.get('height') is None:
-            video_id += '-preview'
+                f['height'] = int_or_none(
-            self.report_warning(
+                    self._search_regex(r'_(\d{2,3}[02468])_', f['url'], 'video height', default=None))
-                f'Only extracting preview. Video may be paid or subscription only. {self._login_hint()}')
+            if '/preview/' in f['url']:
                f['format_id'] = '_'.join(filter(None, (f.get('format_id'), 'preview')))
                f['preference'] = -10
            if 'transcoded' in f['format_id']:
                f['preference'] = f.get('preference', -1) - 1
        def get_likes():
            likes = self._search_regex(
                rf'''(<a\b[^>]*\bdata-id\s*=\s*(['"]){video_id}\2[^>]*>)''',
                webpage, 'likes', default='')
            likes = extract_attributes(likes)
            return int_or_none(likes.get('data-likes'))
        def get_views():
            return str_to_int(self._html_search_regex(
                r'''(?s)<span\b[^>]*\bclass\s*=["']views-wrapper\b[^>]+>.+?<span\b[^>]+>\s*(\d[\d,.]*)\s*</span>''',
                webpage, 'view count', default=None))
        return {
            'id': video_id,
            'title': title,
            'formats': formats,
-            **traverse_obj(metadata, {
+            'description': txt_or_none(info.get('data-meta-description')),
-                'description': ('description', {clean_html}),
+            'uploader': txt_or_none(info.get('data-meta-author')),
-                'uploader': ('model', 'displayName', {clean_html}),
+            'thumbnail': (
-                'thumbnail': (('screenshot', 'thumbnail'), {url_or_none}, any),
+                url_or_none(info.get('data-meta-image'))
-                'view_count': ('views', {parse_count}),
+                or url_or_none(player.get('data-video-screenshot'))),
-                'like_count': ('likes', {parse_count}),
+            'view_count': get_views(),
-                'release_timestamp': ('launchDate', {parse_iso8601}),
+            'like_count': get_likes(),
                'duration': ('videoDuration', {parse_duration}),
                'tags': ('tagList', ..., 'label', {str}, filter, all, filter),
            }),
        }
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/medaltv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/medaltv.py
@ -102,10 +102,11 @@ class MedalTVIE(InfoExtractor):
            item_id = item_id or '%dp' % height
            if item_id not in item_url:
                return
            width = int(round(aspect_ratio * height))
            container.append({
                'url': item_url,
                id_key: item_id,
-                'width': round(aspect_ratio * height),
+                'width': width,
                'height': height,
            })
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftembed.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/microsoftembed.py
@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
    int_or_none,
    parse_iso8601,
    parse_resolution,
    traverse_obj,
    unified_timestamp,
    url_basename,
@ -84,8 +83,8 @@ class MicrosoftMediusBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
            subtitles.setdefault(sub.pop('tag', 'und'), []).append(sub)
        return subtitles
-    def _extract_ism(self, ism_url, video_id, fatal=True):
+    def _extract_ism(self, ism_url, video_id):
-        formats = self._extract_ism_formats(ism_url, video_id, fatal=fatal)
+        formats = self._extract_ism_formats(ism_url, video_id)
        for fmt in formats:
            if fmt['language'] != 'eng' and 'English' not in fmt['format_id']:
                fmt['language_preference'] = -10
@ -219,21 +218,9 @@ class MicrosoftLearnEpisodeIE(MicrosoftMediusBaseIE):
            'description': 'md5:7bbbfb593d21c2cf2babc3715ade6b88',
            'timestamp': 1676339547,
            'upload_date': '20230214',
-            'thumbnail': r're:https://learn\.microsoft\.com/video/media/.+\.png',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://learn\.microsoft\.com/video/media/.*\.png',
            'subtitles': 'count:14',
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/shows/on-demand-instructor-led-training-series/az-900-module-1',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '4fe10f7c-d83c-463b-ac0e-c30a8195e01b',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'AZ-900 Cloud fundamentals (1 of 6)',
            'description': 'md5:3c2212ce865e9142f402c766441bd5c9',
            'thumbnail': r're:https://.+/.+\.jpg',
            'timestamp': 1706605184,
            'upload_date': '20240130',
        },
        'params': {'format': 'bv[protocol=https]'},
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
@ -243,32 +230,9 @@ class MicrosoftLearnEpisodeIE(MicrosoftMediusBaseIE):
        entry_id = self._html_search_meta('entryId', webpage, 'entryId', fatal=True)
        video_info = self._download_json(
            f'https://learn.microsoft.com/api/video/public/v1/entries/{entry_id}', video_id)
        formats = []
        if ism_url := traverse_obj(video_info, ('publicVideo', 'adaptiveVideoUrl', {url_or_none})):
            formats.extend(self._extract_ism(ism_url, video_id, fatal=False))
        if hls_url := traverse_obj(video_info, ('publicVideo', 'adaptiveVideoHLSUrl', {url_or_none})):
            formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(hls_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
        if mpd_url := traverse_obj(video_info, ('publicVideo', 'adaptiveVideoDashUrl', {url_or_none})):
            formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(mpd_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False))
        for key in ('low', 'medium', 'high'):
            if video_url := traverse_obj(video_info, ('publicVideo', f'{key}QualityVideoUrl', {url_or_none})):
                formats.append({
                    'url': video_url,
                    'format_id': f'video-http-{key}',
                    'acodec': 'none',
                    **parse_resolution(video_url),
                })
        if audio_url := traverse_obj(video_info, ('publicVideo', 'audioUrl', {url_or_none})):
            formats.append({
                'url': audio_url,
                'format_id': 'audio-http',
                'vcodec': 'none',
            })
        return {
            'id': entry_id,
-            'formats': formats,
+            'formats': self._extract_ism(video_info['publicVideo']['adaptiveVideoUrl'], video_id),
            'subtitles': self._sub_to_dict(traverse_obj(video_info, (
                'publicVideo', 'captions', lambda _, v: url_or_none(v['url']), {
                    'tag': ('language', {str}),
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mitele.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mitele.py
@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 from .telecinco import TelecincoBaseIE
 from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    int_or_none,
    parse_iso8601,
 )
@ -81,17 +79,7 @@ class MiTeleIE(TelecincoBaseIE):
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        display_id = self._match_id(url)
-
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
        try:  # yt-dlp's default user-agents are too old and blocked by akamai
            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id, headers={
                'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; rv:136.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/136.0',
            })
        except ExtractorError as e:
            if not isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) or e.cause.status != 403:
                raise
            # Retry with impersonation if hardcoded UA is insufficient to bypass akamai
            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id, impersonate=True)
        pre_player = self._search_json(
            r'window\.\$REACTBASE_STATE\.prePlayer_mtweb\s*=',
            webpage, 'Pre Player', display_id)['prePlayer']
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mixcloud.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mixcloud.py
@ -10,9 +10,7 @@ from ..utils import (
    parse_iso8601,
    strip_or_none,
    try_get,
    url_or_none,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class MixcloudBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
@ -39,7 +37,7 @@ class MixcloudIE(MixcloudBaseIE):
            'ext': 'm4a',
            'title': 'Cryptkeeper',
            'description': 'After quite a long silence from myself, finally another Drum\'n\'Bass mix with my favourite current dance floor bangers.',
-            'uploader': 'dholbach',
+            'uploader': 'Daniel Holbach',
            'uploader_id': 'dholbach',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.*\.jpg',
            'view_count': int,
@ -48,11 +46,10 @@ class MixcloudIE(MixcloudBaseIE):
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.mixcloud.com/dholbach/',
            'artist': 'Submorphics & Chino , Telekinesis, Porter Robinson, Enei, Breakage ft Jess Mills',
            'duration': 3723,
-            'tags': ['liquid drum and bass', 'drum and bass'],
+            'tags': [],
            'comment_count': int,
            'repost_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'artists': list,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
    }, {
@ -70,7 +67,7 @@ class MixcloudIE(MixcloudBaseIE):
            'upload_date': '20150203',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.mixcloud.com/gillespeterson/',
            'duration': 2992,
-            'tags': ['jazz', 'soul', 'world music', 'funk'],
+            'tags': [],
            'comment_count': int,
            'repost_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
@ -152,6 +149,8 @@ class MixcloudIE(MixcloudBaseIE):
        elif reason:
            raise ExtractorError('Track is restricted', expected=True)
        title = cloudcast['name']
        stream_info = cloudcast['streamInfo']
        formats = []
@ -183,39 +182,47 @@ class MixcloudIE(MixcloudBaseIE):
            self.raise_login_required(metadata_available=True)
        comments = []
-        for node in traverse_obj(cloudcast, ('comments', 'edges', ..., 'node', {dict})):
+        for edge in (try_get(cloudcast, lambda x: x['comments']['edges']) or []):
            node = edge.get('node') or {}
            text = strip_or_none(node.get('comment'))
            if not text:
                continue
            user = node.get('user') or {}
            comments.append({
                'author': user.get('displayName'),
                'author_id': user.get('username'),
                'text': text,
-                **traverse_obj(node, {
+                'timestamp': parse_iso8601(node.get('created')),
                    'author': ('user', 'displayName', {str}),
                    'author_id': ('user', 'username', {str}),
                    'timestamp': ('created', {parse_iso8601}),
                }),
            })
        tags = []
        for t in cloudcast.get('tags'):
            tag = try_get(t, lambda x: x['tag']['name'], str)
            if not tag:
                tags.append(tag)
        get_count = lambda x: int_or_none(try_get(cloudcast, lambda y: y[x]['totalCount']))
        owner = cloudcast.get('owner') or {}
        return {
            'id': track_id,
            'title': title,
            'formats': formats,
            'description': cloudcast.get('description'),
            'thumbnail': try_get(cloudcast, lambda x: x['picture']['url'], str),
            'uploader': owner.get('displayName'),
            'timestamp': parse_iso8601(cloudcast.get('publishDate')),
            'uploader_id': owner.get('username'),
            'uploader_url': owner.get('url'),
            'duration': int_or_none(cloudcast.get('audioLength')),
            'view_count': int_or_none(cloudcast.get('plays')),
            'like_count': get_count('favorites'),
            'repost_count': get_count('reposts'),
            'comment_count': get_count('comments'),
            'comments': comments,
-            **traverse_obj(cloudcast, {
+            'tags': tags,
-                'title': ('name', {str}),
+            'artist': ', '.join(cloudcast.get('featuringArtistList') or []) or None,
                'description': ('description', {str}),
                'thumbnail': ('picture', 'url', {url_or_none}),
                'timestamp': ('publishDate', {parse_iso8601}),
                'duration': ('audioLength', {int_or_none}),
                'uploader': ('owner', 'displayName', {str}),
                'uploader_id': ('owner', 'username', {str}),
                'uploader_url': ('owner', 'url', {url_or_none}),
                'view_count': ('plays', {int_or_none}),
                'like_count': ('favorites', 'totalCount', {int_or_none}),
                'repost_count': ('reposts', 'totalCount', {int_or_none}),
                'comment_count': ('comments', 'totalCount', {int_or_none}),
                'tags': ('tags', ..., 'tag', 'name', {str}, filter, all, filter),
                'artists': ('featuringArtistList', ..., {str}, filter, all, filter),
            }),
        }
@ -288,7 +295,7 @@ class MixcloudUserIE(MixcloudPlaylistBaseIE):
        'url': 'http://www.mixcloud.com/dholbach/',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'dholbach_uploads',
-            'title': 'dholbach (uploads)',
+            'title': 'Daniel Holbach (uploads)',
            'description': 'md5:a3f468a60ac8c3e1f8616380fc469b2b',
        },
        'playlist_mincount': 36,
@ -296,7 +303,7 @@ class MixcloudUserIE(MixcloudPlaylistBaseIE):
        'url': 'http://www.mixcloud.com/dholbach/uploads/',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'dholbach_uploads',
-            'title': 'dholbach (uploads)',
+            'title': 'Daniel Holbach (uploads)',
            'description': 'md5:a3f468a60ac8c3e1f8616380fc469b2b',
        },
        'playlist_mincount': 36,
@ -304,7 +311,7 @@ class MixcloudUserIE(MixcloudPlaylistBaseIE):
        'url': 'http://www.mixcloud.com/dholbach/favorites/',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'dholbach_favorites',
-            'title': 'dholbach (favorites)',
+            'title': 'Daniel Holbach (favorites)',
            'description': 'md5:a3f468a60ac8c3e1f8616380fc469b2b',
        },
        # 'params': {
@ -330,7 +337,7 @@ class MixcloudUserIE(MixcloudPlaylistBaseIE):
            'title': 'First Ear (stream)',
            'description': 'we maraud for ears',
        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 267,
+        'playlist_mincount': 269,
    }]
    _TITLE_KEY = 'displayName'
@ -354,7 +361,7 @@ class MixcloudPlaylistIE(MixcloudPlaylistBaseIE):
            'id': 'maxvibes_jazzcat-on-ness-radio',
            'title': 'Ness Radio sessions',
        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 58,
+        'playlist_mincount': 59,
    }]
    _TITLE_KEY = 'name'
    _DESCRIPTION_KEY = 'description'
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/mlb.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/mlb.py
@ -365,15 +365,13 @@ mutation initPlaybackSession(
                'All videos are only available to registered users', method='password')
    def _set_device_id(self, username):
-        if self._device_id:
+        if not self._device_id:
-            return
+            self._device_id = self.cache.load(
-        device_id_cache = self.cache.load(self._NETRC_MACHINE, 'device_ids', default={})
+                self._NETRC_MACHINE, 'device_ids', default={}).get(username)
        self._device_id = device_id_cache.get(username)
        if self._device_id:
            return
        self._device_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
-        device_id_cache[username] = self._device_id
+        self.cache.store(self._NETRC_MACHINE, 'device_ids', {username: self._device_id})
        self.cache.store(self._NETRC_MACHINE, 'device_ids', device_id_cache)
    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
        try:
@ -451,7 +449,9 @@ mutation initPlaybackSession(
        if not (m3u8_url and token):
            errors = '; '.join(traverse_obj(response, ('errors', ..., 'message', {str})))
-            if errors:  # Only warn when 'blacked out' or 'not entitled'; radio formats may be available
+            if 'not entitled' in errors:
                raise ExtractorError(errors, expected=True)
            elif errors:  # Only warn when 'blacked out' since radio formats are available
                self.report_warning(f'API returned errors for {format_id}: {errors}')
            else:
                self.report_warning(f'No formats available for {format_id} broadcast; skipping')
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/moviepilot.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/moviepilot.py
@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ from .dailymotion import DailymotionIE
 class MoviepilotIE(InfoExtractor):
-    IE_NAME = 'moviepilot'
+    _IE_NAME = 'moviepilot'
-    IE_DESC = 'Moviepilot trailer'
+    _IE_DESC = 'Moviepilot trailer'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?moviepilot\.de/movies/(?P<id>[^/]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/msn.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/msn.py
@ -1,215 +1,167 @@
 import re
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    clean_html,
    determine_ext,
    int_or_none,
-    parse_iso8601,
+    unescapeHTML,
    url_or_none,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class MSNIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:www|preview)\.)?msn\.com/(?P<locale>[a-z]{2}-[a-z]{2})/(?:[^/?#]+/)+(?P<display_id>[^/?#]+)/[a-z]{2}-(?P<id>[\da-zA-Z]+)'
+    _WORKING = False
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:www|preview)\.)?msn\.com/(?:[^/]+/)+(?P<display_id>[^/]+)/[a-z]{2}-(?P<id>[\da-zA-Z]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://www.msn.com/en-gb/video/news/president-macron-interrupts-trump-over-ukraine-funding/vi-AA1zMcD7',
+        'url': 'https://www.msn.com/en-in/money/video/7-ways-to-get-rid-of-chest-congestion/vi-BBPxU6d',
        'md5': '087548191d273c5c55d05028f8d2cbcd',
        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'AA1zMcD7',
+            'id': 'BBPxU6d',
            'display_id': '7-ways-to-get-rid-of-chest-congestion',
            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'display_id': 'president-macron-interrupts-trump-over-ukraine-funding',
+            'title': 'Seven ways to get rid of chest congestion',
-            'title': 'President Macron interrupts Trump over Ukraine funding',
+            'description': '7 Ways to Get Rid of Chest Congestion',
-            'description': 'md5:5fd3857ac25849e7a56cb25fbe1a2a8b',
+            'duration': 88,
-            'uploader': 'k! News UK',
+            'uploader': 'Health',
-            'uploader_id': 'BB1hz5Rj',
+            'uploader_id': 'BBPrMqa',
            'duration': 59,
            'thumbnail': 'https://img-s-msn-com.akamaized.net/tenant/amp/entityid/AA1zMagX.img',
            'tags': 'count:14',
            'timestamp': 1740510914,
            'upload_date': '20250225',
            'release_timestamp': 1740513600,
            'release_date': '20250225',
            'modified_timestamp': 1741413241,
            'modified_date': '20250308',
        },
    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.msn.com/en-gb/video/watch/films-success-saved-adam-pearsons-acting-career/vi-AA1znZGE?ocid=hpmsn',
+        # Article, multiple Dailymotion Embeds
        'url': 'https://www.msn.com/en-in/money/sports/hottest-football-wags-greatest-footballers-turned-managers-and-more/ar-BBpc7Nl',
        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'AA1znZGE',
+            'id': 'BBpc7Nl',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'display_id': 'films-success-saved-adam-pearsons-acting-career',
            'title': "Films' success saved Adam Pearson's acting career",
            'description': 'md5:98c05f7bd9ab4f9c423400f62f2d3da5',
            'uploader': 'Sky News',
            'uploader_id': 'AA2eki',
            'duration': 52,
            'thumbnail': 'https://img-s-msn-com.akamaized.net/tenant/amp/entityid/AA1zo7nU.img',
            'timestamp': 1739993965,
            'upload_date': '20250219',
            'release_timestamp': 1739977753,
            'release_date': '20250219',
            'modified_timestamp': 1742076259,
            'modified_date': '20250315',
        },
        'playlist_mincount': 4,
    }, {
-        'url': 'https://www.msn.com/en-us/entertainment/news/rock-frontman-replacements-you-might-not-know-happened/vi-AA1yLVcD',
+        'url': 'http://www.msn.com/en-ae/news/offbeat/meet-the-nine-year-old-self-made-millionaire/ar-BBt6ZKf',
-        'info_dict': {
+        'only_matching': True,
-            'id': 'AA1yLVcD',
+    }, {
-            'ext': 'mp4',
+        'url': 'http://www.msn.com/en-ae/video/watch/obama-a-lot-of-people-will-be-disappointed/vi-AAhxUMH',
-            'display_id': 'rock-frontman-replacements-you-might-not-know-happened',
+        'only_matching': True,
-            'title': 'Rock Frontman Replacements You Might Not Know Happened',
+    }, {
-            'description': 'md5:451a125496ff0c9f6816055bb1808da9',
+        # geo restricted
-            'uploader': 'Grunge (Video)',
+        'url': 'http://www.msn.com/en-ae/foodanddrink/joinourtable/the-first-fart-makes-you-laugh-the-last-fart-makes-you-cry/vp-AAhzIBU',
-            'uploader_id': 'BB1oveoV',
+        'only_matching': True,
-            'duration': 596,
+    }, {
-            'thumbnail': 'https://img-s-msn-com.akamaized.net/tenant/amp/entityid/AA1yM4OJ.img',
+        'url': 'http://www.msn.com/en-ae/entertainment/bollywood/watch-how-salman-khan-reacted-when-asked-if-he-would-apologize-for-his-‘raped-woman’-comment/vi-AAhvzW6',
-            'timestamp': 1739223456,
+        'only_matching': True,
-            'upload_date': '20250210',
+    }, {
-            'release_timestamp': 1739219731,
+        # Vidible(AOL) Embed
-            'release_date': '20250210',
+        'url': 'https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/other/jupiter-is-about-to-come-so-close-you-can-see-its-moons-with-binoculars/vi-AACqsHR',
-            'modified_timestamp': 1741427272,
+        'only_matching': True,
            'modified_date': '20250308',
        },
    }, {
        # Dailymotion Embed
-        'url': 'https://www.msn.com/de-de/nachrichten/other/the-first-descendant-gameplay-trailer-zu-serena-der-neuen-gefl%C3%BCgelten-nachfahrin/vi-AA1B1d06',
+        'url': 'https://www.msn.com/es-ve/entretenimiento/watch/winston-salem-paire-refait-des-siennes-en-perdant-sa-raquette-au-service/vp-AAG704L',
-        'info_dict': {
+        'only_matching': True,
            'id': 'x9g6oli',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'The First Descendant: Gameplay-Trailer zu Serena, der neuen geflügelten Nachfahrin',
            'description': '',
            'uploader': 'MeinMMO',
            'uploader_id': 'x2mvqi4',
            'view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'age_limit': 0,
            'duration': 60,
            'thumbnail': 'https://s1.dmcdn.net/v/Y3fO61drj56vPB9SS/x1080',
            'tags': ['MeinMMO', 'The First Descendant'],
            'timestamp': 1742124877,
            'upload_date': '20250316',
        },
    }, {
-        # Youtube Embed
+        # YouTube Embed
-        'url': 'https://www.msn.com/en-gb/video/webcontent/web-content/vi-AA1ybFaJ',
+        'url': 'https://www.msn.com/en-in/money/news/meet-vikram-%E2%80%94-chandrayaan-2s-lander/vi-AAGUr0v',
-        'info_dict': {
+        'only_matching': True,
            'id': 'kQSChWu95nE',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': '7 Daily Habits to Nurture Your Personal Growth',
            'description': 'md5:6f233c68341b74dee30c8c121924e827',
            'uploader': 'TopThink',
            'uploader_id': '@TopThink',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@TopThink',
            'channel': 'TopThink',
            'channel_id': 'UCMlGmHokrQRp-RaNO7aq4Uw',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCMlGmHokrQRp-RaNO7aq4Uw',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'comment_count': int,
            'view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'age_limit': 0,
            'duration': 705,
            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/kQSChWu95nE/maxresdefault.jpg',
            'categories': ['Howto & Style'],
            'tags': ['topthink', 'top think', 'personal growth'],
            'timestamp': 1722711620,
            'upload_date': '20240803',
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'availability': 'public',
            'live_status': 'not_live',
        },
    }, {
-        # Article with social embed
+        # NBCSports Embed
-        'url': 'https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/techandscience/watch-earth-sets-and-rises-behind-moon-in-breathtaking-blue-ghost-video/ar-AA1zKoAc',
+        'url': 'https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/football_nfl/week-13-preview-redskins-vs-panthers/vi-BBXsCDb',
-        'info_dict': {
+        'only_matching': True,
            'id': 'AA1zKoAc',
            'title': 'Watch: Earth sets and rises behind Moon in breathtaking Blue Ghost video',
            'description': 'md5:0ad51cfa77e42e7f0c46cf98a619dbbf',
            'uploader': 'India Today',
            'uploader_id': 'AAyFWG',
            'tags': 'count:11',
            'timestamp': 1740485034,
            'upload_date': '20250225',
            'release_timestamp': 1740484875,
            'release_date': '20250225',
            'modified_timestamp': 1740488561,
            'modified_date': '20250225',
        },
        'playlist_count': 1,
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        locale, display_id, page_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('locale', 'display_id', 'id')
+        display_id, page_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
-        json_data = self._download_json(
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
            f'https://assets.msn.com/content/view/v2/Detail/{locale}/{page_id}', page_id)
        common_metadata = traverse_obj(json_data, {
            'title': ('title', {str}),
            'description': (('abstract', ('body', {clean_html})), {str}, filter, any),
            'timestamp': ('createdDateTime', {parse_iso8601}),
            'release_timestamp': ('publishedDateTime', {parse_iso8601}),
            'modified_timestamp': ('updatedDateTime', {parse_iso8601}),
            'thumbnail': ('thumbnail', 'image', 'url', {url_or_none}),
            'duration': ('videoMetadata', 'playTime', {int_or_none}),
            'tags': ('keywords', ..., {str}),
            'uploader': ('provider', 'name', {str}),
            'uploader_id': ('provider', 'id', {str}),
        })
        page_type = json_data['type']
        source_url = traverse_obj(json_data, ('sourceHref', {url_or_none}))
        if page_type == 'video':
            if traverse_obj(json_data, ('thirdPartyVideoPlayer', 'enabled')) and source_url:
                return self.url_result(source_url)
            formats = []
            subtitles = {}
            for file in traverse_obj(json_data, ('videoMetadata', 'externalVideoFiles', lambda _, v: url_or_none(v['url']))):
                file_url = file['url']
                ext = determine_ext(file_url)
                if ext == 'm3u8':
                    fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
                        file_url, page_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
                    formats.extend(fmts)
                    self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
                elif ext == 'mpd':
                    fmts, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
                        file_url, page_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False)
                    formats.extend(fmts)
                    self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
                else:
                    formats.append(
                        traverse_obj(file, {
                            'url': 'url',
                            'format_id': ('format', {str}),
                            'filesize': ('fileSize', {int_or_none}),
                            'height': ('height', {int_or_none}),
                            'width': ('width', {int_or_none}),
                        }))
            for caption in traverse_obj(json_data, ('videoMetadata', 'closedCaptions', lambda _, v: url_or_none(v['href']))):
                lang = caption.get('locale') or 'en-us'
                subtitles.setdefault(lang, []).append({
                    'url': caption['href'],
                    'ext': 'ttml',
                })
            return {
                'id': page_id,
                'display_id': display_id,
                'formats': formats,
                'subtitles': subtitles,
                **common_metadata,
            }
        elif page_type == 'webcontent':
            if not source_url:
                raise ExtractorError('Could not find source URL')
            return self.url_result(source_url)
        elif page_type == 'article':
        entries = []
-            for embed_url in traverse_obj(json_data, ('socialEmbeds', ..., 'postUrl', {url_or_none})):
+        for _, metadata in re.findall(r'data-metadata\s*=\s*(["\'])(?P<data>.+?)\1', webpage):
-                entries.append(self.url_result(embed_url))
+            video = self._parse_json(unescapeHTML(metadata), display_id)
-            return self.playlist_result(entries, page_id, **common_metadata)
+            provider_id = video.get('providerId')
            player_name = video.get('playerName')
            if player_name and provider_id:
                entry = None
                if player_name == 'AOL':
                    if provider_id.startswith('http'):
                        provider_id = self._search_regex(
                            r'https?://delivery\.vidible\.tv/video/redirect/([0-9a-f]{24})',
                            provider_id, 'vidible id')
                    entry = self.url_result(
                        'aol-video:' + provider_id, 'Aol', provider_id)
                elif player_name == 'Dailymotion':
                    entry = self.url_result(
                        'https://www.dailymotion.com/video/' + provider_id,
                        'Dailymotion', provider_id)
                elif player_name == 'YouTube':
                    entry = self.url_result(
                        provider_id, 'Youtube', provider_id)
                elif player_name == 'NBCSports':
                    entry = self.url_result(
                        'http://vplayer.nbcsports.com/p/BxmELC/nbcsports_embed/select/media/' + provider_id,
                        'NBCSportsVPlayer', provider_id)
                if entry:
                    entries.append(entry)
                    continue
-        raise ExtractorError(f'Unsupported page type: {page_type}')
+            video_id = video['uuid']
            title = video['title']
            formats = []
            for file_ in video.get('videoFiles', []):
                format_url = file_.get('url')
                if not format_url:
                    continue
                if 'format=m3u8-aapl' in format_url:
                    # m3u8_native should not be used here until
                    # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/9913 is fixed
                    formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                        format_url, display_id, 'mp4',
                        m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False))
                elif 'format=mpd-time-csf' in format_url:
                    formats.extend(self._extract_mpd_formats(
                        format_url, display_id, 'dash', fatal=False))
                elif '.ism' in format_url:
                    if format_url.endswith('.ism'):
                        format_url += '/manifest'
                    formats.extend(self._extract_ism_formats(
                        format_url, display_id, 'mss', fatal=False))
                else:
                    format_id = file_.get('formatCode')
                    formats.append({
                        'url': format_url,
                        'ext': 'mp4',
                        'format_id': format_id,
                        'width': int_or_none(file_.get('width')),
                        'height': int_or_none(file_.get('height')),
                        'vbr': int_or_none(self._search_regex(r'_(\d+)\.mp4', format_url, 'vbr', default=None)),
                        'quality': 1 if format_id == '1001' else None,
                    })
            subtitles = {}
            for file_ in video.get('files', []):
                format_url = file_.get('url')
                format_code = file_.get('formatCode')
                if not format_url or not format_code:
                    continue
                if str(format_code) == '3100':
                    subtitles.setdefault(file_.get('culture', 'en'), []).append({
                        'ext': determine_ext(format_url, 'ttml'),
                        'url': format_url,
                    })
            entries.append({
                'id': video_id,
                'display_id': display_id,
                'title': title,
                'description': video.get('description'),
                'thumbnail': video.get('headlineImage', {}).get('url'),
                'duration': int_or_none(video.get('durationSecs')),
                'uploader': video.get('sourceFriendly'),
                'uploader_id': video.get('providerId'),
                'creator': video.get('creator'),
                'subtitles': subtitles,
                'formats': formats,
            })
        if not entries:
            error = unescapeHTML(self._search_regex(
                r'data-error=(["\'])(?P<error>.+?)\1',
                webpage, 'error', group='error'))
            raise ExtractorError(f'{self.IE_NAME} said: {error}', expected=True)
        return self.playlist_result(entries, page_id)
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/n1.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/n1.py
@ -4,9 +4,7 @@ from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
    extract_attributes,
    unified_timestamp,
    url_or_none,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class N1InfoAssetIE(InfoExtractor):
@ -37,9 +35,9 @@ class N1InfoIIE(InfoExtractor):
    IE_NAME = 'N1Info:article'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:\w+\.)?n1info\.\w+|nova\.rs)/(?:[^/?#]+/){1,2}(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
-        # YouTube embedded
+        # Youtube embedded
        'url': 'https://rs.n1info.com/sport-klub/tenis/kako-je-djokovic-propustio-istorijsku-priliku-video/',
-        'md5': '987ce6fd72acfecc453281e066b87973',
+        'md5': '01ddb6646d0fd9c4c7d990aa77fe1c5a',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'L5Hd4hQVUpk',
            'ext': 'mp4',
@ -47,26 +45,7 @@ class N1InfoIIE(InfoExtractor):
            'title': 'Ozmo i USO21, ep. 13: Novak Đoković – Danil Medvedev | Ključevi Poraza, Budućnost | SPORT KLUB TENIS',
            'description': 'md5:467f330af1effedd2e290f10dc31bb8e',
            'uploader': 'Sport Klub',
-            'uploader_id': '@sportklub',
+            'uploader_id': 'sportklub',
            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@sportklub',
            'channel': 'Sport Klub',
            'channel_id': 'UChpzBje9Ro6CComXe3BgNaw',
            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChpzBje9Ro6CComXe3BgNaw',
            'channel_is_verified': True,
            'channel_follower_count': int,
            'comment_count': int,
            'view_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'age_limit': 0,
            'duration': 1049,
            'thumbnail': 'https://i.ytimg.com/vi/L5Hd4hQVUpk/maxresdefault.jpg',
            'chapters': 'count:9',
            'categories': ['Sports'],
            'tags': 'count:10',
            'timestamp': 1631522787,
            'playable_in_embed': True,
            'availability': 'public',
            'live_status': 'not_live',
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://rs.n1info.com/vesti/djilas-los-plan-za-metro-nece-resiti-nijedan-saobracajni-problem/',
@ -76,7 +55,6 @@ class N1InfoIIE(InfoExtractor):
            'title': 'Đilas: Predlog izgradnje metroa besmislen; SNS odbacuje navode',
            'upload_date': '20210924',
            'timestamp': 1632481347,
            'thumbnail': 'http://n1info.rs/wp-content/themes/ucnewsportal-n1/dist/assets/images/placeholder-image-video.jpg',
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': True,
@ -89,7 +67,6 @@ class N1InfoIIE(InfoExtractor):
            'title': 'Zadnji dnevi na kopališču Ilirija: “Ilirija ni umrla, ubili so jo”',
            'timestamp': 1632567630,
            'upload_date': '20210925',
            'thumbnail': 'https://n1info.si/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/06/1630945843-tomaz3.png',
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': True,
@ -104,14 +81,6 @@ class N1InfoIIE(InfoExtractor):
            'upload_date': '20210924',
            'timestamp': 1632448649.0,
            'uploader': 'YouLotWhatDontStop',
            'display_id': 'pu9wbx',
            'channel_id': 'serbia',
            'comment_count': int,
            'like_count': int,
            'dislike_count': int,
            'age_limit': 0,
            'duration': 134,
            'thumbnail': 'https://external-preview.redd.it/5nmmawSeGx60miQM3Iq-ueC9oyCLTLjjqX-qqY8uRsc.png?format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=2f973400b04d23f871b608b178e47fc01f9b8f1d',
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': True,
@ -124,7 +93,6 @@ class N1InfoIIE(InfoExtractor):
            'title': 'Žaklina Tatalović Ani Brnabić: Pričate laži (VIDEO)',
            'upload_date': '20211102',
            'timestamp': 1635861677,
            'thumbnail': 'https://nova.rs/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/02/1635860298-TNJG_Ana_Brnabic_i_Zaklina_Tatalovic_100_dana_Vlade_GP.jpg',
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://n1info.rs/vesti/cuta-biti-u-kosovskoj-mitrovici-znaci-da-te-docekaju-eksplozivnim-napravama/',
@ -136,16 +104,6 @@ class N1InfoIIE(InfoExtractor):
            'timestamp': 1687290536,
            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn.brid.tv/live/partners/26827/snapshot/1332368_th_6492013a8356f_1687290170.jpg',
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://n1info.rs/vesti/vuciceva-turneja-po-srbiji-najavljuje-kontrarevoluciju-preti-svom-narodu-vredja-novinare/',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '2025974',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Vučićeva turneja po Srbiji: Najavljuje kontrarevoluciju, preti svom narodu, vređa novinare',
            'thumbnail': 'https://cdn-uc.brid.tv/live/partners/26827/snapshot/2025974_fhd_67c4a23280a81_1740939826.jpg',
            'timestamp': 1740939936,
            'upload_date': '20250302',
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://hr.n1info.com/vijesti/pravobraniteljica-o-ubojstvu-u-zagrebu-radi-se-o-doista-nezapamcenoj-situaciji/',
        'only_matching': True,
@ -157,11 +115,11 @@ class N1InfoIIE(InfoExtractor):
        title = self._html_search_regex(r'<h1[^>]+>(.+?)</h1>', webpage, 'title')
        timestamp = unified_timestamp(self._html_search_meta('article:published_time', webpage))
-        plugin_data = re.findall(r'\$bp\("(?:Brid|TargetVideo)_\d+",\s(.+)\);', webpage)
+        plugin_data = self._html_search_meta('BridPlugin', webpage)
        entries = []
        if plugin_data:
            site_id = self._html_search_regex(r'site:(\d+)', webpage, 'site id')
-            for video_data in plugin_data:
+            for video_data in re.findall(r'\$bp\("Brid_\d+", (.+)\);', webpage):
                video_id = self._parse_json(video_data, title)['video']
                entries.append({
                    'id': video_id,
@ -182,7 +140,7 @@ class N1InfoIIE(InfoExtractor):
                    'url': video_data.get('data-url'),
                    'id': video_data.get('id'),
                    'title': title,
-                    'thumbnail': traverse_obj(video_data, (('data-thumbnail', 'data-default_thumbnail'), {url_or_none}, any)),
+                    'thumbnail': video_data.get('data-thumbnail'),
                    'timestamp': timestamp,
                    'ie_key': 'N1InfoAsset',
                })
@ -194,7 +152,7 @@ class N1InfoIIE(InfoExtractor):
            if url.startswith('https://www.youtube.com'):
                entries.append(self.url_result(url, ie='Youtube'))
            elif url.startswith('https://www.redditmedia.com'):
-                entries.append(self.url_result(url, ie='Reddit'))
+                entries.append(self.url_result(url, ie='RedditR'))
        return {
            '_type': 'playlist',
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nbc.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nbc.py
@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ class NBCStationsIE(InfoExtractor):
        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
        nbc_data = self._search_json(
-            r'(?:<script>\s*var\s+nbc\s*=|Object\.assign\(nbc,)', webpage, 'NBC JSON data', video_id)
+            r'<script>\s*var\s+nbc\s*=', webpage, 'NBC JSON data', video_id)
        pdk_acct = nbc_data.get('pdkAcct') or 'Yh1nAC'
        fw_ssid = traverse_obj(nbc_data, ('video', 'fwSSID'))
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/niconico.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/niconico.py
@ -13,89 +13,30 @@ from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    OnDemandPagedList,
    clean_html,
    determine_ext,
    float_or_none,
    int_or_none,
    join_nonempty,
    parse_duration,
    parse_iso8601,
    parse_qs,
    parse_resolution,
    qualities,
    remove_start,
    str_or_none,
    traverse_obj,
    try_get,
    unescapeHTML,
    unified_timestamp,
    update_url_query,
    url_basename,
    url_or_none,
    urlencode_postdata,
    urljoin,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import find_element, traverse_obj
-class NiconicoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
+class NiconicoIE(InfoExtractor):
    _GEO_BYPASS = False
    _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['JP']
    _LOGIN_BASE = 'https://account.nicovideo.jp'
    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'niconico'
    @property
    def is_logged_in(self):
        return bool(self._get_cookies('https://www.nicovideo.jp').get('user_session'))
    def _raise_login_error(self, message, expected=True):
        raise ExtractorError(f'Unable to login: {message}', expected=expected)
    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
        if self.is_logged_in:
            return
        self._request_webpage(
            f'{self._LOGIN_BASE}/login', None, 'Requesting session cookies')
        webpage = self._download_webpage(
            f'{self._LOGIN_BASE}/login/redirector', None,
            'Logging in', 'Unable to log in', headers={
                'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
                'Referer': f'{self._LOGIN_BASE}/login',
            }, data=urlencode_postdata({
                'mail_tel': username,
                'password': password,
            }))
        if self.is_logged_in:
            return
        elif err_msg := traverse_obj(webpage, (
            {find_element(cls='notice error')}, {find_element(cls='notice__text')}, {clean_html},
        )):
            self._raise_login_error(err_msg or 'Invalid username or password')
        elif 'oneTimePw' in webpage:
            post_url = self._search_regex(
                r'<form[^>]+action=(["\'])(?P<url>.+?)\1', webpage, 'post url', group='url')
            mfa, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(
                urljoin(self._LOGIN_BASE, post_url), None,
                'Performing MFA', 'Unable to complete MFA', headers={
                    'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
                }, data=urlencode_postdata({
                    'otp': self._get_tfa_info('6 digit number shown on app'),
                }))
            if self.is_logged_in:
                return
            elif 'error-code' in parse_qs(urlh.url):
                err_msg = traverse_obj(mfa, ({find_element(cls='pageMainMsg')}, {clean_html}))
                self._raise_login_error(err_msg or 'MFA session expired')
            elif 'formError' in mfa:
                err_msg = traverse_obj(mfa, (
                    {find_element(cls='formError')}, {find_element(tag='div')}, {clean_html}))
                self._raise_login_error(err_msg or 'MFA challenge failed')
        self._raise_login_error('Unexpected login error', expected=False)
 class NiconicoIE(NiconicoBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'niconico'
    IE_DESC = 'ニコニコ動画'
    _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['JP']
    _GEO_BYPASS = False
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'http://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/sm22312215',
@ -235,6 +176,229 @@ class NiconicoIE(NiconicoBaseIE):
    }]
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:(?:www\.|secure\.|sp\.)?nicovideo\.jp/watch|nico\.ms)/(?P<id>(?:[a-z]{2})?[0-9]+)'
    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'niconico'
    _API_HEADERS = {
        'X-Frontend-ID': '6',
        'X-Frontend-Version': '0',
        'X-Niconico-Language': 'en-us',
        'Referer': 'https://www.nicovideo.jp/',
        'Origin': 'https://www.nicovideo.jp',
    }
    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
        login_ok = True
        login_form_strs = {
            'mail_tel': username,
            'password': password,
        }
        self._request_webpage(
            'https://account.nicovideo.jp/login', None,
            note='Acquiring Login session')
        page = self._download_webpage(
            'https://account.nicovideo.jp/login/redirector?show_button_twitter=1&site=niconico&show_button_facebook=1', None,
            note='Logging in', errnote='Unable to log in',
            data=urlencode_postdata(login_form_strs),
            headers={
                'Referer': 'https://account.nicovideo.jp/login',
                'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
            })
        if 'oneTimePw' in page:
            post_url = self._search_regex(
                r'<form[^>]+action=(["\'])(?P<url>.+?)\1', page, 'post url', group='url')
            page = self._download_webpage(
                urljoin('https://account.nicovideo.jp', post_url), None,
                note='Performing MFA', errnote='Unable to complete MFA',
                data=urlencode_postdata({
                    'otp': self._get_tfa_info('6 digits code'),
                }), headers={
                    'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
                })
            if 'oneTimePw' in page or 'formError' in page:
                err_msg = self._html_search_regex(
                    r'formError["\']+>(.*?)</div>', page, 'form_error',
                    default='There\'s an error but the message can\'t be parsed.',
                    flags=re.DOTALL)
                self.report_warning(f'Unable to log in: MFA challenge failed, "{err_msg}"')
                return False
        login_ok = 'class="notice error"' not in page
        if not login_ok:
            self.report_warning('Unable to log in: bad username or password')
        return login_ok
    def _get_heartbeat_info(self, info_dict):
        video_id, video_src_id, audio_src_id = info_dict['url'].split(':')[1].split('/')
        dmc_protocol = info_dict['expected_protocol']
        api_data = (
            info_dict.get('_api_data')
            or self._parse_json(
                self._html_search_regex(
                    'data-api-data="([^"]+)"',
                    self._download_webpage('https://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/' + video_id, video_id),
                    'API data', default='{}'),
                video_id))
        session_api_data = try_get(api_data, lambda x: x['media']['delivery']['movie']['session'])
        session_api_endpoint = try_get(session_api_data, lambda x: x['urls'][0])
        def ping():
            tracking_id = traverse_obj(api_data, ('media', 'delivery', 'trackingId'))
            if tracking_id:
                tracking_url = update_url_query('https://nvapi.nicovideo.jp/v1/2ab0cbaa/watch', {'t': tracking_id})
                watch_request_response = self._download_json(
                    tracking_url, video_id,
                    note='Acquiring permission for downloading video', fatal=False,
                    headers=self._API_HEADERS)
                if traverse_obj(watch_request_response, ('meta', 'status')) != 200:
                    self.report_warning('Failed to acquire permission for playing video. Video download may fail.')
        yesno = lambda x: 'yes' if x else 'no'
        if dmc_protocol == 'http':
            protocol = 'http'
            protocol_parameters = {
                'http_output_download_parameters': {
                    'use_ssl': yesno(session_api_data['urls'][0]['isSsl']),
                    'use_well_known_port': yesno(session_api_data['urls'][0]['isWellKnownPort']),
                },
            }
        elif dmc_protocol == 'hls':
            protocol = 'm3u8'
            segment_duration = try_get(self._configuration_arg('segment_duration'), lambda x: int(x[0])) or 6000
            parsed_token = self._parse_json(session_api_data['token'], video_id)
            encryption = traverse_obj(api_data, ('media', 'delivery', 'encryption'))
            protocol_parameters = {
                'hls_parameters': {
                    'segment_duration': segment_duration,
                    'transfer_preset': '',
                    'use_ssl': yesno(session_api_data['urls'][0]['isSsl']),
                    'use_well_known_port': yesno(session_api_data['urls'][0]['isWellKnownPort']),
                },
            }
            if 'hls_encryption' in parsed_token and encryption:
                protocol_parameters['hls_parameters']['encryption'] = {
                    parsed_token['hls_encryption']: {
                        'encrypted_key': encryption['encryptedKey'],
                        'key_uri': encryption['keyUri'],
                    },
                }
            else:
                protocol = 'm3u8_native'
        else:
            raise ExtractorError(f'Unsupported DMC protocol: {dmc_protocol}')
        session_response = self._download_json(
            session_api_endpoint['url'], video_id,
            query={'_format': 'json'},
            headers={'Content-Type': 'application/json'},
            note='Downloading JSON metadata for {}'.format(info_dict['format_id']),
            data=json.dumps({
                'session': {
                    'client_info': {
                        'player_id': session_api_data.get('playerId'),
                    },
                    'content_auth': {
                        'auth_type': try_get(session_api_data, lambda x: x['authTypes'][session_api_data['protocols'][0]]),
                        'content_key_timeout': session_api_data.get('contentKeyTimeout'),
                        'service_id': 'nicovideo',
                        'service_user_id': session_api_data.get('serviceUserId'),
                    },
                    'content_id': session_api_data.get('contentId'),
                    'content_src_id_sets': [{
                        'content_src_ids': [{
                            'src_id_to_mux': {
                                'audio_src_ids': [audio_src_id],
                                'video_src_ids': [video_src_id],
                            },
                        }],
                    }],
                    'content_type': 'movie',
                    'content_uri': '',
                    'keep_method': {
                        'heartbeat': {
                            'lifetime': session_api_data.get('heartbeatLifetime'),
                        },
                    },
                    'priority': session_api_data['priority'],
                    'protocol': {
                        'name': 'http',
                        'parameters': {
                            'http_parameters': {
                                'parameters': protocol_parameters,
                            },
                        },
                    },
                    'recipe_id': session_api_data.get('recipeId'),
                    'session_operation_auth': {
                        'session_operation_auth_by_signature': {
                            'signature': session_api_data.get('signature'),
                            'token': session_api_data.get('token'),
                        },
                    },
                    'timing_constraint': 'unlimited',
                },
            }).encode())
        info_dict['url'] = session_response['data']['session']['content_uri']
        info_dict['protocol'] = protocol
        # get heartbeat info
        heartbeat_info_dict = {
            'url': session_api_endpoint['url'] + '/' + session_response['data']['session']['id'] + '?_format=json&_method=PUT',
            'data': json.dumps(session_response['data']),
            # interval, convert milliseconds to seconds, then halve to make a buffer.
            'interval': float_or_none(session_api_data.get('heartbeatLifetime'), scale=3000),
            'ping': ping,
        }
        return info_dict, heartbeat_info_dict
    def _extract_format_for_quality(self, video_id, audio_quality, video_quality, dmc_protocol):
        if not audio_quality.get('isAvailable') or not video_quality.get('isAvailable'):
            return None
        format_id = '-'.join(
            [remove_start(s['id'], 'archive_') for s in (video_quality, audio_quality)] + [dmc_protocol])
        vid_qual_label = traverse_obj(video_quality, ('metadata', 'label'))
        return {
            'url': 'niconico_dmc:{}/{}/{}'.format(video_id, video_quality['id'], audio_quality['id']),
            'format_id': format_id,
            'format_note': join_nonempty('DMC', vid_qual_label, dmc_protocol.upper(), delim=' '),
            'ext': 'mp4',  # Session API are used in HTML5, which always serves mp4
            'acodec': 'aac',
            'vcodec': 'h264',
            **traverse_obj(audio_quality, ('metadata', {
                'abr': ('bitrate', {float_or_none(scale=1000)}),
                'asr': ('samplingRate', {int_or_none}),
            })),
            **traverse_obj(video_quality, ('metadata', {
                'vbr': ('bitrate', {float_or_none(scale=1000)}),
                'height': ('resolution', 'height', {int_or_none}),
                'width': ('resolution', 'width', {int_or_none}),
            })),
            'quality': -2 if 'low' in video_quality['id'] else None,
            'protocol': 'niconico_dmc',
            'expected_protocol': dmc_protocol,  # XXX: This is not a documented field
            'http_headers': {
                'Origin': 'https://www.nicovideo.jp',
                'Referer': 'https://www.nicovideo.jp/watch/' + video_id,
            },
        }
    def _yield_dmc_formats(self, api_data, video_id):
        dmc_data = traverse_obj(api_data, ('media', 'delivery', 'movie'))
        audios = traverse_obj(dmc_data, ('audios', ..., {dict}))
        videos = traverse_obj(dmc_data, ('videos', ..., {dict}))
        protocols = traverse_obj(dmc_data, ('session', 'protocols', ..., {str}))
        if not all((audios, videos, protocols)):
            return
        for audio_quality, video_quality, protocol in itertools.product(audios, videos, protocols):
            if fmt := self._extract_format_for_quality(video_id, audio_quality, video_quality, protocol):
                yield fmt
    def _yield_dms_formats(self, api_data, video_id):
        fmt_filter = lambda _, v: v['isAvailable'] and v['id']
@ -266,7 +430,6 @@ class NiconicoIE(NiconicoBaseIE):
                    'format_id': ('id', {str}),
                    'abr': ('bitRate', {float_or_none(scale=1000)}),
                    'asr': ('samplingRate', {int_or_none}),
                    'quality': ('qualityLevel', {int_or_none}),
                }), get_all=False),
                'acodec': 'aac',
            }
@ -278,9 +441,7 @@ class NiconicoIE(NiconicoBaseIE):
        min_abr = min(traverse_obj(audios, (..., 'bitRate', {float_or_none})), default=0) / 1000
        for video_fmt in video_fmts:
            video_fmt['tbr'] -= min_abr
-            video_fmt['format_id'] = url_basename(video_fmt['url']).rpartition('.')[0]
+            video_fmt['format_id'] = f'video-{video_fmt["tbr"]:.0f}'
            video_fmt['quality'] = traverse_obj(videos, (
                lambda _, v: v['id'] == video_fmt['format_id'], 'qualityLevel', {int_or_none}, any)) or -1
            yield video_fmt
    def _real_extract(self, url):
@ -317,8 +478,8 @@ class NiconicoIE(NiconicoBaseIE):
            'needs_premium': ('isPremium', {bool}),
            'needs_subscription': ('isAdmission', {bool}),
        })) or {'needs_auth': True}))
-
+        formats = [*self._yield_dmc_formats(api_data, video_id),
-        formats = list(self._yield_dms_formats(api_data, video_id))
+                   *self._yield_dms_formats(api_data, video_id)]
        if not formats:
            fail_msg = clean_html(self._html_search_regex(
                r'<p[^>]+\bclass="fail-message"[^>]*>(?P<msg>.+?)</p>',
@ -753,7 +914,7 @@ class NiconicoUserIE(InfoExtractor):
        return self.playlist_result(self._entries(list_id), list_id)
-class NiconicoLiveIE(NiconicoBaseIE):
+class NiconicoLiveIE(InfoExtractor):
    IE_NAME = 'niconico:live'
    IE_DESC = 'ニコニコ生放送'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:sp\.)?live2?\.nicovideo\.jp/(?:watch|gate)/(?P<id>lv\d+)'
@ -818,7 +979,6 @@ class NiconicoLiveIE(NiconicoBaseIE):
                    'quality': 'abr',
                    'protocol': 'hls+fmp4',
                    'latency': latency,
                    'accessRightMethod': 'single_cookie',
                    'chasePlay': False,
                },
                'room': {
@ -839,7 +999,6 @@ class NiconicoLiveIE(NiconicoBaseIE):
            if data.get('type') == 'stream':
                m3u8_url = data['data']['uri']
                qualities = data['data']['availableQualities']
                cookies = data['data']['cookies']
                break
            elif data.get('type') == 'disconnect':
                self.write_debug(recv)
@ -874,15 +1033,9 @@ class NiconicoLiveIE(NiconicoBaseIE):
                thumbnails.append({
                    'id': f'{name}_{width}x{height}',
                    'url': img_url,
                    'ext': traverse_obj(parse_qs(img_url), ('image', 0, {determine_ext(default_ext='jpg')})),
                    **res,
                })
        for cookie in cookies:
            self._set_cookie(
                cookie['domain'], cookie['name'], cookie['value'],
                expire_time=unified_timestamp(cookie['expires']), path=cookie['path'], secure=cookie['secure'])
        formats = self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, video_id, ext='mp4', live=True)
        for fmt, q in zip(formats, reversed(qualities[1:])):
            fmt.update({
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/ninenow.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/ninenow.py
@ -1,46 +1,34 @@
 import json
 import re
 from .brightcove import BrightcoveNewIE
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
    ExtractorError,
    float_or_none,
    int_or_none,
-    parse_iso8601,
+    smuggle_url,
    parse_resolution,
    str_or_none,
-    url_or_none,
+    try_get,
    unified_strdate,
    unified_timestamp,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import require, traverse_obj, value
 class NineNowIE(InfoExtractor):
    IE_NAME = '9now.com.au'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?9now\.com\.au/(?:[^/?#]+/){2}(?P<id>(?P<type>clip|episode)-[^/?#]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?9now\.com\.au/(?:[^/]+/){2}(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
-    _GEO_BYPASS = False
+    _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['AU']
    _TESTS = [{
        # clip
-        'url': 'https://www.9now.com.au/today/season-2025/clip-cm8hw9h5z00080hquqa5hszq7',
+        'url': 'https://www.9now.com.au/afl-footy-show/2016/clip-ciql02091000g0hp5oktrnytc',
        'md5': '17cf47d63ec9323e562c9957a968b565',
        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '6370295582112',
+            'id': '16801',
            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Would Karl Stefanovic be able to land a plane?',
+            'title': 'St. Kilda\'s Joey Montagna on the potential for a player\'s strike',
-            'description': 'The Today host\'s skills are put to the test with the latest simulation tech.',
+            'description': 'Is a boycott of the NAB Cup "on the table"?',
            'uploader_id': '4460760524001',
-            'duration': 197.376,
+            'upload_date': '20160713',
-            'tags': ['flights', 'technology', 'Karl Stefanovic'],
+            'timestamp': 1468421266,
            'season': 'Season 2025',
            'season_number': 2025,
            'series': 'TODAY',
            'timestamp': 1742507988,
            'upload_date': '20250320',
            'release_timestamp': 1742507983,
            'release_date': '20250320',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/1920x0/.+\.jpg',
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': 'HLS/DASH fragments and mp4 URLs are geo-restricted; only available in AU',
        },
        'skip': 'Only available in Australia',
    }, {
        # episode
        'url': 'https://www.9now.com.au/afl-footy-show/2016/episode-19',
@ -53,7 +41,7 @@ class NineNowIE(InfoExtractor):
        # episode of series
        'url': 'https://www.9now.com.au/lego-masters/season-3/episode-3',
        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '6308830406112',
+            'id': '6249614030001',
            'title': 'Episode 3',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'season_number': 3,
@ -62,87 +50,72 @@ class NineNowIE(InfoExtractor):
            'uploader_id': '4460760524001',
            'timestamp': 1619002200,
            'upload_date': '20210421',
            'duration': 3574.085,
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/1920x0/.+\.jpg',
            'tags': ['episode'],
            'series': 'Lego Masters',
            'season': 'Season 3',
            'episode': 'Episode 3',
            'release_timestamp': 1619002200,
            'release_date': '20210421',
        },
        'expected_warnings': ['Ignoring subtitle tracks'],
        'params': {
-            'skip_download': 'HLS/DASH fragments and mp4 URLs are geo-restricted; only available in AU',
+            'skip_download': True,
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.9now.com.au/married-at-first-sight/season-12/episode-1',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '6367798770112',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'Episode 1',
            'description': r're:The cultural sensation of Married At First Sight returns with our first weddings! .{90}$',
            'uploader_id': '4460760524001',
            'duration': 5415.079,
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/1920x0/.+\.png',
            'tags': ['episode'],
            'season': 'Season 12',
            'season_number': 12,
            'episode': 'Episode 1',
            'episode_number': 1,
            'series': 'Married at First Sight',
            'timestamp': 1737973800,
            'upload_date': '20250127',
            'release_timestamp': 1737973800,
            'release_date': '20250127',
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': 'HLS/DASH fragments and mp4 URLs are geo-restricted; only available in AU',
        },
    }]
-    BRIGHTCOVE_URL_TEMPLATE = 'http://players.brightcove.net/4460760524001/default_default/index.html?videoId={}'
+    BRIGHTCOVE_URL_TEMPLATE = 'http://players.brightcove.net/4460760524001/default_default/index.html?videoId=%s'
    # XXX: For parsing next.js v15+ data; see also yt_dlp.extractor.francetv and yt_dlp.extractor.goplay
    def _find_json(self, s):
        return self._search_json(
            r'\w+\s*:\s*', s, 'next js data', None, contains_pattern=r'\[(?s:.+)\]', default=None)
    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        display_id, video_type = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'type')
+        display_id = self._match_id(url)
        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, display_id)
        page_data = self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
            r'window\.__data\s*=\s*({.*?});', webpage,
            'page data', default='{}'), display_id, fatal=False)
        if not page_data:
            page_data = self._parse_json(self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
                r'window\.__data\s*=\s*JSON\.parse\s*\(\s*(".+?")\s*\)\s*;',
                webpage, 'page data'), display_id), display_id)
-        common_data = traverse_obj(
+        for kind in ('episode', 'clip'):
-            re.findall(r'<script[^>]*>\s*self\.__next_f\.push\(\s*(\[.+?\])\s*\);?\s*</script>', webpage),
+            current_key = page_data.get(kind, {}).get(
-            (..., {json.loads}, ..., {self._find_json},
+                f'current{kind.capitalize()}Key')
-             lambda _, v: v['payload'][video_type]['slug'] == display_id,
+            if not current_key:
-             'payload', any, {require('video data')}))
+                continue
            cache = page_data.get(kind, {}).get(f'{kind}Cache', {})
            if not cache:
                continue
            common_data = {
                'episode': (cache.get(current_key) or next(iter(cache.values())))[kind],
                'season': (cache.get(current_key) or next(iter(cache.values()))).get('season', None),
            }
            break
        else:
            raise ExtractorError('Unable to find video data')
-        if traverse_obj(common_data, (video_type, 'video', 'drm', {bool})):
+        if not self.get_param('allow_unplayable_formats') and try_get(common_data, lambda x: x['episode']['video']['drm'], bool):
            self.report_drm(display_id)
-        brightcove_id = traverse_obj(common_data, (
+        brightcove_id = try_get(
-            video_type, 'video', (
+            common_data, lambda x: x['episode']['video']['brightcoveId'], str) or 'ref:{}'.format(common_data['episode']['video']['referenceId'])
-                ('brightcoveId', {str}),
+        video_id = str_or_none(try_get(common_data, lambda x: x['episode']['video']['id'])) or brightcove_id
-                ('referenceId', {str}, {lambda x: f'ref:{x}' if x else None}),
+
-            ), any, {require('brightcove ID')}))
+        title = try_get(common_data, lambda x: x['episode']['name'], str)
        season_number = try_get(common_data, lambda x: x['season']['seasonNumber'], int)
        episode_number = try_get(common_data, lambda x: x['episode']['episodeNumber'], int)
        timestamp = unified_timestamp(try_get(common_data, lambda x: x['episode']['airDate'], str))
        release_date = unified_strdate(try_get(common_data, lambda x: x['episode']['availability'], str))
        thumbnails_data = try_get(common_data, lambda x: x['episode']['image']['sizes'], dict) or {}
        thumbnails = [{
            'id': thumbnail_id,
            'url': thumbnail_url,
            'width': int_or_none(thumbnail_id[1:]),
        } for thumbnail_id, thumbnail_url in thumbnails_data.items()]
        return {
            '_type': 'url_transparent',
-            'ie_key': BrightcoveNewIE.ie_key(),
+            'url': smuggle_url(
-            'url': self.BRIGHTCOVE_URL_TEMPLATE.format(brightcove_id),
+                self.BRIGHTCOVE_URL_TEMPLATE % brightcove_id,
-            **traverse_obj(common_data, {
+                {'geo_countries': self._GEO_COUNTRIES}),
-                'id': (video_type, 'video', 'id', {int}, ({str_or_none}, {value(brightcove_id)}), any),
+            'id': video_id,
-                'title': (video_type, 'name', {str}),
+            'title': title,
-                'description': (video_type, 'description', {str}),
+            'description': try_get(common_data, lambda x: x['episode']['description'], str),
-                'duration': (video_type, 'video', 'duration', {float_or_none(scale=1000)}),
+            'duration': float_or_none(try_get(common_data, lambda x: x['episode']['video']['duration'], float), 1000),
-                'tags': (video_type, 'tags', ..., 'name', {str}, all, filter),
+            'thumbnails': thumbnails,
-                'series': ('tvSeries', 'name', {str}),
+            'ie_key': 'BrightcoveNew',
-                'season_number': ('season', 'seasonNumber', {int_or_none}),
+            'season_number': season_number,
-                'episode_number': ('episode', 'episodeNumber', {int_or_none}),
+            'episode_number': episode_number,
-                'timestamp': ('episode', 'airDate', {parse_iso8601}),
+            'timestamp': timestamp,
-                'release_timestamp': (video_type, 'availability', {parse_iso8601}),
+            'release_date': release_date,
                'thumbnails': (video_type, 'image', 'sizes', {dict.items}, lambda _, v: url_or_none(v[1]), {
                    'id': 0,
                    'url': 1,
                    'width': (1, {parse_resolution}, 'width'),
                }),
            }),
        }
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/nytimes.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/nytimes.py
@ -181,7 +181,6 @@ class NYTimesArticleIE(NYTimesBaseIE):
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://\w+\.nyt.com/images/.*\.jpg',
            'duration': 119.0,
        },
        'skip': 'HTTP Error 500: Internal Server Error',
    }, {
        # article with audio and no video
        'url': 'https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/29/health/mosquitoes-genetic-engineering.html',
@ -191,14 +190,13 @@ class NYTimesArticleIE(NYTimesBaseIE):
            'ext': 'mp3',
            'title': 'The Gamble: Can Genetically Modified Mosquitoes End Disease?',
            'description': 'md5:9ff8b47acbaf7f3ca8c732f5c815be2e',
-            'timestamp': 1696008129,
+            'timestamp': 1695960700,
            'upload_date': '20230929',
-            'creators': ['Stephanie Nolen', 'Natalija Gormalova'],
+            'creator': 'Stephanie Nolen, Natalija Gormalova',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://\w+\.nyt.com/images/.*\.jpg',
            'duration': 1322,
        },
    }, {
        # lede_media_block already has sourceId
        'url': 'https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/29/business/dealbook/kamala-harris-biden-voters.html',
        'md5': '3eb5ddb1d6f86254fe4f233826778737',
        'info_dict': {
@ -209,7 +207,7 @@ class NYTimesArticleIE(NYTimesBaseIE):
            'timestamp': 1701290997,
            'upload_date': '20231129',
            'uploader': 'By The New York Times',
-            'creators': ['Katie Rogers'],
+            'creator': 'Katie Rogers',
            'thumbnail': r're:https?://\w+\.nyt.com/images/.*\.jpg',
            'duration': 97.631,
        },
@ -224,22 +222,10 @@ class NYTimesArticleIE(NYTimesBaseIE):
            'title': 'Drunk and Asleep on the Job: Air Traffic Controllers Pushed to the Brink',
            'description': 'md5:549e5a5e935bf7d048be53ba3d2c863d',
            'upload_date': '20231202',
-            'creators': ['Emily Steel', 'Sydney Ember'],
+            'creator': 'Emily Steel, Sydney Ember',
            'timestamp': 1701511264,
        },
        'playlist_count': 3,
    }, {
        # lede_media_block does not have sourceId
        'url': 'https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/30/well/move/hip-mobility-routine.html',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'hip-mobility-routine',
            'title': 'Tight Hips? These Moves Can Help.',
            'description': 'Sitting all day is hard on your hips. Try this simple routine for better mobility.',
            'creators': ['Alyssa Ages', 'Theodore Tae'],
            'timestamp': 1746003629,
            'upload_date': '20250430',
        },
        'playlist_count': 7,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/02/business/media/netflix-squid-game-challenge.html',
        'only_matching': True,
@ -270,18 +256,14 @@ class NYTimesArticleIE(NYTimesBaseIE):
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        page_id = self._match_id(url)
-        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, page_id, impersonate=True)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, page_id)
        art_json = self._search_json(
            r'window\.__preloadedData\s*=', webpage, 'media details', page_id,
            transform_source=lambda x: x.replace('undefined', 'null'))['initialData']['data']['article']
        content = art_json['sprinkledBody']['content']
-        blocks = []
+        blocks = traverse_obj(art_json, (
-        block_filter = lambda k, v: k == 'media' and v['__typename'] in ('Video', 'Audio')
+            'sprinkledBody', 'content', ..., ('ledeMedia', None),
-        if lede_media_block := traverse_obj(content, (..., 'ledeMedia', block_filter, any)):
+            lambda _, v: v['__typename'] in ('Video', 'Audio')))
            lede_media_block.setdefault('sourceId', art_json.get('sourceId'))
            blocks.append(lede_media_block)
        blocks.extend(traverse_obj(content, (..., block_filter)))
        if not blocks:
            raise ExtractorError('Unable to extract any media blocks from webpage')
@ -291,7 +273,8 @@ class NYTimesArticleIE(NYTimesBaseIE):
                'sprinkledBody', 'content', ..., 'summary', 'content', ..., 'text', {str}),
                get_all=False) or self._html_search_meta(['og:description', 'twitter:description'], webpage),
            'timestamp': traverse_obj(art_json, ('firstPublished', {parse_iso8601})),
-            'creators': traverse_obj(art_json, ('bylines', ..., 'creators', ..., 'displayName', {str})),
+            'creator': ', '.join(
                traverse_obj(art_json, ('bylines', ..., 'creators', ..., 'displayName'))),  # TODO: change to 'creators' (list)
            'thumbnails': self._extract_thumbnails(traverse_obj(
                art_json, ('promotionalMedia', 'assetCrops', ..., 'renditions', ...))),
        }
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/on24.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/on24.py
@ -11,15 +11,12 @@ class On24IE(InfoExtractor):
    IE_NAME = 'on24'
    IE_DESC = 'ON24'
-    _ID_RE = r'(?P<id>\d{7})'
+    _VALID_URL = r'''(?x)
-    _KEY_RE = r'(?P<key>[0-9A-F]{32})'
+                    https?://event\.on24\.com/(?:
-    _URL_BASE_RE = r'https?://event\.on24\.com'
+                        wcc/r/(?P<id_1>\d{7})/(?P<key_1>[0-9A-F]{32})|
-    _URL_QUERY_RE = rf'(?:[^#]*&)?eventid={_ID_RE}&(?:[^#]+&)?key={_KEY_RE}'
+                        eventRegistration/(?:console/EventConsoleApollo|EventLobbyServlet\?target=lobby30)
-    _VALID_URL = [
+                            \.jsp\?(?:[^/#?]*&)?eventid=(?P<id_2>\d{7})[^/#?]*&key=(?P<key_2>[0-9A-F]{32})
-        rf'{_URL_BASE_RE}/wcc/r/{_ID_RE}/{_KEY_RE}',
+                    )'''
        rf'{_URL_BASE_RE}/eventRegistration/console/(?:EventConsoleApollo\.jsp|apollox/mainEvent/?)\?{_URL_QUERY_RE}',
        rf'{_URL_BASE_RE}/eventRegistration/EventLobbyServlet/?\?{_URL_QUERY_RE}',
    ]
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/console/EventConsoleApollo.jsp?uimode=nextgeneration&eventid=2197467&sessionid=1&key=5DF57BE53237F36A43B478DD36277A84&contenttype=A&eventuserid=305999&playerwidth=1000&playerheight=650&caller=previewLobby&text_language_id=en&format=fhaudio&newConsole=false',
@ -37,16 +34,12 @@ class On24IE(InfoExtractor):
    }, {
        'url': 'https://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/console/EventConsoleApollo.jsp?&eventid=2639291&sessionid=1&username=&partnerref=&format=fhvideo1&mobile=&flashsupportedmobiledevice=&helpcenter=&key=82829018E813065A122363877975752E&newConsole=true&nxChe=true&newTabCon=true&text_language_id=en&playerwidth=748&playerheight=526&eventuserid=338788762&contenttype=A&mediametricsessionid=384764716&mediametricid=3558192&usercd=369267058&mode=launch',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/EventLobbyServlet?target=reg20.jsp&eventid=3543176&key=BC0F6B968B67C34B50D461D40FDB3E18&groupId=3143628',
        'only_matching': True,
    }, {
        'url': 'https://event.on24.com/eventRegistration/console/apollox/mainEvent?&eventid=4843671&sessionid=1&username=&partnerref=&format=fhvideo1&mobile=&flashsupportedmobiledevice=&helpcenter=&key=4EAC9B5C564CC98FF29E619B06A2F743&newConsole=true&nxChe=true&newTabCon=true&consoleEarEventConsole=false&consoleEarCloudApi=false&text_language_id=en&playerwidth=748&playerheight=526&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fevent.on24.com%2Finterface%2Fregistration%2Fautoreg%2Findex.html%3Fsessionid%3D1%26eventid%3D4843671%26key%3D4EAC9B5C564CC98FF29E619B06A2F743%26email%3D000a3e42-7952-4dd6-8f8a-34c38ea3cf02%2540platform%26firstname%3Ds%26lastname%3Ds%26deletecookie%3Dtrue%26event_email%3DN%26marketing_email%3DN%26std1%3D0642572014177%26std2%3D0642572014179%26std3%3D550165f7-a44e-4725-9fe6-716f89908c2b%26std4%3D0&eventuserid=745776448&contenttype=A&mediametricsessionid=640613707&mediametricid=6810717&usercd=745776448&mode=launch',
        'only_matching': True,
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
-        event_id, event_key = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'key')
+        mobj = self._match_valid_url(url)
        event_id = mobj.group('id_1') or mobj.group('id_2')
        event_key = mobj.group('key_1') or mobj.group('key_2')
        event_data = self._download_json(
            'https://event.on24.com/apic/utilApp/EventConsoleCachedServlet',
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/openrec.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/openrec.py
@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class OpenRecBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 class OpenRecIE(OpenRecBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'openrec'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?openrec\.tv/live/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?openrec\.tv/live/(?P<id>[^/]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.openrec.tv/live/2p8v31qe4zy',
        'only_matching': True,
@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ class OpenRecIE(OpenRecBaseIE):
 class OpenRecCaptureIE(OpenRecBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'openrec:capture'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?openrec\.tv/capture/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?openrec\.tv/capture/(?P<id>[^/]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.openrec.tv/capture/l9nk2x4gn14',
        'only_matching': True,
@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class OpenRecCaptureIE(OpenRecBaseIE):
 class OpenRecMovieIE(OpenRecBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'openrec:movie'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?openrec\.tv/movie/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?openrec\.tv/movie/(?P<id>[^/]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://www.openrec.tv/movie/nqz5xl5km8v',
        'info_dict': {
@ -141,9 +141,6 @@ class OpenRecMovieIE(OpenRecBaseIE):
            'uploader_id': 'taiki_to_kazuhiro',
            'timestamp': 1638856800,
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.openrec.tv/movie/2p8vvex548y?playlist_id=98brq96vvsgn2nd',
        'only_matching': True,
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/panopto.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/panopto.py
@ -14,9 +14,8 @@ from ..utils import (
    int_or_none,
    parse_qs,
    srt_subtitles_timecode,
-    url_or_none,
+    traverse_obj,
 )
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class PanoptoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
@ -346,16 +345,21 @@ class PanoptoIE(PanoptoBaseIE):
        subtitles = {}
        for stream in streams or []:
            stream_formats = []
-            for stream_url in set(traverse_obj(stream, (('StreamHttpUrl', 'StreamUrl'), {url_or_none}))):
+            http_stream_url = stream.get('StreamHttpUrl')
            stream_url = stream.get('StreamUrl')
            if http_stream_url:
                stream_formats.append({'url': http_stream_url})
            if stream_url:
                media_type = stream.get('ViewerMediaFileTypeName')
                if media_type in ('hls', ):
-                    fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(stream_url, video_id, m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
+                    m3u8_formats, stream_subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(stream_url, video_id)
-                    stream_formats.extend(fmts)
+                    stream_formats.extend(m3u8_formats)
-                    self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
+                    subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, stream_subtitles)
                else:
                    stream_formats.append({
                        'url': stream_url,
                        'ext': media_type,
                    })
            for fmt in stream_formats:
                fmt.update({
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/parti.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/parti.py
@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import UserNotLive, int_or_none, parse_iso8601, url_or_none, urljoin
 from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 class PartiBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
    def _call_api(self, path, video_id, note=None):
        return self._download_json(
            f'https://api-backend.parti.com/parti_v2/profile/{path}', video_id, note)
 class PartiVideoIE(PartiBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'parti:video'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?parti\.com/video/(?P<id>\d+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://parti.com/video/66284',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': '66284',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'NOW LIVE ',
            'upload_date': '20250327',
            'categories': ['Gaming'],
            'thumbnail': 'https://assets.parti.com/351424_eb9e5250-2821-484a-9c5f-ca99aa666c87.png',
            'channel': 'ItZTMGG',
            'timestamp': 1743044379,
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        video_id = self._match_id(url)
        data = self._call_api(f'get_livestream_channel_info/recent/{video_id}', video_id)
        return {
            'id': video_id,
            'formats': self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                urljoin('https://watch.parti.com', data['livestream_recording']), video_id, 'mp4'),
            **traverse_obj(data, {
                'title': ('event_title', {str}),
                'channel': ('user_name', {str}),
                'thumbnail': ('event_file', {url_or_none}),
                'categories': ('category_name', {str}, filter, all),
                'timestamp': ('event_start_ts', {int_or_none}),
            }),
        }
 class PartiLivestreamIE(PartiBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'parti:livestream'
    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?parti\.com/creator/(?P<service>[\w]+)/(?P<id>[\w/-]+)'
    _TESTS = [{
        'url': 'https://parti.com/creator/parti/Capt_Robs_Adventures',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'Capt_Robs_Adventures',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': r"re:I'm Live on Parti \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}",
            'view_count': int,
            'thumbnail': r're:https://assets\.parti\.com/.+\.png',
            'timestamp': 1743879776,
            'upload_date': '20250405',
            'live_status': 'is_live',
        },
        'params': {'skip_download': 'm3u8'},
    }, {
        'url': 'https://parti.com/creator/discord/sazboxgaming/0',
        'only_matching': True,
    }]
    def _real_extract(self, url):
        service, creator_slug = self._match_valid_url(url).group('service', 'id')
        encoded_creator_slug = creator_slug.replace('/', '%23')
        creator_id = self._call_api(
            f'get_user_by_social_media/{service}/{encoded_creator_slug}',
            creator_slug, note='Fetching user ID')
        data = self._call_api(
            f'get_livestream_channel_info/{creator_id}', creator_id,
            note='Fetching user profile feed')['channel_info']
        if not traverse_obj(data, ('channel', 'is_live', {bool})):
            raise UserNotLive(video_id=creator_id)
        channel_info = data['channel']
        return {
            'id': creator_slug,
            'formats': self._extract_m3u8_formats(
                channel_info['playback_url'], creator_slug, live=True, query={
                    'token': channel_info['playback_auth_token'],
                    'player_version': '1.17.0',
                }),
            'is_live': True,
            **traverse_obj(data, {
                'title': ('livestream_event_info', 'event_name', {str}),
                'description': ('livestream_event_info', 'event_description', {str}),
                'thumbnail': ('livestream_event_info', 'livestream_preview_file', {url_or_none}),
                'timestamp': ('stream', 'start_time', {parse_iso8601}),
                'view_count': ('stream', 'viewer_count', {int_or_none}),
            }),
        }
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/phoenix.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/phoenix.py
@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
 import re
 from .youtube import YoutubeIE
 from .zdf import ZDFBaseIE
 from ..utils import (
@ -5,27 +7,44 @@ from ..utils import (
    merge_dicts,
    try_get,
    unified_timestamp,
    urljoin,
 )
 class PhoenixIE(ZDFBaseIE):
    IE_NAME = 'phoenix.de'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?phoenix\.de/(?:[^/?#]+/)*[^/?#&]*-a-(?P<id>\d+)\.html'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?phoenix\.de/(?:[^/]+/)*[^/?#&]*-a-(?P<id>\d+)\.html'
    _TESTS = [{
-        'url': 'https://www.phoenix.de/sendungen/dokumentationen/spitzbergen-a-893349.html',
+        # Same as https://www.zdf.de/politik/phoenix-sendungen/wohin-fuehrt-der-protest-in-der-pandemie-100.html
-        'md5': 'a79e86d9774d0b3f2102aff988a0bd32',
+        'url': 'https://www.phoenix.de/sendungen/ereignisse/corona-nachgehakt/wohin-fuehrt-der-protest-in-der-pandemie-a-2050630.html',
        'md5': '34ec321e7eb34231fd88616c65c92db0',
        'info_dict': {
-            'id': '221215_phx_spitzbergen',
+            'id': '210222_phx_nachgehakt_corona_protest',
            'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'Spitzbergen',
+            'title': 'Wohin führt der Protest in der Pandemie?',
-            'description': 'Film von Tilmann Bünz',
+            'description': 'md5:7d643fe7f565e53a24aac036b2122fbd',
-            'duration': 728.0,
+            'duration': 1691,
-            'timestamp': 1555600500,
+            'timestamp': 1613902500,
-            'upload_date': '20190418',
+            'upload_date': '20210221',
            'uploader': 'Phoenix',
-            'thumbnail': 'https://www.phoenix.de/sixcms/media.php/21/Bergspitzen1.png',
+            'series': 'corona nachgehakt',
-            'series': 'Dokumentationen',
+            'episode': 'Wohin führt der Protest in der Pandemie?',
-            'episode': 'Spitzbergen',
+        },
    }, {
        # Youtube embed
        'url': 'https://www.phoenix.de/sendungen/gespraeche/phoenix-streitgut-brennglas-corona-a-1965505.html',
        'info_dict': {
            'id': 'hMQtqFYjomk',
            'ext': 'mp4',
            'title': 'phoenix streitgut: Brennglas Corona - Wie gerecht ist unsere Gesellschaft?',
            'description': 'md5:ac7a02e2eb3cb17600bc372e4ab28fdd',
            'duration': 3509,
            'upload_date': '20201219',
            'uploader': 'phoenix',
            'uploader_id': 'phoenix',
        },
        'params': {
            'skip_download': True,
        },
    }, {
        'url': 'https://www.phoenix.de/entwicklungen-in-russland-a-2044720.html',
@ -71,8 +90,8 @@ class PhoenixIE(ZDFBaseIE):
        content_id = details['tracking']['nielsen']['content']['assetid']
        info = self._extract_ptmd(
-            f'https://tmd.phoenix.de/tmd/2/android_native_6/vod/ptmd/phoenix/{content_id}',
+            f'https://tmd.phoenix.de/tmd/2/ngplayer_2_3/vod/ptmd/phoenix/{content_id}',
-            content_id)
+            content_id, None, url)
        duration = int_or_none(try_get(
            details, lambda x: x['tracking']['nielsen']['content']['length']))
@ -82,8 +101,20 @@ class PhoenixIE(ZDFBaseIE):
            str)
        episode = title if details.get('contentType') == 'episode' else None
        thumbnails = []
        teaser_images = try_get(details, lambda x: x['teaserImageRef']['layouts'], dict) or {}
-        thumbnails = self._extract_thumbnails(teaser_images)
+        for thumbnail_key, thumbnail_url in teaser_images.items():
            thumbnail_url = urljoin(url, thumbnail_url)
            if not thumbnail_url:
                continue
            thumbnail = {
                'url': thumbnail_url,
            }
            m = re.match('^([0-9]+)x([0-9]+)$', thumbnail_key)
            if m:
                thumbnail['width'] = int(m.group(1))
                thumbnail['height'] = int(m.group(2))
            thumbnails.append(thumbnail)
        return merge_dicts(info, {
            'id': content_id,
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/pinterest.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/pinterest.py
@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ class PinterestBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
    def _call_api(self, resource, video_id, options):
        return self._download_json(
            f'https://www.pinterest.com/resource/{resource}Resource/get/',
-            video_id, f'Download {resource} JSON metadata',
+            video_id, f'Download {resource} JSON metadata', query={
-            query={'data': json.dumps({'options': options})},
+                'data': json.dumps({'options': options}),
-            headers={'X-Pinterest-PWS-Handler': 'www/[username].js'})['resource_response']
+            })['resource_response']
    def _extract_video(self, data, extract_formats=True):
        video_id = data['id']
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/playsuisse.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/playsuisse.py
@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
 import base64
 import hashlib
 import json
 import uuid
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
@ -145,73 +142,39 @@ class PlaySuisseIE(InfoExtractor):
            id
            url
        }'''
-    _CLIENT_ID = '1e33f1bf-8bf3-45e4-bbd9-c9ad934b5fca'
+    _LOGIN_BASE_URL = 'https://login.srgssr.ch/srgssrlogin.onmicrosoft.com'
-    _LOGIN_BASE = 'https://account.srgssr.ch'
+    _LOGIN_PATH = 'B2C_1A__SignInV2'
    _ID_TOKEN = None
    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        code_verifier = uuid.uuid4().hex + uuid.uuid4().hex + uuid.uuid4().hex
+        login_page = self._download_webpage(
-        code_challenge = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(
+            'https://www.playsuisse.ch/api/sso/login', None, note='Downloading login page',
-            hashlib.sha256(code_verifier.encode()).digest()).decode().rstrip('=')
+            query={'x': 'x', 'locale': 'de', 'redirectUrl': 'https://www.playsuisse.ch/'})
        settings = self._search_json(r'var\s+SETTINGS\s*=', login_page, 'settings', None)
-        request_id = parse_qs(self._request_webpage(
+        csrf_token = settings['csrf']
-            f'{self._LOGIN_BASE}/authz-srv/authz', None, 'Requesting session ID', query={
+        query = {'tx': settings['transId'], 'p': self._LOGIN_PATH}
                'client_id': self._CLIENT_ID,
                'redirect_uri': 'https://www.playsuisse.ch/auth',
                'scope': 'email profile openid offline_access',
                'response_type': 'code',
                'code_challenge': code_challenge,
                'code_challenge_method': 'S256',
                'view_type': 'login',
            }).url)['requestId'][0]
-        try:
+        status = traverse_obj(self._download_json(
-            exchange_id = self._download_json(
+            f'{self._LOGIN_BASE_URL}/{self._LOGIN_PATH}/SelfAsserted', None, 'Logging in',
-                f'{self._LOGIN_BASE}/verification-srv/v2/authenticate/initiate/password', None,
+            query=query, headers={'X-CSRF-TOKEN': csrf_token}, data=urlencode_postdata({
-                'Submitting username', headers={'content-type': 'application/json'}, data=json.dumps({
+                'request_type': 'RESPONSE',
-                    'usage_type': 'INITIAL_AUTHENTICATION',
+                'signInName': username,
                    'request_id': request_id,
                    'medium_id': 'PASSWORD',
                    'type': 'password',
                    'identifier': username,
                }).encode())['data']['exchange_id']['exchange_id']
        except ExtractorError:
            raise ExtractorError('Invalid username', expected=True)
        try:
            login_data = self._download_json(
                f'{self._LOGIN_BASE}/verification-srv/v2/authenticate/authenticate/password', None,
                'Submitting password', headers={'content-type': 'application/json'}, data=json.dumps({
                    'requestId': request_id,
                    'exchange_id': exchange_id,
                    'type': 'password',
                'password': password,
-                }).encode())['data']
+            }), expected_status=400), ('status', {int_or_none}))
-        except ExtractorError:
+        if status == 400:
-            raise ExtractorError('Invalid password', expected=True)
+            raise ExtractorError('Invalid username or password', expected=True)
-        authorization_code = parse_qs(self._request_webpage(
+        urlh = self._request_webpage(
-            f'{self._LOGIN_BASE}/login-srv/verification/login', None, 'Logging in',
+            f'{self._LOGIN_BASE_URL}/{self._LOGIN_PATH}/api/CombinedSigninAndSignup/confirmed',
-            data=urlencode_postdata({
+            None, 'Downloading ID token', query={
-                'requestId': request_id,
+                'rememberMe': 'false',
-                'exchange_id': login_data['exchange_id']['exchange_id'],
+                'csrf_token': csrf_token,
-                'verificationType': 'password',
+                **query,
-                'sub': login_data['sub'],
+                'diags': '',
-                'status_id': login_data['status_id'],
+            })
                'rememberMe': True,
                'lat': '',
                'lon': '',
            })).url)['code'][0]
        self._ID_TOKEN = self._download_json(
            f'{self._LOGIN_BASE}/proxy/token', None, 'Downloading token', data=b'', query={
                'client_id': self._CLIENT_ID,
                'redirect_uri': 'https://www.playsuisse.ch/auth',
                'code': authorization_code,
                'code_verifier': code_verifier,
                'grant_type': 'authorization_code',
            })['id_token']
        self._ID_TOKEN = traverse_obj(parse_qs(urlh.url), ('id_token', 0))
        if not self._ID_TOKEN:
            raise ExtractorError('Login failed')
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
`@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ from yt_dlp.postprocessor.common import PostProcessor`


	`class NormalPluginPP(PostProcessor):`	`class NormalPluginPP(PostProcessor):`
	`REPLACED = False`	`pass`